Uma kukhulunywa ngama-helikopta, umuntu ongenayo indiza encane, lapho abantu abangama-4-5 bazongena kwikhabethe. Bakhona futhi, kepha batholwa ngezinhloso zomuntu siqu. Isisindo sabo singaba ngu-115-200 kg. Ngasikhathi sinye, indiza enophephela emhlane enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni inesisindo esingu-105 amathani. Ibizwa nge-MI-12, noma "Homer".
Ekwakhiweni kwendiza enophephela emhlane namaqiniso athakazelisayo - ezintweni zokuhlela 24cm.
Izici zokwenza umklamo
I-MI-12 - Champion phakathi kwezindiza ezinophephela emhlane ezinkulu. Kuyinto enzima kakhulu futhi ephakamisa umthwalo emhlabeni. Ngo-1959, umhlangano wakhe waqala. E-USSR ngalesi sikhathi badale amabutho rocket. Amabhande okuqala akhiwe kude ne-Airfield ukugwema ukunakwa kwabaphikisi. Amasosha abhekana nenkinga: Ukulethwa kwe-rocket ye-ballic engabekezeleleki kusuka esitshalweni kuya esizeni. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwakungekho ndiza noma indiza enophephela emhlane, eyayizoba namandla okulayisha amathani angama-40-50. UMkhandlu WeziNgqongqoshe be-USSR wayala i-Design Bureau ukudala idivaysi enjalo."Homer" udale umklami weSoviet Mikhail Miles. Imoto ngayinye yaba yindlala yobuhlakani. Amamayela akhiwe kufaka phakathi lelo ndiza elalizophinda kabili lapho lidala ama-applatus amakhulu kunawo wonke. Emqhudelwaneni ekwakhiweni kwekusasa lesikhathi esizayo mi-12 12, ama-bureaus ambalwa athi, kepha izwe elidumile lomhlaba lamsiza ukuba aphumelele.
Ukwenza iphrojekthi eshibhile, abadali bathathe isinqumo sokuphinda kabili amaqembu okuzala ama-MI-6. Sebevele baphumelele izivivinyo futhi bakhiqizwa ngokulethe. Imodeli ye-helikopta ye-carpor cargo ngumshini wokubanjwa owesine, owakhiwe ngesifunda esiguqukayo ngezikulufo ezimbili. Ngiwuthande umbono wokubonakala kwe-mi-12 yilowo nalowo mkhulu, ngoba manje nganoma yisiphi isikhathi awukwazi ukuthwala hhayi kuphela inqubo yezempi nengasindi, kodwa futhi namathangi.
Okokuqala, abaklami abasebenza eqenjini uMikhail Leonyevich banquma ukudala idivaysi kuhlelo olude, kodwa kwavela izinkinga. I-fuselage izoba yinhle futhi inde, akazange alinganise izidingo zobuchwepheshe nezobuchwepheshe. Ngemuva kokuthi iqembu lihlaziye ukusebenza komjikelezo omude, kwavela ukuthi kuyisivinini esiphansi kuphela nokugaya. Uma izinjini ezi-2 zenqatshwa, indiza enophephela emhlane izoqhubeka nokuhamba. Ngisho nezimo zezulu zabathonya umsebenzi wakhe: izinga lokushisa lomoya ongaphandle lalikhipha. Kusuka kuhlelo olude lwenqatshiwe.
Ukucacisa
Izici zezokuthutha ze-Mi-12 Helikopta zishaye umhlaba wonke. Indiza yokuqala yenzeka ngoJulayi 10, 1968. Ngemuva konyaka, insiza yaphakamisa imithwalo enesisindo esinesisindo esingu-44, leli rekhodi aliphuli kuze kube manje. Ibanga lendiza mi-12 - 500 km, nejubane - 260 km / h. Eminyakeni engu-5 nje, umklami wadala i- "Makhina" ezindizayo, obekulokhu kubhekwa njengophawu lwe-USSR. Uma ufingqa amandla wazo zonke izinjini ezi-4, kuvela amahhashi ayizinkulungwane ezingama-26.
Indiza yokuqala yacishe yaphendukela enkingeni, ngoba ukunyuka kwendiza enophephela emhlane kwaphelelwa amandla okulawula. Test Pilot V.P. U-HortKo wenza ukuqina okuqinile kusuka ekuphakameni kwamamitha ayi-10. Ngenxa yalokho, umugqa wendiza wawa. Imoto ebabazekayo, eyenziwe ngabaseRussia, "ukusika" iso laseYurophu, ngakho abezindaba zakwamanye amazwe babhala ukuthi yonke indiza enophephela emhlane "yahlukana". Isizathu sokungasebenzi kahle awenziwanga iqiniso, ngoba akuwona wonke ukutholwa kwesayensi okwenziwe ngaleso sikhathi. Ngemuva kwamahora ama-2-3 kamuva, umklami waqonda ukuthi lokho kungasebenzi kahle, kepha kwathatha unyaka wakhe wokuqeda.
I-wiring yohlelo lokulawula lwedivayisi yenziwa luqinile. E-Stabilizer, kuvakashelwe i-keel eyengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, uMdali wasusa iphutha, kwathi ngo-December 1968 indiza enophephela emhlane yenza ukuphakama okuthe mpo. Ukuze athuthukise izici zokushayela umshayeli, amaphiko ayene-angle ye-transversev v. Kwenziwa indawo ekhethini lempahla ngesimo seHemocock. I-Front itholakala amakhabethe anezitezi ezimbili. Yakhelwe abantu abangu-6: phezulu - umgibeli kanye ne-brudist, futhi ezansi - 2 Pilots kanye no-2 Borthelika.
Ama-Flaps aseceleni afakwe emsileni engxenyeni, lapho inqubo esindayo ihanjiswa khona ebhodini. Ekhefini lempahla lizofanela amasosha angama-200, usayizi walo muhle kakhulu. Izinhlelo zokuzulazula zisize ukulawula indiza enophephela emhlane ngesikhathi sezinhlekelele zemvelo nezimo eziyingozi ze-meteo.
Amangalisayo aseMelika
Ngo-1971, omoyeni show Le Bourget, i-MI-12 helikopta yeba zonke izivakashi. Abantu baseMelika abalethe i-boeing vertol CH-46 abafihli. Batshale imali ekukhangiseni amandla nemali, kodwa imoto yabo ngaphansi kwezinkomba zezobuchwepheshe eziphansi kwimishini yamamayela. Ukulinganisa ukutholakala, amakhulu abantu abhalwe phansi. Phakathi kwazo kwakuyindodana yomklami waseRussia uSergei Sikarsky. Uveze ukuthi lokhu kuwukuphumelela kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe okungafani nanoma yini.Ngoba umsebenzi owenziwe, imayela yanikezwa umklomelo I.i. Siksky. Umqambi akazange aphile ngaphambi kokwethulwa, ngoba ngonyaka ophambi kwalo wafa. Wayeneminyaka engama-60 ubudala, kwenzeka. Ngenxa yengcindezi engapheli, impilo kaMikhail Mila yacwila. Waseduze nenhliziyo yokwehluleka okuhambisana nokusungula kwayo. Ukundiza kokuqala kwehluleka kwaMi-12 kwezwa kanzima, wayekhathazekile ngezinyanga. Umzimba awuzange ume kagesi njalo.
Ama-MI-12 afakiwe amarekhodi omhlaba angu-7, iningi lawo alikashaywa. Ukuhlolwa kwefekthri okudlule kuyo yonke indiza, "Homer" kwaphumelela. Wandiza amahlandla ayi-122 walengisa izikhathi ezingama-77 emoyeni. Lezi zivivinyo zifakazele ukuthembeka komklamo.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo
1. Uhulumeni waseSoviet akazange avume iphrojekthi yemayela. Kukholelwa ukuthi izidingo zomnotho wezwe zimbozwe yi-MI-6 ne-MI-10, kanti amasosha asevele enezimo zempi ezithuthukile ze-rocket ezinesisindo esingama-2-3 ngaphansi kwalezo zangaphambili. Izindleko zokwakha ezazibize ngeze.
2. Ngo-2009, inkampani yaseMelika ibike ukuthi ngesisekelo sesibonelo se-MI-12, asithenga eRussia, kwakhiwa ihhotela enophephela emhlane. Inezitezi ezi-4 nezinombolo eziyi-18. "UMulk" akazange athathe ngokungathi sína, njengoba waziwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, bekuyinto yokukhangisa yenkonzo ye-Intanethi.