I-Biograge
URoland Bart waduma ngocwaningo emkhakheni wama-aesthetics, ifilosofi, izifundo zemibhalo kanye nama-semiotic. UmFrance owashiyela ngemuva kwawo amagugu anzulu anikezelwe izinganekwane, amasistimu wesimo sezulu, ama-metalanas nesakhiwo. Ukuthatha ukugxekwa okuphelele kwesiko le-burgeois, usosayensi wazama ukudala "umlingani" njengethuluzi elisemqoka lokulinganisa okungokoqobo.Ubuntwana nentsha
UBart wazalwa ngoNovemba 12, 1915 eNormandy. Idolobhana lakhe laseCherbouris lalifanekisela itheku enyakatho-nentshonalanga yeFrance futhi kamuva yaduma ngomculo kaMichel Lebonne kanye nefilimu ka-1964. URoland wayengamazi uBaba: Le ndoda yabulawa empini lapho indodana yakhe ingagcwaliseki neminyaka, ngakho-ke ngephoyisa loLouis Barte, isazi sefilosofi sayazi ngezindaba nezithombe kuphela.
Ngemuva kokufa kukaYise, lo mndeni wathuthela eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeFrance, lapho ubuntwana bemibhalo ebhalwe esikhathini esizayo bezungezwe izihlobo ezivela ebhodini lomama. Umama ka-Anrietta wayenakekelwa ingane, kanye nogogo kanye no-anti, owafundisa uRolan kumdlalo wepiyano. Uthando ngomculo nezincwadi lwaba umphefumulo ozwakala ngokujulile kulo, lutholakala khona okuhle. Ngo-1927, umfana uvele umfowabo kaMichel ohlanganisiwe, owazalelwa ngemuva kokuba umama waba ngumfazi we-ceramist u-Andre Salzedo. Ngemuva kokushona komfowethu ososayensi waba ngumgcini wezinqolobane zakhe.
Ngemuva kokuphothula esikoleni, uBart wangena eSorbonne, aphothula iziqu ngo-1939. Iziphiwo nentshisekelo yokufundisa kwamlethela abafundi bokuqala, abavimbele izifo ezingapheli, ngenxa yokuthi le nsizwa yayivame ukuphazamisa izifundo zakhe. Ngenxa yesifo sofuba pulmonary ebusheni bakhe, wayevame ukubekwa eSanatorium, kwathi lapho ontanga beya phambi kwempi yezwe yesibili, impilo ebuthakathaka kaRoland ebuthakathaka yaphumela ekukhonzeni izwe lakubo.
Njengoba sisindile eminyakeni enzima yempi, umFulentshi waba nesithakazelo kwezepolitiki, wanamathela ekubukeni kwesobunxele. Izinkinga zokulingana komphakathi kanye nezimo zokuphila ezithuthukile zamaqembu angenakugwetshwa umphakathi akhathazeke ingqondo yososayensi osemusha, owayesebenzisana naye kanyekanye "nezemidlalo ephazamisekile".
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Usosayensi wayevame ukuzenza nangempilo yakhe uqobo nento yocwaningo lwakhe. Encwadini ethi "Rolan Bart Mayelana Rolan Barta", okumele ingxube yedayari, inoveli ne-autobiography, umbhali uzame ukuzihlaziswa okuthembekile nokwazangaze. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi le ndoda yahlanganyela ezintweni ezinjalo "ezinesidina" njengefilosofi nemibhalo, yayinesimo sosaziwayo. Ngemuva kokukhishwa kwezingcezwana zenkulumo yothando ", umFrance waqala ukumema kuthelevishini, wayexoxa nabomagazini abanjalo njenge-Playboy no-Ellelle.UBart akakaze ashade futhi aphile impilo yakhe yonke endlini efanayo nonina, owashona ngo-1977. Lo mbhali wokulahlekelwa akazange akhathazeke, ebeka imicabango edabukisayo ku- "Sortingle Diary", eyayithumela kahle.
Umsebenzi wesayensi
Impela, isikhulumiso, isikhathi sobuqambi sawela ngawo-1950s. Ngalesi sikhathi, umlobi wafundiswa eBucharest, ephefumulelwe ama-Marxists kanye nabakhona, bafunda inkundla yemidlalo yaseshashalazini yobuwula futhi bahlanganyela ngobuntatheli. Izindatshana zakhe nezindatshana zanyatheliswa ezincwadini zemibhalo.
Imibono esemqoka yesikhathi sokwakheka kwe-Bart's sayiminyezeli njengenhlanganisela yezinhlelo eziningi ze-connotative conconic, ukwakheka kwenganekwane yesimanje kanye nenkinga yokuloba. Ngale minyaka, imisebenzi enjalo ngokuthi "uhlelo lwemfashini", "Mythology", "Ukufa komlobi" kwashicilelwa. Le misebenzi yaba nomthelela kwisayensi, kepha isigaba esivuthiwe kunazo zonke nezithelo sobuhlakani baseFrance baba yi-postxtructualist, eyaqala ngawo-1970.
Ijika elisha limake ukushicilelwa kwe-S / Z enikezelwe kumcimbi we-Metalakaki Ukunqoba Imihlangano Yesiko. Ukuyilandela, incwadi ethi "Izingcezwana Zenkulumo Zothando" yanyatheliswa, eyayiletha ukuthandwa okubanzi kuMlobi. Kuyo, iRoland ihlole izifiso zothando nezindlela zokuzisebenzisa ngolimi, zincike kwizingcaphuno zemibhalo yezinkondlo yasendulo. Umsebenzi wokugcina we-bart waba ikhamera uLucida, ukhanyisa into yezithombe nemiphumela yayo ye-semantic.
Ifa leFranceman lalinethonya kubantu besikhathi sabantu besikhathi kanye nezizukulwane ezalandela zabaphenyi. Ngisho nemibhalo emincane yombhali njenge-eseyi "ubuso bokubingelela i-garbo" kanye ne- "burgeois vocazs" Nikeza ukudla okujulile okufanele ngicabange ngalabo abanesifiso sezingqinamba zamasiko nezobuciko.
Ukushona
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi impilo yayivame ukubhekana ne-bart, imbangela yokufa kososayensi kwakungeyona isifo, kodwa ingozi. NgoFebhuwari 25, 1980, indoda eneminyaka engu-64 ubudala kuParis Street idubule iveni. URoland walimala esifubeni, lapho kwathi ngemuva kwawo ngenyanga kwafa esibhedlela esiphuza eSalpetner. IMITHETHO YOKUGCINWA KAKHULU KAKHULU NGAMABHODI 26. Emcimbini wokuvalelisa, ochithe egcekeni le-MORUL, cishe amakhulu wabangani kanye nabafundi babekhona. Ungcwabe umlobi e-yurt.Amacaphuna
- "Akukho okunye hhayi mina, futhi angisekho omunye. Okunye ngeke kusinde okuhlangenwe nakho kwezenzo zami. "
- "Le ncwadi ilulimi olunzima."
- "Anginakubonakala ngedwa, futhi kulokhu mina kanye nobuhlanya: NginguMadman, ngoba ngiyazenzela."
- "Emlobi kukhona okuthile okuvela kumpristi, ekubhaleni - kusuka kumfundisi olula: Ngegama elilodwa isenzo esizimele (okungukuthi, ngomqondo othile), omunye - imisebenzi."
- "Yini inganekwane namuhla? Kulo mbuzo, ngizonikeza ngokushesha impendulo elula yokuqala, evumelana ngqo nale mibhalo: Inganekwane yigama. "
I-Bibliography
- 1953 - "I-Zero Degree Yokubhala"
- 1957 - "Mythology"
- Ngo-1964 - "Izakhi Zemikhosi"
- 1970 - "Umbuso Wezimpawu"
- 1971 - "Insimu, I-Fourier, Loyolo"
- 1973 - "Ubumnandi Bombhalo"
- 1975 - "Rolan Bart Mayelana Rolan Bart"
- 1977 - "Idrama, Inkondlo, Inoveli"
- 1977 - "Izingcezu Zenkulumo Yothando"
- 1980 - "Igumbi Elihlanzekile"
- 1981 - "Ukugxekwa neqiniso"
- 1982 - "Izincwadi Namaqiniso"