I-Biograge
ULeopold von Zaher-Masoch - umlobi wase-Austrian, odumile ngemisebenzi nezimo ezingenabuchopho. Isakhiwo semibhalo yombhali siboshelwe ekuzithobeni kwamaqhawe labesilisa abanamantombazane amahle kakhulu, bajabulele ukushaywa okusetshenziswa yimibikazi. Imibhalo yombhali kamuva yaba yindaba yocwaningo lwe-Psychiatrist kanye ne-Neurologist Richard Background Kraft Abraft Abraft Abraft. Usosayensi osuselwa kulokho okufundwe okufundwayo kwaletha igama elisha elithi "masochism", elisetshenziswa ngenkuthalo kwezengqondo. U-Ebing wayekholelwa ukuthi umbhali ngokwakhe wayenqunyelwe ukuphambuka okuchazwe yibo.Ubuntwana nentsha
Umlobi wazalwa ngoJanuwari 18, 1836 edolobheni laseLemberg (njengamanje uLviv, e-Ukraine). Ngobuzwe, izimpande zase-Austrian, zaseSefardian zitholakala endaweni ephakeme. Abazali bakhe babehlala okholweni lwamaKatolika. Ubaba uLeopold von uZaheri wabamba isikhundla senkosi yamaphoyisa. Umama owasuka eluhlobo lukaMasokov, wabeletha indodana enkulu eminyakeni eyi-8 ngemuva komshado.
Ingane yayibuhlungu, abazali besaba kakhulu ukuthi i-hersal ingalahlekelwa. Ukulungisa lesi simo, umfana wanikezwa i-cormalce, ehlala edolobheni elincane eliseduze neLemberg. ILeopold ayigcini ngokulungisa impilo elungisiwe, kodwa futhi yaphinde yagcwala izindaba ngezindaba zalomlimi wase-Ukraine. Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, umlobi waphunyuka ezindabeni ezazizwayo emibhalweni yenoveli yazo.
Eminyakeni engu-9 kamuva, kwenzeka umcimbi okhanyayo empilweni yomfana, okuthi, ngokwesilimo semibhalo, ethonye okwengeziwe kwe-biography kanye nokucaciswa kokuqanjwa kweChere Masoch. Lokhu sekuvele kungumbhali wabantu abadala encwadini ethi "Izinkumbulo Zengane Nokubonakaliswa Kwenoveli." Ngaleso sikhathi endlini yabazali besikhathi esizayo umbhali wamanoveli ezibabayo, ukubalwa kwe-xenobia, okuza esihlotsheni saseLeopold Send. Owesifazane wahlukaniswa ubuhle obuyinkimbinkimbi futhi waduma ngonya.
Ikakhulu umfana athandwe esitokisini isifiso sokuthanda ama-fuses intokazi egqoke njalo. Ngesinye isikhathi, iLeopold encane yadlala isikhumba sayo nodadewabo futhi yacasha egumbini lokulala lika-anti. Maduze nje, ukubalwa kwabuyela egumbini nesithandwa sakhe. Izikhathi ezimbalwa kwabanye bavele umyeni othukuthele nabangane ababili. Owesifazane othukuthele uphonswe izibhakela kumlingani wakhe, waphoqa ukususwa kwesivakashi esingafuneki.
Ukubona lokhu, isithandwa saphinde sabuyiselwa, futhi uLeopold omncane wamnika ubukhona. Ukubalwa kwabamba umshana wezinwele futhi kwaqhubeka nokususa intukuthelo emfana. Umbhali waphawula encwadini ukuthi izinyembezi zazikulungele ukufafazwa emehlweni, futhi ngasikhathi sinye ngaphansi kokushaya wazizwa "enobumnandi." Kepha kulemicimbi, wamshaya, akazange aphele. Umyeni ubuyela egumbini laseKsenobia, eguqe ngokulandela intethelelo. I-contoss yacindezela umngane wakhe womshado ngedolo.
Ngokwezinkumbulo zeZaker-mazoha, lo mzuzu ophambi kwakhe wembulwa "ukusondela konya nothando, owesifazane wemvelo wezitezi." Isigameko esibonwa egumbini lokulala asithobeki kuphela ekukhetheni okukhethekile kweLeopold empilweni okusondele kakhulu, kodwa futhi ebudlelwaneni bendoda kuya kowesifazane. Umlobi wayekholelwa ukuthi owesifazane udinga ukuba ngasikhathi sinye ukuthanda nokuzonda.
ULeopold waphenduka 12 Lapho abazali behamba ndawonye nendodana yakhe babe yiPrague. Enhlokodolobha yaseCzech Republic, osemusha waqeqeshwa ngolimi lwesiJalimane, lapho abhala khona imisebenzi ngokuzayo. Kakade-ke, wahehwa yiWebhu, eveza izigcawu zokubulawa kwabantu, kanye nohlobo lwemibhalo olukhethiwe lwaluyimpilo yabafel 'ukholo.
Ngemuva kwesikole, uZaero Masoch wafunda emanyuvesi asePrague noGraz. Ezindongeni zalezi zikhungo, le nsizwa yafunda ubulungiswa, izibalo nezinye iziyalo. Eminyakeni engu-19, umlobi wathola iziqu zobudokotela, futhi ngemuva kokumenywa ukuthi uzosebenza eposini le-Privat-Association e-University of Graz.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
I-Austrian yayithanda imvelo, imvamisa yaqala amanoveli. Enye yezinto ezibonakalayo ezikhanyayo empilweni yomuntu siqu yombhali kwakungumfelokazi we-baroness Fanny Von Pistor. Ubudlelwano obuphakathi kweLeopold nale ntokazi balawulwa yinkontileka edonswa ngaphambi kokuqala. Lo mbhalo wanqunywa yimisebenzi yeqembu ngalinye.
Ngakho-ke, umlobi wathembisa ukufeza izitha kanye nemiyalo yowesifazane, iFanny bekungafanele ukuthi iphazamise umsebenzi wenkosi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ntokazi kufanele ibe ngokuvamile igqoke uboya, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zolaka, okuhloswe ngalo eLeopold. Ubudlelwano, ngokuya ngedokhumenti, bathatha izinyanga eziyisithupha.
Kamuva, uLeopold wangena kwizincwadi ezingacabangi nge-avruori yasemuva Ryumelin. Kunikezwe izincwadi zezintokazi zabesifazane ukuthi unamathela ngokufana nomlobi wokubukwa empilweni obuseduze. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, u-Aurora waba ngumfazi wombhali. Umlingani weZaker-Mazoha futhi wazama namandla akhe enkundleni yemibhalo, esayina indalo nguPseudonym Wanda von Dunaev (igama le-heroine lendaba yeLeopold "Venus eFurs").
U-Aurora wabeletha umyeni wakhe amadodana amathathu, eyokuqala yafa enonyaka. Umshado waphela amandla. Unkosikazi womlobi wayenobugovu, elangazelela ngemali, enothando lokuzijabulisa.
Ngokushesha ngenxa yokuchitha kwakhe umndeni wawuseduze kobuphofu. ULeopold waphoqeleka ukuba asuke ekuqanjweni, waqala ukubhala ama-Boulevard erotic izindaba. Naphezu kwemizamo yomyeni wakhe, u-Aurora wamshiya. UZaker-Masoch wahlala ngaphandle kokuziphilisa. UGuniki Wezingane waba yinsindiso yendoda eyayishada naye futhi yavumelana nokuvumelana nokuphila komndeni.
Izincwadi
Indatshana yodoti yaba ngumlobi waba yinoveli "Umlando owodwa waseGalician. Unyaka we-1846, "enyatheliswa ngo-1858. Kuleli phuzu kuqhubeke, uLeopold uqala ukukhiqiza njalo ngonyaka encwadini, edala imisebenzi yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. I-Bibliography yombhali ifaka amanoveli angokomlando, ama-feechens, amadrama. Ukuthandwa komlobi kwenziwa imibhalo yesiqondiso se-erotic. Iningi lazo lalandelela amaqiniso asuka e-Biography kaZaheshe Masoha.
Phakathi kwemisebenzi yeFrank, inoveli ethi "Venus eFurs" ithatha indawo ekhethekile. Umlingiswa ophambili wamaphupho asalandisa asalandisayo wentokazi enhle, eyayizomenza azwele inceku yakhe, angasiza ekuhlazimeni phambi kwakhe.
Ngemuva kokuya e-resort eCarpathians, umlingisi uhlangana noWandow okhanyayo nomuhle. Le ntokazi ezimfundisweni zefilosofi ze-antiinity ekhazimulisa ingqondo, futhi iphinda futhi iphika ubandlululo oluhlotshaniswa nomshado wendabuko wobuKristu.
U-Osseliev, uSeverin unikeza ukujwayelana okusha ukuze abe yilungu lemicabango yakhe eyimfihlo. Ekuqaleni, uWanda uyenqaba ukunikela, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lapho eseneqhaza likaNkk., Alisekho okuvela kulo mfanekiso. Le ncwadi yayithandwa, futhi ngekhulu le-XX yanqunywa kaninginingi. Izifundo zobuqambi zombhali zihlangana ngombono wokuthi prototype yomfelokazi von Dunaev yaba fanny von postor.
Ukushona
Ngaphambi nje kokuba afe, umlobi wazinza edolobhaneni laseLindheim. Lapho, uLeopold washona ngoMashi 1895. Imbangela yokufa ayaziwa.I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1858 - "Umlando owodwa waseGalician. Unyaka we-1846 "
- Ngo-1867 - "Inkosi yokugcina yeMagyar"
- Ngo-1870 - "Venus ngoboya"
- Ngo-1870 - "Owesifazane ohlukanisile"
- Ngo-1872 - "UDon Juan waseKolomyia"
- Ngo-1874 - "Mesalinki"
- Ngo-1876 - "Izindaba zaseGalician"
- 1876 - "Imibono Yesikhathi Sethu"
- Ngo-1878 - "Izindaba ZamaJuda"
- Ngo-1882 - "Gaadamak"
- Ngo-1882 - "IPharadesi E-Dniester"
- 1882 - "Izindaba Ezisha ZamaJuda"