Biography
Ababhali ababini abanetalente abanetalente, kubabhali abaneetalente ababhala kakuhle iinoveli "zeZitulo ezilishumi elinambini" kunye "nethole legolide" kunye "negolide yegolide", kunzima ukwahlulahlula amawele aseSiamese. I-ILF nePetrov, le minyaka ilishumi siyenzileyo kunye, nkqu nezixoliso ezibhaliweyo ukuze i-connoissemby yeyokuyilwa, iPeru kubo ikwintloko yebali "iMelika elinye".
Kodwa ngamnye kubo ababhali-ubomi babo. Nangona kunjalo, kwiibhayiloji zezithixo ezimbini kukho into efanayo: eqaqambileyo, kodwa ubomi obufutshane, kodwa apho indlala, imfazwe, intshutshiso kunye nokufa okubi kunye nokubulawa kwabantu.
Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-Ilya i-arnoldovich ilf yindawo yokuyila yeyokhola yenye yabazali "babazali" bobuqhophololo obuthandekayo we-Ostande. Igama langoku lombhali nguYehiyeli-Labe Arievich Tonyziluthurg. Wazalelwa kwi-pearl emnyama yolwandle - odessa-ekuweni kwe-1897.
UJehiyeli-Ubomi-Isahlulo sesithathu seendlalifa zazo ezine zika-Arie kunye nengqondo yengqondo. Intloko yosapho, isicaka esithozelayo seBhanki yaseSiberia Ivenkile, yaphupha ngokunika oonyana ngemfundo enesidima. USaphilo oPhakathi oPhakamileyo wabona i-Accountant, kodwa emva kokufunda kwisikolo sentengiso, uSandro Fazini wabizwa waba ngumculi - waba ngumculi - i-curist (kamva efudukele e-Auschwitz).
Unyana wesibini - uMoishe Aron - uphumelele esikolweni ngembeko, kodwa waphinda amava omntakwabo kwaye waya kwi-ARD, esayina i-canvany iMi-Faultive My.
Amava kaGorge kwaye achithwe ngokungathandekiyo imali ephakanyiswe i-Aria engatyali mali kuqeqesho lonyana wesithathu kwisikolo sentengiso esibizayo. Yoehiel-Liebe waba ngumfundi weSikolo soBugcisa, apho kwakungekho "mkhulu" (ngokomdala uArie), njengozobo. Utata wayengazi ukuba isifundo sifihlwe phantsi kwedesktop yencwadi yeReddiard Kipling, Robert Stevenson no-Anton Chenkov, bafunda ngasese.
Umfana oneminyaka eli-16 ubudala wafumana imfundo kwaye wakholisa utata: edlula kwindlela eya kwi-trictan ukuya kwi-propering yeSebe lezeMali, kwaye ngo-1919 wahlala phantsi kwiingxelo zemali kwiCandelo leZimali lePhondo elenziwe ngoBomvu Umkhosi. Emva kwexesha, amava ekusebenziseni i-Ilya ilf, echaza imicimbi kwiOfisi yeHercules kwi "Yegolide".
UJita onamaphupha kaTata aqhekeza xa uJehiel oneminyaka engama-23 ubudala waphosa inkonzo ngokubhengeza ukujoyina iQela le-Odessa ". Ngoku inzala yesithathu ibibizwa ngokuba yi-Ilya ilf, iqhagamshela oonobumba bokuqala 'begama elidala "elidala" ngamagama ePleundunym.
Ukubaleka ngonaphakade, masithi uNyana wesine walungisa amathemba kaBawo: Ukushiya ifani yakhe yemveli, waba yindawo yegadi. Kulonwabo luka-Arie, ubugcisa babengenamdla kwaBenjamin. Ngo-1919, kwabhengezwa ukumiswa. I-Ilya ilf ifikile kwiqela likazwelonke kunye nenoveli ye-AnAtol France phantsi kwengalo. Malunga nomkhosi wangaphambili, umbhali uxelele i-castical, kodwa ivolumu:
"Ndandisazi ukoyika, kodwa ndithe cwaka, bendifuna thuni kwaye ndingacela uncedo. Ndiyakhumbula ndilele kwingqolowa. Ilanga lalifakiwe ngasemva kwentloko, akunakwenzeka ukuba intloko yakhe ingaboni into eyoyika. "Emva kwemfazwe, i-nodist yekamva ibuyele eOdessa, yenza amanyathelo okuqala kwintatheli yokubuntana kwaye waba lilungu lemanyano yeembongi.
Uncwadi
Ngo-1923, kamva "utata wexesha elizayo" womhambi oqaqambileyo wafudukela eMoscow: eOdessa, ubomi bobhali bebiwe. I-valentin kataev incedile emsebenzini wokuqala: Waba ngumbhali wokuqala, wenza amalungiselelo osebenza ngoluntu lwase-Odessaeta kwiphephandaba "Bed".
I-Ilya ilf yathathwa yibhasi kuye nabani na ongafundanga liqela lesine, laliphathiswe ukuqhubekiswa kweeleta zekhoboka. Kwiiveki zokuqala zomsebenzi, igosa lezomthetho laliguqula le nto ithandwa kakhulu, izaliswe zii-fetulens ze-caustic ngosuku olubi. Phantsi kolona phawu likhoboka, wajika wafika phantsi, kwabakho imiqondiso yababhali, kodwa yagqitywa nge-ilf, yaqatshelwa ngoko nangoko ngobomi kunye ne-sarcam ecekeceke.
Ukusebenza kwiphephandaba kwazisa i-nowlist nge-nowlist ngoIsaaac Babel, i-mikhail bulgakov kunye ne-yury olesey. Kungekudala, uMzalwan 'uKataeva wavela kwi "Bheep" - uEugene. Uthathe iPseudugomy Perov ye-Perov, engafuni ukutsala umdla. Ke eMoscow, ababhali bazalwa eOdessa badibana. Sebenza kunye uqalile ngo-1927.
Ngo-1928, i-Ilf yagxothwa kwimozulu kaRhulumente. Wayemkile kwaye ipetrov. Intatheli ikhusela i-chideral "chidak", apho i-Ilfie yakhokelela kwiSebe loPhononongo loLwazi. Ababhali be-Co-benze uphononongo oludibeneyo kwifoto yefilimu kunye nemidlalo yemidlalo, ukubeka i-pseudumsm eqhelekileyo "don buzlio". Eminye i-pseudiny il kunye ne-Petrov - F. Tolstoevsky.
Inoveli "amatshalwa ali-12" ababhali "baqala ukubhala ngo-1927. Inqaku lokuqala yayingumbono we-valentina katava, othe wacela i-Ilfu kunye nomncinci kancinane ukuba asebenze kuye 'ngamakhoboka oncwadi encwadi. " Umama waphosa kubabhali i-adventure ploce, efuna ukucinga malunga nophuhliso lweziganeko ezijikeleze "izitovu abazigcinayo".
I-Ilya ilf kunye nombhali omncinci wayenomdla ngokubhalwa kweCumineus Cumicleucleucleucleucleule, eguqukele kwinoveli, eyakha ukunika uphuhliso lweKataev. Wayefunda oko kubhaliweyo, ukudunyiswa kwaye wacela ukunika iprinta. Wakhangela ukukhanya ngo-1928 kwaye wabazisa ababhali bozuko.
Kwakuloo nyaka, abathandi bohlobo oluhlekisayo bafumana olunye ummangaliso ovela kwi-novelters - ibali lezeze-watirical, epapashwe phantsi kwegama "ubuntu obuqaqambileyo". Kunyaka olandelayo, iinoveli zeGrotesque ezipapashwe kumjikelo "amabali angaqhelekanga avela kubomi besiXeko saseKolocolalalalalask" kunye nokuqokelelwa koNovemba "
Ngo-1931, i-Ilya ilf kunye nombhali-nye bazisa abafundi i-Madrimee entsha - ukuqhubeka kwenoveli kumnxibelelanisi, obizwa ngokuba yi-Golf Golf Colf. Inoveli yapapashwa kwimagazini iMagazini "kwiintsuku ezingama-30, le ncwadi yavela kwiminyaka emi-2 kamva.
Imisebenzi ye-Ilf ne-Petrov yaba ngabasebenzi abalungileyo kumaxesha eSoviet, ukuzisa ababhali njengobuqaqawuli obukhulu. Kodwa abagxeki boncwadi kunye nabaqeqeshi abazange bakhalaze malunga neenoveli zamaNgqina, baninzi ezinamagama azongeneyo eSoviet. "Punch" ukupapashwa kwe "yegolide" ecocekileyo "yanceda i-maxim gork. Kumaphephandaba asekuhlaleni, amanqaku atyumza avele, kodwa abanomdla kubathandayo betalente yeOdessa.
I-Peru Ilya Ilf kunye ne-Add yakhe i-Dezene yamabali amaninzi, i-Fechens kunye nezincoko. Ngokwemidlalo yabo yokudlala, i-melodrama "phantsi kweseti yeseti", ifihlakele nguMphathi Gregory Alexandrov kwaye epapashwe ngo-1936 ebizwa ngokuba "kwisekethe". Ifilimu yothando i-Orlova, kodwa i-ilf nepetrov ifuna ukususa amagama abo kwizihloko: Isicatshulwa satshintshwa, ababhali babengavunyelwanga.
Kwiminyaka yee-1930s ilya ilf kunye ne-Evgeny Petrov - I-Pravda I-Internents-i-6-hambo ngaphezulu kwe-United States. Isiqhamo sobuchule obudibeneyo yayiyincwadi eyenziwe yincoko ekhutshelweyo kwaye yabizwa ngokuba ngu "American America". Uphume ngo-1936 waza waba ngumbhalo wokuqala odibeneyo obhalwe ngababhali. I-Ilf nePetrov ngenxa yokugula kwe-IyoArnoldovich yabhala izahluko, ngaphandle kokudibana, kodwa iminyaka eli-10 yokusebenzisana yayinesitayile esinye.
I-Ilya Ilf yazisa iincwadana ezimangalisayo "- idayari, equka amakhulu ee-athorisms, izincoko, izinto eziqwalaselweyo, amabinzana amnandi kunye nokubonakaliswa kobuhlungu obubhalwe kwiminyaka eli-12. "Iincwadana zamanqaku" zabona ukukhanya emva kokuncitshiswa okuqinileyo kunye nokuvalwa, kodwa nakwimimandla efinyeziweyo yehofu ye-Ilfire yagutyungelwa.
Inyani enomdla yebhayiloji ye-odessa kukuthanda kwakhe i-Photodel. Ukufumene "uLuka", i-Ilya i-Ilse wenza amawaka eefoto, phakathi kwabo U-Elesha, uJoseph uutkin, uBoris uPatternak.
Ubomi Buqu
Ndikunye nenkosikazi ye-Mama kaMama - uMaria Tarasenko - umbhali wadibana kwi-Odessa emveyi. UMasha wayengumfundi wesikolo sokupeyinta, apho wafundiswa ngubhuti we-ilf. Umculi oselula wathandana notitshala, kodwa emva kokuba ethandana no-Ilya wanikezela phantsi koxinzelelo lweempawu zakhe zokunikwa kwengqwalaselo kunye nohlaziyo lwamaza.
Emva kokumka kwe-Ilya ilf, iminyaka emi-2 ejijekileyo eMoscow - amakhulu okuchukumisa, ingene kwiileta zikanobumba ogcinwe. Kokufika kukaMariya kwikomkhulu, batshata. Kungekudala sifumene indawo yokuhlala ethobekileyo - igumbi kwindlu ye-Sretensky Lane, ecaleni kwegumbi likaYuri Oleshi kunye nenkosikazi yakhe. Ngo-1935, isibini sasinentombi yaseSasha, Alexander Ilylinichna ulf.
Impilo-ntle yenyama kunye neflethi enefenitshala ye-Antique, umgcini wendlu kunye ne-nanny yavela kumaqabane emva kokukhululwa "kwezitulo ezilishumi elinambini". Ulonwabo olude lwentsapho lwathintelwa sisifo se-Ilf. Wayengutata onemfesane kakhulu, kodwa wayengakwazi nokufumana intombi, woyika ukosulele isifo sephepha. Wayengekho xa uAlexandra wayeneminyaka emi-2.
Ukufa
Emva kohambo eMelika kwimoto evulekileyo, i-Ilya Ilfa i-anded: isifo sephepha esifunyanisiweyo, savulwa saza satshintshwa. Intlungu kwi-noveli yefusi ivele e-Orleans entsha. Emva kokukhohlela, ndabona igazi kwi-scarf.
Emva kokuba ubuye ivela eMelika, ilya ilf ibihlala eminye iminyaka emi-2. Kodwa ayikwazanga ukuhlala kwi-capital - iGosa. Ihlala kwiDacha eKraskovo, apho wabhala iiSahluko zeMoscow "ye-Moscow", ihamba phezu kwehlathi lepine.
Xa entwasahlobo yowe-1937, iminyaka engama-39 ubudala i-Ilf ingcwatywe kumangcwaba e-novoddevichy, umhlobo wakhe othembekileyo kunye nombhali wathetha ukuba ngumngcwabo wakhe. Umhlobo kaPetrov wasinda iminyaka emi-5, wabulala phantsi kweemeko ezingaqhelekanga.
Ngo-1948, isigqibo soonobhala beManyano yababhali bevelisiwe, apho i-ilf kunye ne-ilf kunye ne-petrov iinoveli ezibizwa ngokuba zinye. Iminyaka eli-12 idlulile, ngelixa "izitulo ezili-12" zivumelekile ukuba ziphinde ziphendulwe. Abaphandi be-ilf yendalo kunye nepetrov ibonisa ukuba ikamva lababhali, baphila ixesha elide, banokuba sengozini.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1928 - "izitulo ezilishumi elinambini"
- Ngo-1928 - "amabali angaqhelekanga avela kubomi besiXeko saseKolocolalalalisk"
- Ngo-1928 - "Ubuntu Oqaqambileyo"
- Ngo-1929 - "usuku lwe-1001, okanye i-charrazada entsha"
- Ngo-1931 - "IGolden Trank"
- Ngo-1936 - "kanye ehlotyeni"
- Ngo-1937 - "iMelika enye iMelika"