Tari
Makomar wannan malamin Faransa ya gabatar da shi da babban baiwa, wanda ya kawo fitarwa, amma bai ba da wadata da daukaka ba. Shahararren mai zane, Sculptor da jadawalin XIX karni akan gidajen rayuwa masu yawa ne aka sadaukar da kayan caricature. Ba da abin da ya kamata a gare shi ba daidai ba, ba daidai ba - al'umma, al'umma, bourgeoisie. Ayyukansa sun tayar da mutane zuwa ga halartar gargajiya na juyi, kuma mai zane-zane da kansa ya ba da karfi tare da hukumomi.Yaro da matasa
An haifi mai zane na gaba a ranar 26 ga Fabrairu, 1808 a Marseille, a cikin gidan Goasher. Lokacin da yaron yake dan shekara 8, mahaifinsa ya kwashe dangin zuwa Paris, da fatan abin da ya yi zai zama mafi bukatar. A lokaci guda, an ƙidaya cewa Sonan zai taimaka masa. Amma bai nuna wata sha'awa a cikin gilashin ba.
Ya girma tare da ainihin ƙari, aikin da aka fi so shine ya kalli rayuwar titunan Parisian: Akwai karuwai a cikin kofar, Bullman saukar da trivley na croissants .. .
Yawancin rayuwa mai ban sha'awa, wanda na so in kama cikin duka kyakkyawa na lokacin, yana tuki a kewayen saurayin. Idan zai iya ƙirƙirar irin waɗannan zane, wanda ya gani a cikin kunshi daga shagon littafin! Amma yaron kawai an nuna zane-zane a kan yaran makwabta, mai a kan takarda mai rufewa.
Bayan da aka sami nasarar aiki a matsayin mataimaki ga lauya, da kuma Cucer a cikin shagon littafin, yaron yana da mafarki mai tsawo - ya fara ɗaukar darussan zanen da sassaka. Ba da da ewa na sadu a cikin gallery "Palle Royal" tare shahara artists daga waɗanda sau da Camille Coro, Eugene Delacroa, Jean Granville, ya fara aiki a cikin zane-zane ta bita Ezhen kaya. A cikin 1828, an kwashe maƙiyan ta hanyar sabon dabarar hoton - Lititography. Wannan nau'in yana yin ayyukansa na farko wanda zai kawo masa albashin da aka dadewa.
Halitta
A cikin 1830s, tsohuwar ta ga sanannen sanannen sanannen Faransawa Charles Filippon, shugaban na farko caricature mujallar a Faransa, kuma ya gayyata don yin aiki tare.
Domaier ya sanya hannu a cikin mujallarsa aiki tare da batun yin la'akari da Rodge. A cikin 1832, ya kuma nuna sabon sarkin Louis Philippe a cikin caricatalin hoton Caricatasa, wanda ya kalli da sanannen lokaci kuma ya kasance har ma da mafi juyin juya hali. A cikin 1830-1832, gidajen sun kirkiro da zane-zane da kuma hotunan zane-zane-zane-zane na Bourgeois na Bourgeois da ake kira "shahararrun tsakiyar zinare".
A cikin 1834, Paris, mazauna sun ga irin wadannan ambaliyar dokokin kamar "Dokokin dokoki" (Hoton gama kai ne, "dukkanmu masu gaskiya," za mu iya sake shi. "
A cikinsu, da mawuyacin marubucin marubucin na hukuncin bourging bourgoisie an fallasa su - kyama, da kuma hatsari, da jaruntaka na 'yancin' yanci "da kuma" 'yancin "' yancin" na zamani ").
Peessians suna jiran ayyukan siyasa masu haske da zamantakewa .Mi don jin daɗin sabon rabo na Satira, wanda wajibi ne a lokacin, fiye da kowane irin mutane sun san marubucin waɗannan ƙananan bayanai. Amma abokai na da baiwa, masu jefaun kamar Jean-Francois, MOO da Delacrox. Kuma kuma marubutan, ciki har da Victor Hogo, Onor de Balzac da Charles Baathelaire. Balzac ya ce Michelenlo kansa kansa yana zaune a cikin "Nan take", da Baudlaire ya rubuta cewa "zane-zanen sa yana da launuka cikin yanayi."
A cikin 1835, hukumomi sun rufe mujallar "caricat", sannan gidajen suna zuwa wani bugu na Filippone - "Sharivari" (Farivari). Anan dan Artist kuma yana buga aikinsa m na kusan shekaru 30. Rubutun rubutun marubucin shine halittar su.
Misali, "labarin tsohuwar" (1841-1843) Midical Bourgeois Art. A cikin jerin "Paris Nau'i" (1839-1840), "Kyakkyawan Bourgeois" (1846-1849), "Maimaitawar shari'a" (1845-1849), "Mai adalci ya yi daidai da tunani, .
Bayan 1848, mai zane yana canza shugabanci a cikin kayan gani - yana zuwa zanen, mai da ruwa. Irin wannan aikin aikin Jagora yana canzawa: wani mummunan carictatus ya ɓaci a cikin zane-zanen gida, ba tare da zurfafa ma'anar zamantakewarsu ba. Jarumai na zane-zanen sa mutane ne masu sauki, ma'aikata, ma'aikata, Brattka na aji "," mai zagaye na aji "," dangi a cikin shingen ").
A kambi na hoto mai hoto na gidaje ana ɗauka shine jerin zane-zane "don Quixote", wanda marubucin yake nuna mutum cikin yanayin ajizai ajizai da duniya. Masu sukar suna gani a cikin wannan jerin jerin abubuwan tarihin na: Lantarki mai kauri na hoton bakin ciki shine ke daurewa kansa, da kuma windliills tsarinta ne mai tsauri.
A karshen rayuwa, saboda bukatun, ya sake yin ta'aziyya ga litraboro iri, kawai a cikin jan hankalin batutuwan soja masu ban dariya. Gidaje na ƙarshe na motoci na ƙarshe sune jerin ayyuka "Osada", wanda aka sadaukar da kai ga yakin Franco-Prussian (1870-1871).
Abubuwan da ke cikin gidaje kusan kusan dubu ne 4,000, sama da zane-zane sama da 900 don masu zane, sama da zane-zane sama da 700 da 60 zane-zane. Ba a san halittar mai fasaha ba yayin rayuwa kuma an kimanta su kawai a karni na 20.
A yau, ayyukan ilimin almara suna cikin manyan tarin duniya - Meticolitan Museum a cikin Baltimore, a cikin Gallery na Kasa, da sauransu.
A cikin 1992, "Dokar Domey" an sake shi a kan allo, a cikin abin da Jeff Dunbar Daraktan da aka yi amfani da zane na Caricauritiist.
Rayuwar sirri
Gidan da aka sadaukar da dukkan rayuwarsa, gami da mutum, yana magance tsarin da ake da shi da tsarin mulki. A matsayin mai zane na gaskiya, ba zai iya mika sha'awar sa ba bazuwar ba, don haka bai bayyana matarsa da yara ba.Mutuwa
A cikin shekarun 1870, gidaje da sauri wahayi. Saboda makanta mai ci gaba, mai fasaha ya zama mai taimako, ya rage a cikakkiyar kadaici.
Abokai-abokai abokai sun zo ga ceto. Camille Camille cire gidan don albasa, hayar wani masarautar da bashin da aka biya. Domier ya mutu a ranar 10 ga Fabrairu, 1879 a cikin cikakken talauci a cikin yankin Paris Valmwa.
Zana wuri
- 1832-1834 - "Mashahurai na tsakiyar zinare"
- 1834 - "Ma'anar Benus"
- 1836-38 - "KARIcATYYURAN"
- 1834 - "Transonen Street"
- 1850-53 - "Dukiya"
- 1856 - "A wurin shagon"
- 1863-65 - "aji na uku" wagon "
- 1956-60 - "Melodrama"
- 1870 - "Don yin Quixote"
- 1870-71 - "Siege"