Ubuzima
Umuhanzi w'Ubuholandi Pete Mondrian yahagaze ku nkomoko yo gushushanya abstract, yari ishingiye ku ibara rishingiye ku mibonano mpuzabitsina ryateje ubumwe no kuzura. Ibishushanyo byayo byari bigizwe na geometrically gukosora kandi byakozwe muburyo bushya bwitwa neoplasticism.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Ubuzima bwa Peter Corlineis Mondrian yatangiye ku ya 7 Werurwe 1872 kuva mu nkiba mu mujyi wa Amersfour w'Ubuholandi mu muryango wubwenge mu muryango wubwenge. Papa yakoraga nk'umwarimu w'ubuhanzi bwiza no gushushanya, kandi bidatinze umuhungu we aba umuyobozi mu ishuri ryaho.
Amasomo yambere kuri gahunda no gushushanya umuhungu yakiriye umubyeyi na nyirarume, ni umunyeshuri wa villem Maris, wakoraga muburyo bwo gutanga ibitekerezo. Kubwibyo, amashusho y'abana yatandukanijwe n'abakire kandi yuzuye amabara kandi, ukurikije abajyanama, umunezero n'icyizere n'icyizere n'icyizere nacyo.
Ubu buryo ntibwabujije imigenzo y'Abaporotesitanti, hakurikijwe umuhanzi n'abandi bana bato. Ariko ibi byagaragaye mubushakashatsi mu ishuri ryubuhanzi bwiza muri Amsterdam, aho imyitwarire igereranijwe yashimye abarimu.
Igikorwa cyabanyeshuri cya Peter Cornelis cyarimo amashusho yubushumba bwUbuholandi kandi bwuzuyemo amashusho yumuyaga, imirima n'inzuzi. Byaremwe mubikorwa byangiza ibintu nibintu biranga ishuri rya La Haye, kandi byari guhuza tekinike zitandukanye zubuhanzi.
Nyuma yaho, umurangi ukiri muto washimishijwe nubuhanga bwubusobanuro bwa pointellism, bwatumye ibintu byoroshe no gutererana ibyifuzo. Mumurikagurisha ryakozwe mu nzu ndangamurage, yerekanye "urusyo rutukura", "ibiti kuri heine mu mucyo w'ukwezi" ndetse n'ibindi bishushanyo bitari kare.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu heme, Pete Mondrian yinjiye mu buhanzi, ntabwo rero yari afite ku giti cye, kandi nta mugore cyangwa abana yari afite. Uregwa n'amafoto yo kubara, Shebuja avugana n'abagore mu Buholandi n'Ubufaransa, ariko igice kinini cyimyidagaduro cyabereye muri bagenzi n'inshuti.Gushushanya
Guhanga kwa Mondrian byari bishingiye ku nyigisho za filozofiya yo mu mwuka yayoboye Elena Blavatskaya, Umwanditsi w'igitabo "Ijwi ryo guceceka". Yabaye umuhanga mu bya tewolofiya yemeje ko arema ibihangano by'ejo hazaza, birimo ibintu byo gukuramo no kubona izina rya neoplastique.
Kuva mu mpera za 1900, Pete yashushanyije imiterere ya geometrike, yakoraga ibintu muburyo bwindege. Ngiyo mashusho "izuba", "Isumba muri Zelande" n "" Ubwihindurize ", ubu ibitswe mu nzu ndangamurage n'ibisasu byihariye.
Kugerageza igicucu, Mondon yajugunye ishusho uhagarariye kandi yimukiye kure yumuryango washyizwe mu gitekerezo cya postpressism. Yahuye n'abaholandi bashya ba Barta Van der Lekom na Teo Wang Dosburg bashinga abanditsi bigenga sosiyete, bazwi nka de steyl, cyangwa "imiterere".
Mu kinyamakuru cy'ubuhanzi cy'izina ry'ubuhanzi, umurangi wagaragaje amahame ya neoplasticism, yari ashingiye ku mabara n'indege zateremye ubwiza bufite ubwenge. Binyuze mumirongo itambitse kandi ihagaritse, injyana yumurimo wubuhanzi yagaragaye, yakozwe nubushishozi kandi yerekana ubwumvikane kandi byoroshye.
Mu myaka ya za 1920, urwobo rwashimangiye igitekerezo kandi ushireho urukurikirane rwa Mesh Carvase ukoresheje amabara yibanze. Igipimo kizwi cyane "hamwe numutuku, umuhondo nubururu", "ahantu hashobora", "umutwe" na "Ibigize Umuhondo" byagaragaye.
Buhoro buhoro, umuhanzi yahinduye imirongo yirabura yirabura kandi hafi ya selile yamabara yatereranye neza. Yashyizeho amashusho kandi akaba yarangije yumvikana, yazanye umwanditsi gukundwa no kubaha abo mu gihe.
Mu 1965, hashize imyaka 20 Urupfu rwa Mondrian, ibitekerezo bye byakoresheje umushushanya imyenda Yerekana Saint-Laurent mumyenda. Yakoze imyambarire ishingiye ku iyplastique ya neoplastique, ikekwaho elegance na Grace batsindiye imitima y'abagore.
Igitekerezo cy'Abaholandi cyagaragaye mu murimo w'Ubuhanzi w'Uburusiya Casimir Malevich, na we wakoranye uburyo bukwiye kandi arema imigendekere y'ikirenga. Mu myaka ya za 1930, geometrie yinjiye mu buzima bwa Kasinsky cyane kandi yigaragaza mu gushushanya "uburemere", "indishyi z'ijimye" na "abagize X".
Urupfu
Impamvu y'urupfu rw'umuhanzi w'Ubuholandi ku ya 1 Gashyantare 1944 rwari uburyo bworoshye bwa pneumoniya, bwaravutse nyuma yo kwimukira muri Amerika. Nyuma yo gushyingura ku irimbi rya New York muri imwe mu mpaka ziherereye i Manhattan, serivisi y'urwibutso no gufungura Urwibutso.Gushushanya
- 1899 - "Ubwato bwamanutse. Izuba"
- 1904 - "Umurima muto muri Nistelrod"
- 1906 - 1907 - "Urusengiyi kuri Heina"
- 1908 - "Umuyaga mu zuba"
- 1909 - "Reba imitako ifite inyanja na pier"
- 1910 - 1911 - "Uruganda rutukura"
- 1911 - "Igiti Cyiza"
- 1917 - "Ibigize ibara A"
- 1918 - "Ibigize imvi nijimye.
- 1922 - "Ibigize hamwe n'umutuku, umuhondo n'ubururu"
- 1925 - "Ibigize Rhombike n'umutuku, umukara, ubururu n'umuhondo"
- 1930 - "Ibigize hamwe na Stain yumuhondo"
- 1939 - 1943 - "Trafalgar Square"
- 1942 - 1943 - "Bougie Vui muri Broadway"