Biography
Oleg Makarov inzvimbo yakakurumbira, muridzi wehuwandu hwehukama hwehurumende, kusanganisira 2 maodha egoridhe nyeredzi. Asati aenda kuCosmos, akashanda muBureau weMambokadzi uye akabatsira kugadzira "mubatanidzwa" umo makabhururuka uye akabhururuka. Chinhu Chisengo cheBiography yake yeBiography yaive isina kubudirira nzvimbo yekubhururuka, panguva iyo monstist inodzikisira hutano hwake zvakanyanya.
Oleg Grigorevich Makarov akaberekerwa mumusha weUdomya (zvino iguta riri munzvimbo yeTVT). Baba vake vakashumira muuto reSoviet, uye mhuri iyi yaiwanzo fambisa - Oleg Chikoro chapera muguta reUkraine, uye akaenda kuMosco] dzidzo yepamusoro.
Muna 1957, Makaro akavapedza kubva kuMoscow yakakwirira yehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi hwainzi N. E. Bauman ndokugamuchira basa muKerolev Design Bureau. Ikoko, nyanzvi yechidiki yakatora chikamu mukusikwa kweSoviet yekutanga yemurume.
Cosmonautics
Muna 1966, Oleg Grigorivini akazova nhengo yemutumbi wekudyidzana, apfuura nzira yakazara yekugadzirira kutiza zvikepe zvakaita se "mubatanidzwa". Akaverengerwa muboka ravanga vachigadzirira kutangisa pamwedzi, asi kupindirwa kwakagadzwa musi waDecember 8, 1968 kwakabviswa.
Chikonzero chaive chisina kukwana nzvimbo yekugadzirwa kwechikepe uye roketi rinotakura rombo, iro raigona kushanduka kuita njodzi. Dai iko kutiza kwacho kwakaitika, mucherechedzo weSoviet angave wekutanga pane mwedzi, asi kune izvi kubviswa, maAmerican aive achiri paAporo-8.
Kekutanga, Oleg Makarov akashanya nzvimbo muna 1975. Vasikana Lazarev vakava mukuru wevafambi uye mumwe chete waanoda, uyo aifanira kunge akambotungamirwa kuenda pamwedzi. Matambudziko akatanga nekukurumidza mushure mekutanga: Iyo injini dzechikamu chechitatu chengarava chakashanda zvisizvo, uye soyuz-18-1 haina kukoshesa kumhanya kwekupinda.
Mushure meizvozvo, iyo CAC yakashanda - Iyo Sistimu Yeruponeso rweVaNytroniy: Chikepe chakakamurwa kuita nzvimbo Munguva yekudonha, nhengo dzevashandi dzakanyanyisa kudzora. Kunyangwe iyo dhizaini yakapihwa mafuti akakosha ayo aifanira kugadzirisa zviratidzo kanokwana kuita 2-3 g (kukurumidza kuwira kumusoro kwepasi), automation yakashanda nzira yakatarisana, chete inowedzera mamiriro acho ezvinhu.
"On the CosdodRome, yekubayira Telemetry, yakaziva kuti yakakundwa inogona uye kutidzivirira, mamwe masekondi asvika 26," Lazarev akarangarira gare gare.Nekuda kweizvozvo, hapana munhu akaurayiwa (asingashamisi kuAbsnauts akasarudzwa akasimba), asi kukuvadzwa kwehutano hweCosmonts kwaive kudengenyeka. Mukudzidziswa kwezasi, ivo vakaedzwa kwete anopfuura gumi g, uye semhedzisiro yekukanganiswa kwemutoro, ne2 neanopfuura katatu zvakapfuura, vese venyeredzi vakarasikirwa nepfupi nezvechiono uye mitezo pfupi pfupi yemoyo.
Kutambanudza kwakabudawo hakuna kupfava. Iyo kapu yakawira mumakomo eAltai pamakomo egomo, uye Makaava naLazarev Inongonongisisa kuti chimwe chechipfuramabwe cheparachi chakawira pamusoro pemuti. Saka panguva imwe chete nhengo dzevashandi vakadzivisa kufa kaviri.
Cosmon Nyanzvi kuti ubude muCapsule uye nekukanda moto pane chidimbu chekupisa kwekudzivirira kwekudzivirira kwekudzima kubva kune yekunze kweiyo yekunze yeiyo yekunze yeiyo soll yemuchina. Iyo nzvimbo iyo yavakazviwana yaive yakaoma kwazvo kuwana uye kuvasimudza mubhodhi iyo helikopta chete zuva rairo.
Pamutemo, hutungamiriri hwakazivisa kuti "comrades lazarev naMakarov vanonzwa zvinogutsa." Kunze, zvese zvaive zvakanaka chaizvo, asi kunyangwe mushure mekubhururuka kusingabudisike kwenyeredzi dzakatanga kutevera chirwere chimwe mushure meimwe. Kunyanya kuoma, muedzo wakaratidzwa mumwoyo, umo gare gare, mumakore okusakura, yaive chikonzero chekufa kwevaviri.
Oleg Grigorevich, zvisinei, mushure meizvozvo iye akabhururuka achipinda mune imwe kaviri - muna 1978, pamwe chete naV. Janvibekov uye muma1980s ari muboka reM. trikalov. Iko kwenzira dzakapfuura nenzira yakajairika uye mutengo pasina dambudziko, asi ndege yechitatu yakava yekupedzisira mubasa raMakarov. Chaive chisinganzwisisike chakanangana neyakaenzana kwemazuva gumi nematatu, chinangwa chacho chaive chekugadziriswa kweiyo dengerration masisitimu pane imwe nguva yakareba.
Pabasa rake mumusoro waMakarov, 4 maodha eLenin akapihwa, 2 Orders of the "nyeredzi nyeredzi" uye zita rekuti "commonaut of the ussr". Mushure mekubhururuka kubva muhupenyu hwake, Oleg Grigorievich akasimudza Sayenzi uye akadzivirira kusazivisa kwake. Pakupedzisira kudzingwa kubva kuCosmonout muna 1986, uye akadzokera kuEinjiniya mapurojekiti kuNyinger, kwaakazotambira chinzvimbo chemusoro wemutevedzeri.
Hupenyu Hwako
Oleg Makarov aive akaroora, uye hupenyu hwake chaihwo hwakadzikama uye hwakachengeteka. Mukadzi wake akavalina awirirana, aakashanda pamwe naye muOkb-1. Vakasangana muna 1960 uye munguva pfupi vakaroora, uye mugore, dangwe rakazvarwa. Nemukadzi wake Valentina vakarera vana vaviri - vanakomana vaConstantine uye Leonid.Rufu
Mutoro wakamiswa muhudiki wakaita kuti matambudziko agare achiramba. Muna 1998, Oleg Grigorievich akatambura kuvhiyiwa, asi aisakwanisa kupora zvizere shure kwazviri. Musi waMay 28, 2003, muDunhu rake Rake reMosco, akafa kubva pakurwara kwemwoyo. Iyo yakakurumbira cosmon neyenjiniya yaive nemakore makumi manomwe nemashanu.
Mumakaro akavigwa muOstankinsky cemetery muMoscow. Muguta rake, uchiUmushi akaisa mhirizhonga yendarira, uye kuchikoro, kwaakadzidza idyo reChirangaridzo. Pashure porufu rweOleg Grigorievich, pakanga paine zvinyorwa zvakawanda nemifananidzo, izvo zvakawandisa pamwe nevechidiki vekare kubva kuOkb disassembled, vaive vakashongedzwa uye vakatamisirwa kune cosmonautics museum.
Mazita uye mubairo
- 2 menduru "nyeredzi nyeredzi" gamba reSoviet Union
- 4 kurongeka kwe lenin
- Order "Blue Nile" (Ethiopia)
- Cosmonaut nother ussr
- Mugari wekurumbidza wemaguta eJazkazan, rivne, Yakutsk