Biography
Chokwadi vazhinji vachiri nebhenji rechikoro rangarira kuti pamapeji ezvinyorwa pane algebra iwe unogona kuwana zita rekuti Leibnitsa, uye dzimwe nguva mufananidzo wake. Asi havasi vese vanoziva kuti munhu uyu haana kungouya chete nechiratidzo uye chemasvomhu mafomula, asi akagadzirawo mune mamwe minda yesainzi. Nehurombo, Lerniz haana kugamuchira kuremekedzwa kwakakodzera kufadza kwake muhupenyu, asi zita rake rakava risingafi, uye dzidziso dzeuzivi uhwu yakava nezvizvarwa zvinotevera.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Gotttfried Wilhelm Leibniz akaberekerwa muna June 21 (Chikunguru 1) ya 1646, munzvimbo yekutonga yenyika yezasi saxony - hanover. Gottfribed akakurira mumhuri yeMufundisi weSerbo-Luzhitsky Chivabvu, makore gumi nemaviri, makore gumi nemaviri, iyo huru yekutarisa mumba yakadzidzisa iyo nyika uye yakazvimisikidza seProfesa yeruzhinji ye tsika.
Mukuru wake wechitatu katerina shmukk, mwanasikana wegweta repamusoro, neNyika - Purebred Germany. Gottfried aive mwana akatsvoda naMwari: Kubva paudiki hwekutanga, mukomana airatidza hunyanzvi hwake, saka Leigres akaedza kukudziridza mwana mudiki. Parizvino hapana mubvunzo kuti vana vavo vaizove musayendisiti mukuru uyo aizoisa zvigadzirwa zvinobatsira kune ino nyika.
Baba vemukomana ane zvipo vakadururwa mukuda kwemabhuku, saka Leibniz akamedza mabhuku mumwe nemumwe, kuverenga nyaya dzezvakaitika pamusoro pemadzimambo makuru uye akashinga knights. Nehurombo, Leibniz-sr. Akafa mukomana paakanga asina uye mukomana anemakore, asi mubereki akazvisiya onealibhurari huru, iyo yakava nzvimbo yaunofarira mune yechidiki yekare.
Rimwe zuva muzivi wenguva yemberi uye musayendisiti akagumburwa pane manyoro maviri, akambosara nemudzidzi. Aya ndiwo mabasa emunyori wekare wezvenhau wechiRoma Ribhiya uye chronological pfuti yeCalvia. Munyori wekupedzisira, wechidiki uyu akaverenga asina kuoma, asi kunzwisisa kwaLibya kwakazoomera, nekuti bhuku rekare rakanyorwa richisimudza rhetoric uye rakashongedzerwa nejira rekare.
Asi Leibniz, uyo asina kujaira kuti azvipe, zvakare zvakare zvakare mabasa ePhilosofi, kudzamara ainzwisisa kukosha kweduramazwi rakanyorwa pasina kushandisa duramazwi. Zvakare, jaya rakadzidza chiGerman neLatin, pamberi pekukura kwepfungwa kwevaridzi vake. Mudzidzisi weLabitsa akaona kuti wadhi yake haina kuteverwa nechirongwa chechikoro, asi ichimhanya mberi, ichiisa mubhangi rehunyanzvi hweruzivo rwemunyori, ndiani anofanira kuteerera, kuve mudzidzi wemakirasi epamusoro.
Naizvozvo, mudzidzisi akatenda kuti dentfrihi anofanira kubviswa mabhuku aLibya ari kure, akapokana nekuzvidza kwejaya, kuti adzorere kuzvidzora kweRebheni uye nekudzidzisa rudo rwe rudo rweMunhu Komensky uye Weodocian Martin Luther. Asi, nejasi rinofadza remamiriro ezvinhu, murazvo unofara kupfuura, akanzwa hurukuro iyi uye squinting mudzidzisi wenyaya yekuti akakodzera vese neyekuyerwa.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, hapana munhu akarambidza Luibnitsa akazvimirira adzorere mutoro weruzivo, nekuti anokamhan'ara - anokudzwa, ane kodzero yeaRebhina, akabvunza vabereki vake kuti vape kiyi kubva kuraibhurari. Saka, jaya rakasvibiswa rwejaya rakabata mabasa evafundisi vekare dzeCicero, Plato, Seneiki, Plinia.
LEBNIZ akadzidza muInstestious Institution Institution - Iyo Leipzig Chikoro cheSt. Thomas. Ikoko, jaya rakaratidza kugona kwake kwepfungwa. Akakurumidza kuisa mabasa masvomhu uye kunyange kuratidza tarenda rekunyora. Pazuva reVatsvene Utatu, mudzidzi waifanira kuverenga kutaura kwemhemberero airwara, saka basa iri rakapihwa Reibitus.
Gottfried akachengeta usiku usiku hwekunyora basa muchiLatin. Uyezve, akakwanisa kuvaka nhetembo kubva pamashanu mashanu, akavezwa kurira kwaunoda mazwi. Vadzidzisi vakaporofita mukomana, panguva iyoyo chete, ramangwana rakakura.
Tevere, 14 (15) -Kugara-makore-okukura-okukura kwakapfuurira naNibble Granite sainzi haisisiri kuchikoro, asi kuYunivhesiti yeLeipzig. Ikoko aifarira uzivi - zvakanyorwa naKedhia neGarirea. Makore maviri gare gare, Leibniz akaendeswa kuYunivhesiti yaJena, kwaakatanga kuenda mune yakadzika masvomhu.
Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, jaya iro rakatanga kupindira mukuita basa, nekuti vaitenda kuti sainzi iyo mwarikadzi weiyo femid yakanga ichipera muhupenyu. MuLe1 1663rd Leibniz akagamuchira degree reBachelor, uye gore rakatevera, dhigirii raTenzi muhunyanzvi.
Dzidziso
Chekutanga chibharo "pane imwe pfungwa yekuda" kweLeibniz yakanyora muna 1663. Vashoma vanhu vanoziva, asi vapedza kudzidza kuyunivhesiti, gottfried yakava muchero wevashandi. Chokwadi ndechekuti Leibniz yakanzwika nezvenharaunda yeAlchemical muNuremberg uye akasarudza kuita cunning.
Vateveri vedzidziso dzangu dzakashata dzakashamiswa nezivo yawana ruzivo uye vakazivisa iye nyanzvi. Muyedzo wakareurura kuti haana kutambudzwa nekuzvidemba, ramangwana remakwikwi akaenda kunhanho yakadaro nekuti yakaudzwa nokuda kuziva kwake kusingafadzi.
Muna 1667, Liibniz mudiki akatanga kuita zviitiko zveveruzhinji uye akabudirira mudzidziso dzehunyanzvi uye hwepfungwa. Zvakakodzera kutaura kuti kana kukurukurirana pamusoro pekusaziva kuri kuuya, saka vazhinji vanoyeuka Sibrund Freud, asi yaive Leibniz iyo inoisa pfungwa yekufunga zvidiki zvidiki, pamberi peGerman psychoanaly makore mazana maviri emakore. Muna 1705, "muyedzo mutsva pane kunzwisisa kwevanhu" zvakanyorwa, uye mumakore mashanu gare gare basa rehunyanzvi rinonzi "monadology" (1710).
Muzivi akasika hurongwa hwake hwekugadzira, akatenda kuti nyika yese dzakasiyana siyana dzine zvimwe zvinhu - madzidzi anowanikwa zvakasiyana kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, uye ivo, zvakare, chikamu chemweya chekuva. Uyezve, kubva pamaonero ake, nyika hachisi chinhu chisingazununguki, nekuti chakaverengerwa, uye dambudziko rechokwadi rinoda kududzirwa. Kune dzidziso, iyo Lernia yakakwira Monadhi ndiMusiki akasimbisa imwe nzira yenyika, uye chirevo chechokwadi chakatsigira humbowo hune musoro.
Gottabed akafunga nezvaGenesi sechimwe chinhu chinowirirana, asi akaedzawo kukunda kupesana kwezvakanaka nezvakaipa. Mabasa ehunyanzvi eRehopia akapesvedzera kuchironga uye nyanzvi, asi volipenheya akatarisa dzidziso yake nezve "kutaurwa kana kururamisa kwaMwari" (chii chinotsanangura matanho ezvakaipa, asina mhosva.
Masvomhu nesainzi
Nemhaka yenzvimbo yake iri mukushandira iyo mainz Kurfürst, garaffed aifanira kufamba muEurope. Munguva yekubatana uku, akasangana neDutch Wemauto echiKristu, avo vakabvuma kumudzidzisa masvomhu.
Muna 1666, worktried anova iye munyori wezvinyorwa "pane hunyanzvi hweanosangana", uye akawanawo projekiti pamusoro pemasvomhu. Tinogona kutaura kuti Leibniz akatarisa kumashure, nekuti musayendisiti uyu akamira pane zvinyorwa zvekombuta uye sainzi yekombuta.
Muna 1673, akauya necomputer computer, achitungamira otomatiki ekurekodha huwandu hwakagadziriswa mune imwe nzira yeCalculus. Chishandiso chinonzi seye arithmometer Leiby (madhiri eArithmometer anowanikwa muLeonardo da Vinci manyoro). Chokwadi ndechekuti Leibnitsa akagumbura kuti maKristu ake ayakagara anoshandisa nguva yakawanda nekuwedzera manhamba, nepo achiwedzera iye akatenda kuti aizowedzera, ende, ugoverana uye wakawanda.
Iyo leibness arithmometer yakapfuura pascal's counting muchina. Zvinokosha kuziva kuti imwe kopi yeComputer yakawira mumaoko aPeter I, iyo, yakashamisika nechishandiso, ichikurumidza kupa chishamiso ichi kumuchina weChinese.
Iye waizivana naMambo, uyo akapisa hwindo kuEurope, uye sainzi yeGerman yakaitika muna 19997, uye musangano uyu waive wakasarudzika. Pashure pokukurukurirana kwenguva refu, Lerniz akagashirwa kubva kuna Peter, mari yemari uye zita remazano akavanzika weruramisiro. Asi pakutanga, mushure mekukunda kwemauto eRussia muhondo yeNarva, Leibniz yakaumbwa neyakafambisa Odaa Karla XII, kwaakaratidza tariro yekuti Sweden aizowaridza miganhu kubva kuMoscow kuna Amur.
Asi akabva abvuma kuti aifara kuva shamwari yemambo huru yeRussia, uye nekutenda kuna Leibnitsa Peter ini ndakatendera kusikwa kweiyo nhoroondo yeScientemy muSt. Petersburg. Kubva kuBiography of Gotfrida, zvinozivikanwa kuti muna 1708 Aive neKupokana nemunyori weMutemo wenhoroondo yenyika yeIsaka Newton. LEBNIZ akaburitsa kuwanikwa kwake kwemasvomhu, asi Newton, uyo akatanga kujairana nebasa resainzi, achipomera mumwe wandaishanda naye pamusangano wekuba kwepfungwa uye pachena.
Isaka akataura kuti akauya kumhedzisiro yakafanana makore gumi apfuura, asi haana kuburitsa mabasa ake. LEBNIZ haana kureva kuti aimbodzidza manyoro eNewton, asi akauya nemhedzisiro yakafanana yakazvimirira. Uye zvakare, chiGerman chakauya nechiratidzo chakanakira chiratidzo, icho masvomhu anoshandiswa naye nanhasi.
Kupokana kuri pakati peNewton kwakaenderera mberi kusvika muna 1713, kurwa uku kwakava zviyo pakutanga kwenzvimbo-yeEuropean ", uye mumaguta aive asingazivikanwe ivai varegedzerwa kwekutanga kweanopokana mukukonana. Uku kusangana kwave kuzivikanwa se "squable inonyadzisa munhoroondo yese yemasvomhu."
Nekuda kwehondo, masayendisiti maviri anonyepa chikoro chemasvomhu chemasvomhu, uye kumwe kuvhura Newton kusateedzerwa uye veruzhinji vakazivikanwa mushure memakore mazhinji. Pamusoro pemasvomhu, fizikisi nepfungwa uye psychology, Leibniz akadzidza biology, (iyo sainzi yakaisa pfungwa yeiyo organic system yekuvimbika), uye yakabudirirawo muLinduistics uye kutonga.
Hupenyu Hwako
LEIRINI anowanzonzi pfungwa dzakazara nevanhu, asi dzakatorwa, izere nepfungwa, dzaisawanzounza kuti basa rizotanga kusvika kumagumo. Zvakaoma kutonga nezve chimiro chesainzi, sezvo vakararama panguva yaAkandatsanangura mufananidzo wesainzi nenzira dzakasiyana. Vamwe vakati aive munhu anofinha uye asina kunaka, vamwe vakapiwa hunhu hwakanaka.
Gottfried, achiomerera kune yake yega uzivi, yaive tariro uye yemunhu, iyo kunyange panguva yekupokana naIsaka Newton haana kutaura izwi rakaipa kune anopikisa. Asi Leibniki akakurumidza uye akakuvara, asi akakurumidza kusvika pakunzwa uye aigarowa, kunyangwe kwaive kumanikidzwa manzwiro. Zvakangodaro, sainzi aive nemudziyo, aakange achiziva kuti: Dzimwe nguva masvomhu aive akaomarara uye korestolobiv.
LEIBNIV akapfeka zvakanatswa uye akapfeka wig dema, nekuti yaive yakadirwawo nemafashoni enguva iyoyo. Pakudya, musayendisiti aive asina kuchenjera, uye waini yaoma kashoma, kazhinji pazororo. Asi kunyangwe mune ino chinwiwa chinobva kubva pamazambiringa, gotera yakasanganiswa shuga, sezvaAkafarira zvinotapira.
Kana iri hukama hwezvinono, pane ruzivo rudiki pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvezvinyorwa zveatoronga, uye vamwe vemafights vane chivimbo chekuti pakanga paine mukadzi mumwe chete muhupenyu hwesainzi - sainzi. Asi akatanga ushamwari hushamwari neye prussian mambokadzi sofia Charlotte Hannover, zvisinei, hukama uhu hwousati kupfuura kupfuura hupfumi hwePlatonic. Muna 1705, Sofia akafa, Lermia aisakwanisa kugamuchira hupenyu hwake hwese nezvainge zvaitika, mushure mekufa komudiwa wake, haana kuwana vakadzi, izvo zvingadai zvakabaya moyo wake.
Rufu
Makore ekupedzisira ehupenyu, Leibnitsa yaive nguva yakaoma, sezvo hukama hwake nemambo weChirungu chaivapo hauna kubhadharwa. Vakatarisa musayendisiti huru sechavaruwa, uye mutongi, aine chivimbo chekuti anoshandisa mari yekubhadhara basa re Labitsa, nguva yese yakataura kusagutsikana kwake nguva dzese. Naizvozvo, akakomberedzwa neyesainzi ainyanya kushamisika kwemadonhmi uye kurwiswa nechikamu chekereke.
Asi, kunyangwe pasina kukosha kwekuve, gottrid yakaramba ichiita sainzi yavanofarira. Nemhaka yehupenyu hwekudyidzana, musayenzi aive nedumbu uye huchenjeri haana kuvimba nehutano hwake kuna vanachiremba, uye akanakidzwa chete mushonga wakapihwa neshamwari. Mukuwedzera, Leibniz aive nezviratidzo, sezvo muzivi mukukwegura haana kurasikirwa nerudo rwekuverenga.
Musi waNovember 14, 1716, Lerniz haana kuverenga iyo dhiini yemishonga yemishonga uye yakanzwa kurangwa. Asvika, achiona mamiriro emasvomhu, iye amene akaenda kuharabhasi, asi haana nguva - Gertfied Leibniz akafa. Kumashure kwekobhu yekono, uyo akapa nyika kuwanikwa kusingaiti, munhu mumwe chete akaenda - munyori wake.
Zvakawanikwa
- 1673 - arithmometer
- 1686 - chiratidzo cheChinyorwa
- 1692 - pfungwa uye equation yehamvuropu yemhuri imwe-paramende ye curves
- 1695 - Indicative basa mune yakawandisa fomu
- 1702 - Risitendekere yekuora kwechiitiko chezvidimbu zvidimbu pane iyo mari yakapfava