Biography
Kuzma Petrova-vodkina, muimbi akashanda kuchinjana kwemapepa maviri, vakararama panguva iyoyo "vanonzi" Indian yeRussia icon icon Thering, ichave mune ramangwana. " Mabhandi epareji haana kungoonesa chete chipo, asiwo hupombwe nekuuya. Uye zvakare yakakonzera fan yefani uye vatsoropodzi. Yekutanga yakataurwa pamusoro peizvo hunyanzvi, kuzivikanwa uye zvakadzama, vamwe - izvo zvingave zviri nani kuPetrov-vodkin, sezvinoda kushanda njanji kana kuenderera mberi neBhizinesi remhuri uye kuenderera mberi neboka remhuri uye rikava shouker.Huhu
Muchengeti wenguva yemberi akaberekerwa kuchamhembe kwedunhu rechiSartov, mutaundi reSharsk, riri pabhangi rekurudyi reVolga. Mhuri yePetrov-Vodkina "yakava mukurumbira we" nateguru wavo, fan ye "When" naPetro. Sekuru vasekuru muKhmlya vakabayira mumwe wavo negropi korona, uye maawa mashoma gare gare, uye akazvifira. Kubva ipapo, vana vaPetro vakanzi Prrov, ipapo vodkoe.
Muimbi akaenda kune "nhaka" surname kaviri, kwete kukudzwa uye kuyeuchidza dambudziko remhuri. Baba vaSytery, Sergey petrovich, vagamuchira "kushandira" kubva kune vanokundikana kufanotaura, yaive yakasarudzika uye yakanyanya kuwanda muguta reSapozhnik.
Kutanga kwekusika muKarisma Native kucherechedzwa muhuduku. Iye mukomana akaudza kusuwa kusiri kushungurudzika kuti vateereri vakatenda kuti vatende. Traction yekudhirowa zvakare yakazviratidzawo mumakore ekutanga. Fan yekutanga yekugadzira muzukuru yaive ambuya arina. Nzvimbo, dzakapendwa naKazma nemafuta pendi mune chidimbu chekukurumidza, mukadzi akatenderwa uye akazvishongedza neguva revaGravhy Fyodor.
"Mufananidzo wechipiri" wePetro-vodkina akashongedza gomba remiteji. Ino nguva - mukutenda kwehupenyu hwakaponeswa. Kuzma akatengwa muVolga, asi akadurura kure, uye akabva abva nesimba rake, akatanga kunyura. Kuchengetera mukomana Carrier Ilya Zakharar, uyo akakwanisa kushambira nechikepe.
Mushure mevhiki, Zakarov, kuchengetedza iyo inotevera inobatwa nemafungu, akanyudza iye. Volga ne chikepe chidiki chechitakuri nemisoro yekunyura yakazvipira kumubheya munun'una, "yekutanga" ye "bhandi remuranda, rakadhonzwa pane volga tin tin ndiro.
Kuzma Petrov-vodkin akadzidza muchikoro chekirasi yechina. Ikoko ndakajairana neiyo icon pendi uye ndakaedza kudzokorora kwakaonekwa. Basa rekutanga harina kubvuma mupristi: Amai vaMwari vakazoita kuti rive rakanyudzwa kwazvo, rakafanana neRusti-Banchi-dzakapfeka dzepanyika.
Muna 1893, achipedza chikoro ichi, petrov-vodkin akaenda kuSamara kuti aenderere mberi nedzidzo uye anogashira hunyanzvi hwenhandare yetanhatu. Bvunzo dzema dzakakundikana, asi kwete kuvhiringidzika uye kupinda muchikoro chekurapa feor Brov. Mushure memakore maviri, Feor Emlyanovich akafa, vadzidzi vakanyungudutswa. Pairater ane makore 15 akadzokera kumba.
Iyo nzira inoenda kuhunyanzvi hwemwanakomana wemwanakomana weOlympus yakavhurwa naAmai, murandakadzi mune yevatengesi imba yemachira. Akaratidza basa reKarisma kuenda kuRuvaki Robert-Friedrich Melzer pakukoka kwehondo. Mukomana anokanganiswa netarenda, mugadziri aive nerombo rakanaka kune wechidiki wekurwadziwa muSt. Petersburg uye akabatsira nekubvumirwa kuchikoro chekukwevera kwehunyanzvi hweStiglitz.
Madzinza uye anotsigira emunyika yemagirazi aive vatengesi veKazarina. Vakabhadhara imba uye vanodzidza kuzma.
Kupenda
MuSt. Petersburg, nzvimbo yekugadzira biography yekupenda iri kukura nekukurumidza. Chiitiko chakawana muPialyansks chakabatsira: Petrov-vodkin akagadzira sketch yemhandara Maria nemwana wechechi yeChechi yeOrthoPedic Institute. Kuti ashandure sketch yeiyo icon muhomwe, muimbi akaenda kuEngland, kufekitori. Panel muMaMagolika ndopona nanhasi.
Muna 1987, Kuzma Petrov-vodkin vakatamira kuMoscow, kwaakava mudzidzi wechikoro chekupenda, anotyisa nekuvaka. Akadzidza pasi peValentina Serov. Muna 1900, akashanda pachirimwa chekugadzira ceramics mumusha wemusha weAlsvatsky pedyo neMoscow. Chikoro ichi ndokupedzisa muna 1905.
Kubva ndichiri mudiki, jaya rinowanzoitika kune adventures uye adventures kushanyira Europe, asi pakanga pasina mari yerwendo. Yakabatsira nyaya yacho. MuPorofita reMetropolitan Kuzma Petrov-vodkin akaona chiziviso chekuti kuchikudza kuti vakunde nzira kubva kuMoscow kuenda kuParis iri bhasikoro rinobhadhara rumwe rwendo kuburikidza nemaguta eEurope.
Mujaya wechidiki anokurudzira shamwari kuti aite kambani ndokuenda munzira. Vakasangana kuGermany, havana simba rakakwana kune ramangwana. MuMunich, iyo Russian Permer yaive neLuley: Shamwari dzakaunganidza mari yekubhadhara chikoro chemwedzi miviri yekudzidza kuAnton hunyanzvi, Igor grabar uye kusuwa kandinsky panguva imwe chete.
Kurota kwacho kwakadzungaira mumigwagwa yeParis muna 1905. Kwemakore matatu, petrov-vodkin vakatora zvidzidzo munzvimbo dzakazvimiririra. Mumakore awa, akashanyira Italia neNorth Africa, akafuridzirwa ne "mhuri yeanotambudza", "mukomana weAfrica", "Cafe" pane canvasi. Mwaka wapedza kuRussia, muna 1909, kuratidzwa kwekutanga kwekurapa kwakaitika.
Muna 1910, petrov-vodkin akapa nyika iyo nyika ye "Kurara", iyo yakakonzera hurukuro ine dutu uye nyonganiso munharaunda. Pane canvas inoratidza vakadzi vasina nyuchi, vaitarisa murume akarara asina kupfeka. Ilya Repin akapindura kubasa rekudzokorora kwepepanhau, asi Alexander Benua anonzi "kurara". Erotism iripo mune dzakawanda pendi nemhizha.
Muna 1912, chiratidzo chacho chakaratidza basa re "kugeza rekodhi" nekuchinja mafungiro ekurapa: Tenzi vakapindura vachiti: "Tarenda!".
Iyo pendi inonzi basa guru reKazma Sergeevich, iyo isinganzwisisike uye "yakawanda-layer". Nezve mavara uye zvakavanzika uye nhasi zvinopokana. Ivo vanoti canvas yakafuridzirwa neiyo Novgorod Icons yakanyorwa nevane Masters yeRussia. Ikoko vaive avo vakaona mumufananidzo mufananidzo weanomukira kuri kuuya. Iyo nyanzvi inochengeterwa muTytyakov Garari.
Mushure memakore matatu, Kuzma Petrov-vodkin vakafarira vadikani vevapikicha uye vateveri vanomiririra nechiratidzo chitsva - iyo "Hondo ye" nyota ". Art connoisseurs maonero emhando dzevatambi senge kumabvazuva hieroglyphs: chimwe nechimwe chazvo, uye zvese "verenga" pamwe chete serudzi rwe "mutsara".
Iyo nyanzvi yakanyorwa pakati pehondo yenyika yekutanga, zvinosiririsa nguva yeRussia yeRussia. Vateveri vechifananidzo vakaona vatasvi vaApocalypse vanoratidzwa nehondo uye vakabata kufanana nezviratidzo zvaJohani muBogoslov. Mukufunga kwavo, kuburikidza nekumiririra inomiririra, njodzi inoitika inoitika inofungidzirwa muVhangeri inoratidzwa mumufananidzo.
Mafane dzekusika prirova-vodkina akatenda muchipo chake chekufanotaura. Muna 1918 akauya nehupenyu hwacho hunonzi "herring". Kumusimudzira pakuseka nekuda kwehukuru hwechirongwa, iyo Artist Khmuro akapindura iyo yakashandurwa pane iyo canvas - mbopa 23 makore akasara muLanyrad kune zvinotyisa zviitiko.
Mugore neuto red iro murau, Rufu rweCommissioner ", rakaitwa nenhamo. Chisarudzo che ruvara uye kushamwaridzana kwematenzi emazambiringa e "spherical maonero" akafungidzirwa nevanyori vezvakaitika kare nevanoshanda navo petrova-voodkina.
Anopfuura makore mashanu kufa kwaKuma Petrov-vodkin apedza pikicha "1919. Kunetseka ". Inoratidza pekugara kwemushandi muguta rakabatwa nevarindi chena. Gamba renzvimbo iri kuvhiringidza mumvura yebhuruu kunze kwehwindo, kumashure kwake mhuri inopera. Kushungurudzika kunovandudzwa nemufananidzo wemwana wekurara.
Iyo canvas inodhonzwa muna 1934 uye, maererano nevaridzi vemabhuku, vakanga vanonzi "1919". Mugoveresi wehunyoro akanzwa kusimudzira maFlywheel weStalinist kudzvinyirirwa uye alarm iri kuwedzera munharaunda.
Shanduko yeKuma Petrov-voodkin yakagamuchirwa, yakanga isiri mhirizhonga uye, sezvazvakaita senge munhu wese, aive neutsinye hwekuchinja kwenyika yezano. Asi kana muimbi asingazove, akarembera nhaka yake: zviremera zvakangoerekana zvaitika zvekurapa zvaive zvichiitika muIcon pendi, uye yeSergevich akavanzwa zvimwe zvinoreva, zvisina kunaka kune simba reSoviet .
Hupenyu Hwako
MuParis, iye Petrov-ane makore ane makore 27 akasangana nemukadzi waaigara naye kusvika pakupera kwemazuva. Mara - mwanasikana wemuridzi weParis pension - akava mukadzi wacho akatendeka Maria Fedorovna. Muhofisi yeMayor yeguta guru reFrance, vachangobva kuchata vakapenda, uye mushure memakore maviri, muna 1908, vakaenda kuRussia.
Mukadzi womwanasikana waEreena akabereka kuKazma Ivanovich aine makore 37 apfuura. Pane chiitiko, muimbi akapindura nechido:
"Ndakanga ndiri hafu yemunhu asina kuzviona!" Iye zvino ndine izvo zvekurarama! ".Rufu
Muna 1928, vanachiremba vakarambidzwa naPetrov-vodkin kuti vashande nemapendi: evapoirati akakuvadza mwenje wakakanganisika.
Kuzma Ivanovich akatama kubva kuguta rekuchamhembe kumisha yevana, uko Alexei tolstoy, konstantin Fedin uye vakamukomba.
Muimbi akatorawo peni uye akanyora nyaya makumi maviri, gumi nematanhatu uye 3 dzidziso. Mberi mbiri petrov-vodkin yaive mune yekuburitsa imba, asi iyo isingaitwe "drevy" maxim gorky. Mushure mekutsoropodzwa kwemisungo yemuparidzi, magonhi akavharwa pamberi pavMairma Ivanovich.
Kwete mumiriri akajeka wemifananidzo uye postminess in-february 1939. Fungisaiyeiyedza makore makumi matanhatu, uye chikonzero cherufu chaive chibwe.
Pendi
- 1907 - "African Boy"
- 1910 - "Kurara"
- 1912 - "Kupenga kwebhiza tsvuku kugeza"
- 1915 - "Nyota Hondo"
- 1915 - "Vasikana paVolga"
- 1916 - "Pamutsetse wemoto"
- 1917 - "Mangwanani. BATTER »
- 1918 - "Selenk"
- 1918 - "Kuzvifunga"
- 1918 - "Mangwanani achiri hupenyu"
- 1920 - "1918 muPetrograd"
- 1922 - "Mufananidzo weA. A. Akhmatova"
- 1928 - "Rufu rweCommissier"
- 1934 - "1919. Kunetseka "
- 1934 - "Mufananidzo waV. I. Lenin"