Chiphunzitso
Chikondwerero cha wojambula ku France uyu adamupatsa luso lalikulu, lomwe limabweretsa kuzindikira, koma sanapatse chuma ndi ulemu. Wopweteka wotchuka, wopukutira ndi chithunzi cha zaka za m'ma Xix pazaka za Eile Eich amakhala ndi moyo wambiri womwe amakhala ndi mtundu wa mtundu wa carcial. Anafotokozera zakukhosi kwake kuti ndi zoipa, zopanda chilungamo, anthu, malamulo, Bourgeoiciiie. Ntchito zake zidawalimbikitsa anthu kuti azisintha zida zosinthira, ndipo wopweteka-wopwetekayo mwiniyo adalimbana ndi akuluakulu aboma.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Wojambula mtsogolo anabadwa pa February 26, 1808 ku Majercelille, m'banja la munthu wa Measer. Mnyamatayo ali ndi zaka 8, bambo ake anatumiza banja lake ku Paris, akuyembekeza kuti luso lake lidzakwaniritsidwa. Nthawi yomweyo, idawerengedwa kuti Mwanayo adamuthandiza. Koma sanawonetse chidwi pagalasi.
Anakula kukokomeza kwenikweni, kugwirako ntchito kwa mnyamatayo kunali koti awone moyo wa m'misewu ya Parissia: Pali mahule pachitseko, ndipo mahule amagulitsidwa pakona, mbalamezi zimatsitsidwa ma croller onunkhira .. .
Moyo wosangalatsa, womwe ine ndimafuna kuti ndigwire mu kukongola konse kwa mphindi, kunali kuyendetsa mozungulira onoor. Ngati angathe kupanga zojambulazo, zomwe zidawona mu Albums kuchokera ku shopu yamabuku! Koma mnyamatayo yekha amene akuwonetsa makatoni a anyamata oyandikana nawo, azikhala papepala.
Popeza atatha kugwira ntchito ngati wothandizila loya, ndipo kachulukidwe ka mabuku, mnyamatayo ali ndi zaka 14, pamapeto pake, adachita maloto anthawi yayitali - kuloseredwa. Posakhalitsa ndinakumana ndi "Palle Royal" ndi akatswiri otchuka a nthawi imeneyo ndi Camille Coro, a Eugene Delacroa, Jean Granville, adayamba kugwira ntchito yolumikizidwa ndi yolumikizira yautoto. Mu 1828, onor adatengedwa kupita ndi njira yatsopano ya chithunzichi - litagraphy. Mtunduwu umagwira ntchito zake zoyambirira zomwe zimamupangitsa kupeza zomwe zingandipeze.
Chilengedwa
Mu 1830s, zokomera ulemu zidawona kuti Charnradist waku French Charles fifippon, mutu wa malo oyamba a magazini ya ku France, ndikuyitanidwa kuti agwirizane.
Domiar adasaina mtolankhani wake amagwira ntchito ndi mawu opangira. Mu 1832, adaonetsa kuti ndi Philippe watsopano wa Philippe wa Philippe wazamathunzi wa Gargantua, womwe adayang'ana m'ndende theka la chaka, kuchokera komwe adatuluka ndi chiwonetsero chotchuka komanso chidachiritsa. Mu 1830-1882, nyumbazo zidapanga zikwangwani za zojambulajambula ndi zojambulajambula za andale a Bourgeois adatcha "Wotchuka wa Golide Pakati".
Mu 1834, a Paris, omwe adakhalapo adawona zithunzi zoterezi monga "wochenjera wamalamulo" (chithunzi cholunjika cha zikuluzikulu za zikuluzikulu), "ife timatha kumasulidwa."
Mwa iwo, zilakolako zoyipa za olamulira zimawululidwa - umbombo, zopusa, zopusa, komanso zosintha (ufulu "(ufulu" watolaeli ").
A Parisians anali kudikirira ntchito zowala zandale komanso zachikhalidwe. Wofunika kuti asangalale ndi gawo la Satira, lomwe kuli kofunikira panthawiyo, kuposa kale, koma ochepa okha omwe amadziwa wolemba ntchito za pansi pano. Koma abwenzi a talente omwe amayamika, zowawa monga Jean-Francois Méla, Coo ndi Delacroux. Komanso olemba, kuphatikizapo Victor Hugo, Onor de Balzac ndi Charles Baudere. Balzac ananena kuti Michelangelyo yekha amakhala ku "Douroune", ndi Baudelaire analemba kuti "chojambula chake chimakhala chopatsa utoto."
Mu 1835, akuluakuluwo adatseka magazini "yantchito", ndiye nyumbazo zimapita ku mtundu wina wa filippaone - "Shavari" (Charvari). Apa wojambulayo amafalitsanso ntchito yake yopanda pake kwa zaka pafupifupi 30. Zolemba za wolemba ndi chilengedwe chomwe chikuchitika.
Mwachitsanzo, "nkhani yakale ya" nkhani yakale "(1841-1843) yonyozedwa ndi Borrgetois Art. Mu mndandanda wanthawi ya "Mitundu ya Paris" (1839-1840), "Borurgetos" (1846-1849), "Olemba" akuganiza, kugwa kwa maluso .
Pambuyo pa 1848, wojambulayo amasintha malangizo omwe akujambula - amapita kukapata, mafuta ndi madzi oteteza madzi. Cholinga cha mtundu wa ntchito ya mbuyeyo chikusintha: Carcicale yankhanza ndiyotsika poyang'ana zojambula zapakhomo, popanda kukulitsa tanthauzo lake lakuya. Ngwazi za zojambula zake ndi anthu osavuta, ngwazi zamakono: ogwira ntchito, ogwira ntchito, oyendayenda "a Borka", banja "la" banja ").
Korona wa nthawi yowoneka bwino ya nyumbayo amaonedwa kuti ndi yojambula "DE DE Quixote", pomwe wolemba adawonetsa kuti adawonetsera munthu anthu opanda umunthu komanso dziko lapansi. Otsutsa amawona mu nyengo ya ku Autobigragragy: osungulumwa kwambiri a Chithunzi chomvetsa chisoni ndi odzila, ndipo matalala ake ndi machitidwe oyipa.
Pakutha kwa moyo, chifukwa cha zosowa, amapemphanso mtundu wa litagraph, koma tsopano pongoyang'ana pa nkhani ya utoto wa utoto. Nyumba zomaliza zomaliza ndi ntchito zingapo za "Osada", zoperekedwa kwa nkhondo ya Franco-Prussian (1870-1871).
Cholowa cha nyumbazo chili pafupifupi pafupifupi 4 mabotolo okwana 400, zojambula zoposa 900 kwa zojambula, zojambula zoposa 700 ndi ziboliboli 60. Kuchita uhule kwa wojambulawu sikunazindikiridwe kwambiri panthawi ya moyo ndipo adayesedwa m'zaka za zana la 20.
Masiku ano, ntchito za nthiti za Litagraphy zili m'malo osungirako dziko lapansi ku New York, zojambula zakale ku Waltimore, ku Munich Pinhouton, Heinmian Piermitage ndi ena.
Mu 1992, makanema ojambulawo "Lamulo la Domey" linatulutsidwa pamawonekedwe, momwe Jeff Duncarctor adagwiritsa ntchito zojambula za carcicaturst.
Moyo Wanu
Nyumbayo idapereka moyo wake wonse, kuphatikizapo payekha, pophatikiza dongosolo lomwe lidalipo ndi ulamuliro wolamulira. Monga wojambula weniweni, sanathe kupereka chidwi chake, choncho sanaoneke ngati mkazi wake ndi ana.Imfa
Mu 1870s, nyumba zake zimalimbitsa masomphenyawo. Chifukwa cha khungu lomwe limamuyendera kwambiri, wojambulayo anali wopanda thandizo, amakhala wosungulumwa wathunthu.
Abwenzi ochezeka adapulumutsa. Camille Coro adachotsa nyumbayo kwa anyezi, ganyu ya namwino ndipo adalipira ngongole. Wolamulira adamwalira pa February 10, 1879 mu umphawi wathunthu m'dera la Paris Valmuwa.
Zojambula
- 1832-1834 --833. - "Anthu otchuka pagolide pakati"
- 1834 - "Milandu Yamalamulo"
- 1836-38 - "Karicaturan"
- 1834 - "Transnonn Street"
- 1850-53 - Malo "
- 1856 - "Pamakeni"
- 1863-65 - "Wagonja Lachitatu"
- 1956-60 - "Melodrama"
- 1870 - "Don Quixoter"
- 1870-71 - "Kuzinga"