Tari
Fice jam'iyyar da dattaku. The aminci ɗan da mutane. Bakan'ane, kuma internationalist. Wakilai daga cikin mazan tsara suna da kyau a tuna, a dangane da wanda suka busa neman irin wannan high kalmomi. Mafi yawan mutane tunani haka, kuma shi aka ba tilasta, amma daga tsarkakakkiyar zuciya. Wannan shi ne har yanzu haka nisa a Vietnam to da farko shugaban Ho Chi Mini. A kan lokaci na da kima na wannan mutumin, suka canza daga abin bautawa da leken asiri, amma yana da wuya a yi musu cewa Ho Chi min ne mai muhimmanci player a fagen siyasa na karni na ashirin.Yaro da matasa
A biography na shugaban na 'yancin kai na Vietnam fara a watan Mayu 1890 a kauyen Tua (ga sauran bayanai - a kauyen Kim Lien), a lardin Ngean Tsakiya Vietnam. Bayan haihuwa, da iyaye da aka makantar da Ɗan Nguyen Busin Kung. Ho Chi min ne daya daga cikin pseudonyms da aka yi amfani da daga baya. Nguyen ta uba Shin Shak kawo har da 'ya'ya uku (Busin Kung da wani ɗan'uwa, da' yar'uwarsa), Hoang Thi Loan ta uwarsa mutu a haifi wani yaro na hudu. The iyali da aka dauke da wani talakawan dũkiya, kuma yanayi a gidan sarauta freedoming.
Tun a cikin yankuna na Asia, da sunayen su ba ababy matsayin, amma tare da ma'ana, kai da shekaru masu rinjaye, saurayin ya dauki sunan Nguyen Tat Than, wanda yake nufin "triumphator". Godiya ga uba wanda ya yi aiki a kotun na sarki, da saurayi aka jiran mai kyau mai yiwuwa.
Ga wasu lokaci, Nguyen da aka gudanar a National College a birnin ya dafa, ya yi aiki a matsayin malami na Faransa da kuma Vietnam. Amma daga farkon shekarun, da ra'ayin samun 'yanci daga Faransa mulkin mallaka mamayar da aka horar da a da shi (daga biyu da rabi na karni na 19th, Vietnam samu mulkin mallaka matsa lamba na France), Tat Than ko da ya kasance a asirce da alaka tsakanin juriya Kwayoyin cewa ya fara bayyana.
A 1911, wani saurayi ya daidaita a kan wani shopping jirgin da wani ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa ya tafi zuwa Turai. Motherland gan Ho Chi Mini bayan shekaru 30. A wannan lokaci, zan ziyarci Faransa, China, Amurka, Birtaniya, Italiya da kuma, ba shakka, da Tarayyar Soviet. Tsaya a kafofin na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Faransa da kuma Intercolonial Union. Halarci a cikin ayyukan da Comintern.
Bayan ziyartar Tarayyar Soviet, karshe imbued tare da akidar Gurguzu, ya fara karatu a cikin kwaminis University of Ma'aikata na Gabas. Ho Chi min sau da yawa ya zo da Tarayyar Soviet a matsayin shugaban Vietnam, ya karbi Order of Lenin. Siyasan yi magana domin karfafa da kuma bunkasa dangantakar dake tsakanin biyu fraternal al'ummai.
Siyasa da kuma ikon
Kamar yadda siyasa adadi na Ho fara bayyana kanta a shekara ta 1919, lokacin da ya sanya wata sanarwa game da arziki da samun yancin kai wa mutanen Indochina. A Faransa, rubuta da articles a karkashin sunan Nguyeni Ai Koque, aka jera a cikin kadara na Faransa hagu sojojin, ya halarci gangamin da tarurruka. Kasancewa a cikin ƙaura, sõyayya 3 a warwatse kungiyoyi da kuma kafa K'abilan Biyetnam Jam'iyyar Kwaminis, wanda sai ya yi girma a cikin gurguzu na Indochina.
A twenties ya yi aiki a ofishin jakadancin Soviet a Sin Canton. A karkashin pseudonym, ko Quysu a wannan lokaci kafa} awance na neman sauyi matasa na Vietnam da kuma kwamitin Special Siyasa Training. Ɓuya daga kama a Cambodia, Hong Kong, ta wakana. A wancan lokaci, ya dauki mafi shahara da sunan - Ho Chi Minh (enlightener).
Aikin a cikin Comintern a 1934-1938 da kuma nazari a Moscow zuwa sosai haskaka tadawa Hosch Mini matsayin shugaban, saboda sa'an nan a Saigon, kusan dukan saman na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis Indochina aka kama. A cikin 40s Ya zama a sarari cewa to reanimate da mutane kwata 'yanci motsi iya ba da kowa kamar Ho Chi Minh.
A lardunan a arewacin Vietnam, da siyasa, da darussa ga shugabannin partisan hari da mayakan sa kai suka fara bude, inda cikin takardun da kayan kwaminis na jam'iyyar kwaminis ta Tarayyar Soviet da aka yi karatu. Domin da fadakarwa na wani sauki mutane, Ƙungiyarku malamai wanda gudanar da wani Bayani aiki a kan bukatar wani boren da aka halitta. A shekarar 1942, jaridar "Banner na Liberation" ya fara buga - jiki na kwamitin tsakiya na CPIK.
A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu da kuma Japan zama, ya kafa League na kokawa ga 'yancin kai na Vietmin. League don wani lokaci goyon dangantakar da Romintan gwamnatin da American musamman da sabis. Bayan da sallama da Japan da kuma renunciation na sarki Vietnam Bao, ya ba da Power daga kursiyin zuwa Vietmin, kuma Ho Shi min zama shugaban gwamnatin Jamhuriyar Demokradiyar Vietnam.
A karkashin ya jagoranci, kasar ta canza: high haraji an soke, duniya m dokar da aka gabatar, jama'a kwamitocin da aka halitta - prototypes na gida kai gwamnati. A daya hannun, koyarwar Ho Chi Mina ya kwaminisanci tsarin mulki "da wani Asian fuska", da gaban aiki al'ummomi, m horo, duka iko na 'yan kasa. CPIK juya zuwa cikin babban karfi na sabon jihar.
Bai zama tilas ba tare da aiki (wani lokacin jiki) kashewa siyasa gasar, da yaki da "cin amanar" da "reactionaries", "tsaftacewa" na jam'iyyar layuka. Daga cikin 1950s, Sin mashawarci bayyana a cikin ƙasa da abin da tarzomar sakamakon. Daga bisani, danniya da zaluntar da aka samu nasarar miƙa ka zuwa da m juriya ga sojojin Faransa.
Duk da diplomasiyya kokarin Ho Chi Minh, dakarun kasashen waje ya zauna a kan ƙasa na Vietnam. Harkokin waje na iko ba ya so ya adawa da Faransa da kuma warware batun na cikakken 'yanci na ta mallaka. A akasin wannan, da Amurka da kuma Ingila ya taimaka sojojin Faransa Finance, dabara, Soja malamai.
Ho Chi min nemi taimako daga Tarayyar Soviet da kuma China da kuma samu shi, kuma wannan shi ne duk da cewa wadannan kasashe sun ba a duk in dangantakar abokantaka. A kasar kan sojojin Faransa, da aiki soja na Vietnam, wanda aka sani da suna a tarihin kira na farko Indochinese yaki sun fãta shimfiɗaɗɗa.
The yaki ya ƙare a 1954, Faransa gane ta sha kashi da kuma 'yancin kai na Vietnam. Amma kasar karya up shiga kashi biyu. A Arewa gangarawa Ho Chi Minh, da kuma Kudu maso Kudu Pastener na Amurka Policy NGO Din Zy.
A matsayin firayin ministan kasar Arewa Vietnam Ho aka located har shekarar 1955, a wannan shekara ya zama shugaban kasa na Arewa Vietnam. Duk wannan lokaci, ya bayar da wani m goyon baya ga ta Kudu K'abilan Biyetnam National Liberation Front. Kuma a shekarar 1960 ya kuma zabe shugaban kwamitin tsakiya na PTV.
Kudancin Vietnam ta kishin kasa ba ya so ya sanya sama da yar tsana gwamnati da kuma tafi da Jungle. A Arewa bai kasance wani sha'aninsu dabam Kiyayewa da ya fara yi na sadarwa hanyoyi, wanda tsayayya juriya. A babbar cibiyar sadarwa na wadannan warai ya ɓadda hanyoyi, gadoji, da sunan "Ho Chi Mina" sawu da aka kira.
A shekarar 1961, wani raba shipping hanya da aka bude, da ake kira da Ho Chi Mine sawu a teku. Ga shi musamman halitta da rundunar. Daga qarshe, da "sawu" ya zama daya daga cikin mabudi zuwa cikin nasarar K'abilan Biyetnam mayakan a cikin yaki tsaurara musu shekara ashirin.
Tun shekarar 1965, bayan da aiki hada da Amurka a cikin tashin da girka na biyu Indochinese yaki (mafi sani da War a Vietnam), Ho Chi Minh ƙi wani da tattaunawa a irin wannan yanayi. Ya zama personification na fama da mulkin mallaka kasashe domin kai-kafiya, National Liberation ƙungiyoyi karni na ashirin da.
Rayuwar sirri
A cikin bayanan rigima, Ho Chi MIL MINH Zzen Xueetric Zzen Xueetric Zzen Xueetir (a cikin Vietnamese Tang Mil), China ta kasa. Ma'auratan sun tashi lokacin da juyin juya hali ya gudu daga China, ɓoye daga tsarin Chan Kaishi. Duk da haka, da wanzuwar wannan mace ne suka ƙaryata game da {asar Vietnam hukumomi, a fili, a so a adana labari game da yankewa daga cikin mutane ta shugaban ta akida na juyin juya halin.
Jama'a sun girmama Ho Chi Mina don farfado na musamman. Kasancewa da iko, shugaban kasa bai ba da dukiya ba, unpretentious ya kasance cikin abinci da sutura. Ƙi da Luxury Palace binta a matsayin shugaban jihar, Ho Chi Minh ya gina gidansa a kan tara bãya gare shi. Idan ka yanke hukunci game da hoto, wurin zama yana da hayetic. Gidan ya shiga cikin tsarin gine-ginen fasokole.
Shugaban farko na arewacin Vietnam na Aikin Likita Dara ba a hana shi ba. Duk da yake har yanzu a cikin wani Sin kurkuku, inda ya kasance a kan zargin da leken asiri a cikin 1942, ya rubuta wani poetic sake zagayowar "Kurkuku diary". Ya hada da misalai 100. A labarai, makala, da jawabai daga Ho Chi Mini rufe al'amurran da suka shafi ma'aikata da kuma National Liberation Movement, da Vietnam da juyin juya halin, ƙungiyar na kasar da kuma gina wani gurguzu al'umma.
Mutuwa
Yarjejeniyar a kan karbar dakaru daga Vietnam da aka sanya hannu a Paris a 1973. Ho Shea Mini bai faru ba don ganin 'ya'yan itacen gwagwarmaya mai ƙage. Jagoran juyin juya halin Vietnam a watan Satumbar 1969 ya mutu. Game da mutuwarsa ya ruwaito kawai gobe, domin kada a rufe hutun kasa - ranar samun 'yancin kai. Jikin ya damu da taimakon kwararrun Soviet da duk hanyoyin da suka yi kokarin kare har zuwa karshen yakin.
Bai cika abin da ya yi game da jana'izarsa mai kyau ba: Shugaban kasar ya dogara da shi a cikin kabarin mai girma a cikin murabba'in da aka yi a Hanoi. Wannan mausoleum shine ɗayan wurare da yawa a Vietnam.
Tunani
- Tun daga 1969, sunan Ho Chi Mina ya sa wani yanki a Moscow. A cikin 1990, wani abin tunawa ga ho chi my aka shigar.
- A cikin 1976 na babban birnin Kudancin Vietnam - Saigon - sami sabon suna - Ho Chi MHH.
- A shekarar 1979, bude gidan kayan gargajiya na gidan kayan gargajiya na Vietnameske City ya faru a Ho Chi Minh City.
- An shigar da gumakan da aka sanya a Ulyanovsk, St. Petersburg, Buenos Aires, wani abin tunawa a cikin Vladivostok.
- An nuna hoton shugaban Jamhuriyar kasar ta Vietnamese banknotes.
- An ba da sunan shugaba na Vietnamese a Stream Shugaban Kamfanin Eaterent marine da kuma Lantarki na Lafiya na Jirgin saman Jirgin Yankin Fart.
- Hotunan da yawa na Ho Mina da kuma abubuwan jan hankali da aka sanya sunan su suna cikin damar bude sunan yanar gizo.