Biography
Two talented humorous authors, in co-authors who wrote best-selling novels "twelve chairs" and "Golden calf", it is difficult to divide as Siamese twins. Ilf and Petrov, the decade that we did together, even the apologies written so that the connoisseurs of their creativity were not distinguished, the peru from them belongs to the head of the story "One-story America".
But each of the writers - their own life. However, in the biographies of two idols there is similarity: both bright, but short lives lived, in which hunger, war, devoted friendship, glory, persecution and tragic death.
Childhood and youth
Ilya Arnoldovich Ilf is an invented creative pseudonym of one of the "parents" of a charming fraudster of the Osta Bender. The present name of the writer is Jehiel-Liebe Arievich Finezilberg. He was born in the Black Sea Pearl - Odessa - in the fall of 1897.
Jehiel-Life - the third of their four heirs of Arie and Mindl Finzilberg. The head of the family, a modest servant of the Siberian shopping bank, dreamed of giving sons a decent education. Saul Senior Surveys saw an accountant, but after studying in a commercial school, Sandro Fazini was called and became an artist-a cubist (later moved to France, died in Auschwitz).
The second son - Moishe Aron - graduated from the school with honors, but repeated the experience of his brother and also went to art, signing the canvas with the creative pseudonym Mi-Fa.
Gorky experience and vainly spent money suggested Aria not to invest savings in the training of a third son in an expensive commercial school. Yoehiel-Liebe became a student of a craft school, where there was no "superfluous" (according to Old Arie), such as drawing. Father did not know that the lesson was hidden under the desktop of the book of Reddiard Kipling, Robert Stevenson and Anton Chekhov, who secretly read.
The 16-year-old young man received an education and pleased the Father: Passed the way from Tokary to Master of the Puppet Workshop, and in 1919 he sat down for accounting reports in the financial department of the provincial food provision made by the Red Army. Later, experience in the exercise of Ilya Ilf uses, describing events in the Hercules office in the "Golden Clean".
Father's crystal dreams crashed when 23-year-old Jehiel threw the service by announcing joining the Odessa "team of poets". Now the third offspring was called Ilya Ilf, connecting the first letters of the "old" difficult name in the names of the pseudonym.
Running forever, let's say that the fourth son justified the hopes of the Father: leaving his native surname, became a topograph. To the joy of Arie, art was not interested in Benjamin. In 1919, declared mobilization. Ilya Ilf has arrived at the national team with the novel Anatol France under the arm. About the military past, the writer told casual, but volume:
"I knew the fear of death, but silently, I was afraid silently and did not ask for help. I remember myself lying in wheat. The sun was paled in the back of the head, it was impossible to turn his head to not see what's so afraid. "After the war, the future novelist returned to Odessa, made the first steps in journalism and became a member of the Union of Poets.
Literature
In 1923, the future "father" of the brilliant combinator moved to Moscow: in Odessa, literary life was finally stolen. Valentin Kathaev helped with the first job: she became an eminent writer, he arranged a colleague on the Odessa poetic community in the newspaper "Bead".
Ilya Ilf was taken by the buser by anyone not read by the 4th band, entrusted to the processing of letters of slave. In the first weeks of the work, the legal officer turned the strip to the most popular, filled with caustic feuilleons on the evil day. Under slave notes, turned into fellietones, there were signatures of authors, but processed by Ilf, recognized instantly by aphoricity and thin sarcam.
Working in the newspaper brought the future novelist with Isaac Babel, Mikhail Bulgakov and Yury Olesey. Soon, Brother Kataeva appeared in the "beep" - Eugene. He took the creative pseudonym Petrov, not wanting to attract attention to related. So in Moscow, co-authors born in Odessa met. Work together began in 1927.
In 1928, Ilf was fired from the state of the state. He was gone and Petrov. Journalists sheltered the humorous weekly "Chudak", in which Ilya Ilfie led the department of literary reviews. Co-authors made joint reviews on film polishes and theatrical performances, putting the general creative pseudonym "Don Buzilio". Another pseudonym Ilf and Petrov - F. Tolstoevsky.
The novel "12 chairs" writers began to write in 1927. The starting point was the idea of Valentina Katava, who offered Ilfu and the youngest Petrov to work on him with "literary slaves." Mother threw into the authors an adventure plot, offering to think about the development of events around "treasure stools".
Ilya Ilf with the younger co-author was so fascinated by the writing of the adventurous chronicle, which turned into a novel, which refused to give the development of Kataev. He reading what was written, praised and offered to give in print. Roman saw the light in 1928 and brought the authors of glory.
In the same year, lovers of the humorous genre received another pleasant surprise from the novelists - a satirical story, published under the name "Bright Personality". The following year, grotesque novels published in the cycle "Unusual stories from the life of the city of Kolocolamsk" and the collection of NOVELL "1001 Day, or New Sharerazada".
In 1931, Ilya Ilf with the co-author presented the readers a new masterpiece - the continuation of the novel on the combinator, which was called the Golden Calf. The novel was published in the magazine "30 days", the book appeared 2 years later.
The works of Ilf and Petrov became the bestsellers of Soviet times, bringing the authors an incredible glory. But the literary critics and censors did not complain about witness novels, crowded with hints of non-ideal Soviet. "Punch" the publication of the "Golden Clean" helped Maxim Gorky. In the central newspapers, crushing articles appeared, but they did not interest the admirers of the talent of Odessa.
Peru Ilya Ilf and his associate belongs to dozens of stories, fechens and essays. According to their comedy, a melodrama "under the circus dome", filmed by the director Gregory Alexandrov and published in 1936 called "Circus". Love Orlova's film shone, but Ilf and Petrov demanded to remove their names from the titles: the script was changed, which the authors were not approved.
In the mid-1930s Ilya Ilf and Evgeny Petrov - the Pravda correspondents - went to the 4-month trip over the United States. The fruit of joint creativity was the book made up of disparaged essays and called "One-story America". She came out in 1936 and became the first joint writing written by the writers. Ilf and Petrov because of the illness of Ilya Arnoldovich wrote chapters, without meeting, but for 10 years of collaboration they had a single style.
Ilya Ilf presented readers wonderful "notebooks" - a diary, consisting of hundreds of aphorisms, essays, observations, funny phrases and sorrowful reflections recorded in 12 years. "Notebooks" saw the light after a solid reduction and censorship, but also in the abbreviated form of the aphorisms of Ilfire became covered.
An interesting fact of the biography of Odessa is his passion for photodel. Having acquired "Luke", Ilya Ilfe made thousands of photos, among them unique: the funeral of Vladimir Mayakovsky, the Church of Christ the Savior to the explosion and after, America (Ilfi photos illustrated), famous contemporaries - Writers Mikhail Bulgakov, Yuri Olesha, Joseph Utkin, Boris Pasternak .
Personal life
With the future wife of Masha - Maria Tarasenko - the writer met in his native Odessa. Masha was a student of a school of painting, in which Ilf's brother taught. The young artist fell in love with the teacher, but after acquaintance with Ilya surrendered under the pressure of his signs of attention and waves adoration.
After the departure of Ilya Ilf, a couple of 2 years twisted in Moscow - hundreds of touching, penetrated letters of letters were preserved. In one of the arrival of Mary in the capital, they got married. Soon we got a modest housing - a room in the house of the Sretensky Lane, next to the room of Yuri Oleshi and his wife. In 1935, the pair had a daughter Sasha, Alexander Ilyinichna Ilf.
Material well-being and apartment with antique furniture, housekeeper and nanny appeared from spouses after the release of the "twelve chairs". Long family happiness was prevented by the disease Ilya Ilf. He was an amazingly tender father, but he could not even once again hug a daughter, fearing to infect tuberculosis. He was not when Alexandra was 2 years old.
Death
After a trip in America in an open car, Ilya Ilfa aggravated the disease: tuberculosis diagnosed in the 1920s, opened and switched to acute form. Pain in the chest novelist felt in New Orleans. After coughing, I saw blood on the scarf.
After returning from America, Ilya Ilf has lived for another 2 years. But it could not live in the capital - heavened. Settled at the dacha in Kraskovo, where he wrote the chapters of the "One-story Moscow", walked over a pine forest.
When in the spring of 1937, 39-year-old Ilya Ilf buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery, his faithful friend and co-author uttered that it was his funeral. Petrov's friend survived for 5 years, killing under strange circumstances.
In 1948, a resolution of the Secretariat of Writers' Union was emerged, in which Ilf and Petrov novels called slander. 12 years have passed, while "12 chairs" allowed to republish. Researchers of creativity Ilf and Petrov suggest that the fate of writers, they live longer, could be tragic.
Bibliography
- 1928 - "Twelve Chairs"
- 1928 - "Unusual stories from the life of the city of Kolocolamsk"
- 1928 - "Bright Personality"
- 1929 - "1001 Day, or New Sharerazada"
- 1931 - "Golden Trank"
- 1936 - "Once in the summer"
- 1937 - "One-story America"