Tari
Oleg Makono sanannen Cosmonut ne, mai mallakar lambobin yabo na jihar, gami da umarni 2 na tauraron zinare. Kafin zuwa Cosmos, ya yi aiki a Ofishin Sarauniya kuma ya taimaka kirkirar "ƙungiyoyi" waɗanda zasu tashi kuma ya tashi. Kuskuren tunanin rayuwarsa ya zama jirgin sama mai rauni, a lokacin da mafi girman nauyin da ya lalata lafiyarsa.
Oleg Grigorivic Makaro an haife shi a ƙauyen Udomlya (yanzu birni ne a yankin Tver). Mahaifinsa ya yi aiki a cikin sojojin Soviet, sau da yawa ya tashi - Oleg makarantar da aka gama a cikin garin Yukren, kuma ya tafi Moscow don babban ilimi.
A cikin 1957, Makarv ya kammala karatun Fasahar Fasahar Moscow bayan N. E. Bauman ta karbi wani aiki a Ofishin Korolev. A nan, ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararrun halarta a cikin ƙirƙirar sararin samaniya na Soviet.
Cosmonautics
A shekarar 1966, Oleg Grigorievich ya zama memba na COSMONOUT DECHOUT, bayan wucewa da cikakken hanya na shiri don jirgin sama kamar "Union". An haɗa shi a cikin rukunin da suke shirya suna sauka a kan wata, amma an nada balaguron balaguron Disamba 8, 1968 ba a soke shi ba.
Dalilin shi ne isassun wurin aiki na ƙirar jirgin da mai ɗaukar nauyi, wanda zai iya juya masifa. Idan jirgin ya faru, Cosmonass na Soviet zai zama na farko da wata, amma saboda wannan mummunan, Amurkawa suna kan Afolon-8.
A karo na farko, Oleg Makarov ya ziyarci sarari a 1975. Rashin Lazarev ya zama shugaban ma'aikatan jirgin da abokin tarayya, mafi yawansu ya kamata ya jagoranci jirgin sama a baya. Matsalolin da aka fara nan da nan bayan ƙaddamarwa: injunan na 3 na cakulan dutsen ya yi aiki ba daidai ba, da Seyuz-18-1 ba su yi maki mai mahimmanci don shigar da kewayawa ba.
Bayan haka, Cac da aka yi aiki - tsarin gaggawa ceton saman jannatin: An rarraba jirgin sama, da kuma capsule na musamman na shekara 170 a kowace awa. A lokacin faduwar, membobin jirgin sun sami mamayewar monstrous. Duk da cewa ƙirar ta tanadi don fis na musamman waɗanda dole ne sake saita alamu aƙalla 2-3 g (yana haɓaka free faɗuwa a saman ƙasa), kawai miyagun halin.
"A kan cosmoderome, sadaukar da lambar sadarwa ta hanyar, gane cewa overload zai iya rikitar da mu, wasu sakanana ta kai 26," Lazarev ya ambata daga baya.A sakamakon haka, ba wanda aka kashe (ba abin mamaki da aka zaɓi 'yan saman jannati da ƙarfi ba, amma lalacewar lafiyar cosmonuts ta kasance tauhidi. A cikin horo a kan centrifuge, an gwada su ba fiye da 10 g, kuma sakamakon tasirin nauyin, a cikin 2 da fiye da sau uku ya sami ɗan asarar wahayi da tsayawa na ɗan gajeren lokaci na zuciya.
Saukowa kuma ya fito ba taushi. Capsule ya fadi a cikin duwatsun Altai a kan ruffed gangare na dutsen, da makarova tare da Lazarev ya ceci kawai gaskiyar cewa daya daga cikin sarkewa ya fadi akan itaciyar. Don haka a yayin jirgin ruwa guda na jirgin ya guji mutuwa sau biyu.
Cosmonas sun yi nasarar fita daga Capaske da kuma kunna wuta a kan wani yanki na kare kayan dadewa a saman harsashi na injin. A cikin ƙasa da suka sami kansu sun kasance da wahalar samu da kuma dauke su a kan jirgin da aka dauke da helikafta kawai gobe.
Bisa hukuma, jagoranci ya sanar da cewa "Comrades ya yi Lazarev da Makarov na gamshi." A waje, komai yayi kyau sosai tare da su, amma a zahiri bayan jirgin saman jannati bai fara bin cutar guda ɗaya bayan wani ba. Musamman wuya, gwajin ya bayyana a cikin zuciya, wanda daga baya, a cikin shekaru bal shekara, shine dalilin mutuwar duka biyu.
Oleg Grigorievich, duk da haka, bayan hakan ya tashi zuwa cikin sarari don wani sau biyu - a 1978, tare da V. A. Janibar a cikin Crew na M. Strakalov. Takaddun balaguron sun wuce cikin yanayin al'ada da tsada ba tare da matsala ba, amma jirgin na uku ya zama na ƙarshe a cikin aikin Makarov. Ya kasance mai ban sha'awa hadaddun ragon tsawon kwanaki 13, manufar wacce ke gyara tsarin Thermororegulation akan tashar ta dogon lokaci.
Don aikinsa a cikin sararin Makarov, an bayar da umarni 4 na Lenin, 2 umarni na "Star Golden" da taken "Cosmonut na USSR". Bayan tashi daga rayuwarsa, Oleg Grigorivich ya dauki kimiyyar kimiyya kuma ya kare rubutunsa. A karshe an fitar da shi daga wasan Cosmonout a 1986, kuma ya koma zuwa ayyukan injiniya zuwa ga Otengle Oficin sa, inda ya fito daga baya ya karbi matsayin mataimakin shugaban.
Rayuwar sirri
Oleg Makonov ya yi aure, rayuwarsa ta sirri ta kasance cikin nutsuwa kuma lafiya. Matarsa ya zama Valentina Soldatov, wanda ya yi aiki tare a OMB-1. Sun hadu a shekarar 1960 kuma sun yi aure, kuma a cikin shekara guda an haife shi. Tare da matarsa Valentina ta tashe yara biyu - 'ya'yan Constantine da Leonid.Mutuwa
Abubuwan da aka tura a cikin matasa sun haifar da matsalolin zuciya. A shekarar 1998, Oleg Grigorievich ya ji rauni, amma ba zai iya murmurewa ba bayan ta. A ranar 28 ga Mayu, 2003, a yankin Moscow, ya mutu saboda bugun zuciya. Sanannen cosmonut da injiniyan ya kasance shekara 71.
Jikin Makarov ya binne shi a gidan Ostankinsky hurumi a Moscow. A cikin garinsu, ubangijin da ubangidan da tagulla na tagulla, da a makaranta, inda ya yi nazarin plaver abin tunawa. Bayan mutuwar eleg Grigorievich, akwai bayanan da yawa da hotuna, wanda danginsa tare da tsoffin abokan aiki daga OkBonutics rudani.
Titles da Kyauta
- 2 lambobin yabo "na zinare" gwarzo na Soviet Union
- 4 odar Lenin
- Odar "shudi Nile" (Ethiopia)
- Cosmonut Pilot USSR
- Mutunta ɗan biranen Jazazggan, Rivne, Yakutsk