Chiphunzitso
Jackson Polick ndi wojambula waku America, woimira gulu lodziwika bwino la ma XX m'zaka za zana la XX, lomwe limadziwika kuti ndi mawonekedwe apadera a drip. Pokhala mbuye wake wotchuka wa mbadwo wake, wopwetekayo adasiya choimira chosungidwa m'magulu aboma ndikuwonetsa pakufotokozera kwa malo osungirako zaluso.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Paul Jackson Polock adabadwa pa Januware 29, 1912 mu mzinda waku America ku Cody, Wyoming City, mu banja lalikulu la Presbyterian of Stalla Melock. Bambo wa ojambula mtsogolo anali mlimi ndi Amermer, ndi amayi, akupitiliza miyambo yabanja, inali yolumikizidwa.
Muzachilendo wa Jackson ndi abale, choyamba ku Arizona, kenako kupita ku California. Mu achinyamata, polock anali ndi chidwi ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu aku America, akuyenda ndi abambo ake ku dzikolo.
Mu 1928, atayesetsa kwambiri kuti agwire ntchito, mnyamatayo adalowa sukulu ya Los Angeles ya zaluso za Arts, komwe adakumana ndi kubereka ndi zamatsenga. Mu malo ophunzirira, Jacckson adakhala nthawi yayitali, adasiyidwa kuti azunza mowa komanso machitidwe osakhutiritsa.
Mu 1930, mkulu mdzi wa Charles atasamukira ku New York pansi pa chiyambi cha Thomas Hart Bention, omwe amagwira ntchito mgodi wa aluso. Mimbulu yakumidzi ya ntchito za mphunzitsi sanasamale za Jackson, koma njira yosinthira mtundu ndi mawonekedwe odziyimira pawokha a zojambulazo pa ntchito yamtsogolo.
Zojambula
Wodzozedwera ndi ntchito ya ku Mexico Murilsista Mulda David Alfaro Sikes, polock adayamba kugwira ntchito yoyesera ku New York, komwe adatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yogwiritsira ntchito utoto wamadzimadzi, womwe wakhala khadi la bizinesi ya Wizard. Kuyambira mu 1938 mpaka 1942, Jackson adatenga nawo gawo mu dipatimenti ya Federal of Federal of Courth Enterction of the United States, mofananamo, ndikudutsa chithandizo chamankhwala.
Pakukonzanso, associatristristristristristristristristristristristristristristristy they a Henderon, wotsatira njira yowunikira ya Karl Hing, adalimbikitsa changu cha wojambulajambula, adapanga njira yojambula. Zomwe zimapangitsa njirayi zakhudza ntchito za wojambulayo, monga "mwezi wa" mwezi "ndi" nkhandwe "yolembedwa mu 1942 ndi 1943.
Zojambula zodziwika bwino ndi mbuye zidapangidwa mu "Drup nthawi" pakati pa 1947 ndi 1950. Pakadali pano, wojambulayo adasonkhezeredwa ndi ntchito za Thomas Hart Benton, Pablo Picasso ndi Joan Miro. Anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito ma exmels, zotumphukira pa zitsulo zopangidwa m'malo mwa zojambulajambula zachikhalidwe. Jackson adalemba mabulosi ogwiritsiridwa ntchito, machenjere ndi masirisi kuti mudzithirire.
Kutsatira ntchito yopanga utoto waku India, pollock sikunakhalepo chovala pansi kuti athe kuyendayenda momasuka. Njira yopanga zokopa sizinaganize bwino mitundu ndi mitundu, ojambulawa amadziwa bwino momwe izi zingaoneke. Kuponya, kuthira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, Jackson kunasunthira mwamphamvu pa canvas, pafupifupi ngati kuvina, ndipo sanayime mpaka atawona zomwe akufuna kuwona zomwe akufuna kuwona. Njira yotchedwa "kupatsirana utoto" ndi dzanja lowala la wolemba mbiri wakale Harold Rosentberg.
Mu 1950, mtolayo wachichepere wa Hans Machda amapanga chithunzi cha polock pogwira ntchito. Magazini yodabwitsayi idasindikizidwa m'magazini ya "Magazini ya Art". Pofuna kuwona ntchitozo ngati utoto, Jackson anakananso mayina ndikuyamba kuwerengetsa ntchito yake mothandizidwa ndi manambala, osakankha wowonera paukadaulo wa wolemba.
Webusayiti "Ayi. 5.1948" Choyamba, chiwonetsero cha ma Parsons pandekha, adalembedwa ndi utoto wamadzimadzi, zofiirira, zoyera komanso zachikasu ndipo zidadziwika kuti chisa cha mbalame. Mu 2006, idagulitsidwa kuti ikhale $ 140 miliyoni ndikukhala imodzi mwazithunzi zokwera mtengo kwambiri za munthu wonena za American.
Mu 2015, mbiri ya mtengo wa ntchitoyo idasweka ndi ntchito "nambala ya 17a" yogulitsidwa ndi wogulitsa ndi Philanthropus Kenneth K. Griffn kwa $ 200 miliyoni.
Pafupifupi ulemerero Wake, polockly mwadzidzidzi adasiyidwa njira yoledzera, amadzipangitsa kuti asungunuke yekha. Anapanga njira yatsopano yojambula, yomwe imaphatikizirana ndi robulies. Zithunzi zolembedwa mu Canvas sizinapangidwe, zidapanga chithunzi chosangalatsa. Osubadira ndi osonkhetsa sanayamikire kusintha kwa kalembedwe ka ojambula, palibe ntchito yomwe idagulitsidwa kuchokera ku zakuda zakuda.
Mu 1952, polololoy adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito utoto. Anakhazikika pamwambo wamalonda wa Sydney Janis, komwe adalenga ntchito za "Isitala ndi Totem" ndi "Nyanja ya Ocean", yomwe idatsitsimutsanso ntchito ya zojambulajambula. Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino za polilolole zinakhala chithunzicho "mitengo yabuluu", yotchedwa "nambala 11".
Mu 1973, ichi chinali nsalu ya 212.1 masentimita a 488.9 cm adapeza malo omwe dziko la Australia. Kusaka kwa anthu kuti pakhale madola osakwera kwambiri (madola mamiliyoni 1.3), koma patapita nthawi atakhala chiwonetsero chodziwika bwino cha malo owonetserawo.
Pamapeto pa moyo wake, wojambulayo adayesa ndi ma aya a waya, gauze ndi gypsum ndi mawonekedwe opangidwa ndi kujambula. M'chaka cha kufa kwa pollock sanalembe chithunzi chimodzi. Zithunzi zapamwamba zaposachedwa za Jackson zinakhala "fungo" ndi "kusaka" canvas, adapangidwa mu 1955.
Moyo Wanu
Mu 1942, pa chimodzi mwa ziwonetserozi, zojambula za pollock zidakhala ndi chidwi ndi ojambula - osagwirizana ngati krasner. Anapita kukaona zojambulajambula, tikufuna kudziwa ntchito ndi Mlengi wawo.
Pambuyo pa zaka 3, mu Okutobala 1945, Jackson ndi Lee adakwatirana ndikukhazikika akasupe, kunja kwa kum'mawa kwa Hampton. Anagula nyumba yamatabwa ndi nkhokwe, pomwe poclock adakonza zokambirana. Krasner adagwira ntchito kuchipinda cha 2nd pansi. M'zaka zoyambirira za ukwati, omwe angokwatirana kumene ankakhala nthawi yayitali limodzi, panthawi yawo yaulere pamodzi, nthawi yawo yaulere yomwe anali kulima dimba komanso kuphika, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito maphwando kwa anzawo. Kunalibe ana kuchokera kwa awiriwo.
Pankhope ya mkazi wake, wojambulayo adapeza mnzake wokhulupirika komanso wachikondi wa moyo, yemwe adaponya ntchito yake ndipo amalekerera khwala komanso nkhanza za mwamuna wake. Poganizira za Jackson mu mbuye wolemekezeka, kaya anayesa kukonza ntchito yake, amagwira ntchito za ziwonetsero, zokumana ndi otola. Anali amene anawadziwa bwino ndi peggy guggenheim, Mlengi wa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale za luso la anthu amakono, lomwe linakhala wokonzekera chiwonetsero choyamba cha American.
Krasner adaletsa mwamuna wake kuti atatsala pang'ono kucha mowa, womwe udachitika nthawi ya kukhumudwa, adawudyetsa, adawona maonekedwe ake ndikuchotsa moyo wake panjira iliyonse. Zoyesayesa zonse zinali pachabe. Mayi wina atawonekera ku Midfalon - Rute Karlin, ndi Krasner adasiya mwamuna wake.
Pambuyo pa chisudzulo mu 1956, zithunzi za mu pollock idayamba pafupipafupi. Kutayika kwa mkazi wake kunayambitsa kupsinjika, komwe wojambulayo anakhomedwa. Pambuyo pa milungu itatu ya Sosaite, Jackson adakankhira muzu kuchokera kunyumba yake yomwe akasupe ndipo adatsala yekha.
Imfa
Wojambulayo adadandaula kwambiri za kusiyana ndi Krasner ndi kuferedwa kwa Kringman. Adadzitsetsereka yekha, adayamba kuchepa mphamvu. Pa Ogasiti 11, 1956, pofuna kukhazikitsa ubale, Ruth adabwera kwa wojambulayo kumapeto kwa sabata limodzi ndi mnzake Edith ndikumuitana kuti apite kuphwando.
Poledzera, polockyo anakhala pansi pa gudumu la cabriolet ndipo sanapirire ndi ulamuliro. Oldsmobil adanyamuka ndikugwedezeka. Klingman yekhayo amene anapulumuka pangozi, yomwe idatuluka m'galimoto. Choyambitsa imfa ya Jackson lidamenyedwa ndi mtengo womwe uli ulipo wapafupi.
Amphamvu adayikidwa m'manda m'manda, m'mphepete mwa manda, m'manda obiriwira, m'manda odziwika ndi mulu waukulu wokhala ndi mbale yosaiwalika.
Lee Krasner adasamalira kasamalidwe ka katundu wa aluso, adathandizira mbiri yake.
Mu 2000, kanema waluso "Polock" adatulutsidwa pamiyala ya kanema, odzipereka ku Bivecogy ya Omwe adawayankha. Maudindo akulu pachithunzipa adachitidwa ndi Ed Harris ndi Marsha Gay.
Chosangalatsa chakuti ntchito ina ya filimu yokhudza moyo wa wojambula, kutengera kukumbukira pakamwa, zomwe zidapangidwa ku Hollywood. Zithunzi za pololock ndi krasner iyenera kukhala yodziwika kuti Robert de Niro, yemwe makolo ake anali abwenzi omwe anali ndi Jackson, ndi Barbara Streight.
Zojambula
- 1942 - "Amuna ndi Akazi"
- 1943 - "Mwezi wa Mwezi" ("Mwezi Wodula Mwezi Wodula")
- 1943 - "nkhandwe"
- 1947 - "
- 1948 - "№ 5, 1948"
- 1948 - "Nambala 8"
- 1950 - "Nyimbo Za AutumnM"
- 1953 - "Isitala ndi Totem"
- 1953 - "Nyanja ya Ocean"
- 1953 - "Kuya"