Umlando Wemilingiswa
Iqhawe lemisebenzi yemisebenzi yombhali we-American Mark Twain mayelana ne-tome saain ("adventures kaTom Sawyer", "UTom Sawyer phesheya", "UTom Sawyer phesheya komphenyi", "UTom Sawyer ungumseshi" ). Osemusha oneminyaka engu-12-14 ubudala, umngani kaTom, exutshwe ezikhathini eziningi ezijwayelekile naye, avela emndenini ongemuhle. Kusele kuphela inoveli yokuqala, le ndaba yenziwa kumuntu womlobi. Eminye imibhalo yochungechunge, uGeclberry Finn uyakhuluma.Umlando wendalo
Igama leqhawe - huckleberry (hacchalbury), elihunyushwa lihunyushwa liye olimini lwesiRussia njenge-Geclberry, - elihunyushwe lisuka esiNgisini lisho igama le-shaggy berry, njengama-blueberries noma ama-blueberries. Ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, ngesikhathi sohlobo lwe-Twee, leli gama lalisetshenziswa encazelweni yendoda esho okuncane lokho akunalo ithonya. "
Isithombe sikaGope uFinn silotshwe ngenhlangwaneni ebuntwaneni bakhe, ogama lakhe lalinguTom Blamsung. Umbhali ubhala ngakho ku-autobiography:
"Ku-" Geclberry Finn "Ngilethe i-Toma Blinkenship njengoba ayenjalo. Ngenhlanhla, engahlanjwanga futhi ebelamba njalo, kepha ngenhliziyo enenhliziyo enhle phakathi kwawo wonke umuntu ebengazi. Wayijabulela inkululeko engenamkhawulo futhi kwakuwukuphela komuntu owumele ngempela edolobheni lethu futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ejabule futhi ethukuthele. Sonke samhawukela. "Empilweni yomngane omncane, uMark Twain wawusemikhundla eminingi ehlangana ngokungagwegwesi ngezenzakalo zezincwadi. Umndeni wayo umkhaya wawungavikelekile, futhi umfowethu omdala wasizwa ngempela yinselelo eyodwa yase-Afrika yaseMelika. Ngenxa yokubuyiselwa kwabantu abaphunyukile, inkokhelo yezezimali yancipha, obekuyobe nomndeni ompofu, ngaphandle kokungabaza, ngendlela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwi-Southern America yaseSouth Africa, uthango lwabansundu lwalubhekwa njengesenzo esihlazisayo sabantu abanesikhumba esimhlophe. Kepha lo mfo akazange adlulise isigqila esibalekile futhi asisize lokho. Le micimbi ngendlela eguquliwe ethile efakwe inoveli yesibili umaka.
I-Biograge
Isimo seqhawe kanye nePeripetics yomfana ongaphili osukwini lwethu ibonakala imangalisa. Kodwa-ke, amanoveli anezinnokazi anabantu abayishumi nambili asho ngokufika kwalawo, futhi amaqhawe uqobo ayakujabulela ukuhlala njengoba ephila. Ubaba uFinn, ubaba kaHek, uyisidakwa esingenamakhaya, futhi umama weqhawe washona. Ngiyethemba ukuthi uzolala eduze komfula, emgqonyeni ongenalutho, lapho ushukela wagcinwa khona ngaphambili. Iqhawe libukeka njengethani futhi likhula njengotshani, ingubo yokulala. Omunyevukile anqatshelwe ukwenza ubungani "ne-hect" elingathandeki ", elibhema ifoni, obonayo, ama-lobotrycathes, aliya esikoleni futhi ngasikhathi sinye libukeka linelisekile ngempilo enjalo.
Kodwa-ke, uTom Sawyer, lokhu kuvinje kwephula, ngoba kwesinye isikhathi kujeziswa. Ngokubambisana, abangane babhekana nentambo yezehlakalo futhi bathola nengcebo. Ngokuphazima kweso kungazelelwe kuba okucebile, futhi impilo yeqhawe iyaphenduka. Uvela umama owamukelayo - umfelokazi kaDouglas, othatha ukukhuliswa kweHek. Iqhawe alisetshenziselwa impilo yonke futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuthi izama ukukhulisa, ngakho-ke ibaleka ngaphansi kokuqondisa komfelokazi. KuJim kanye ne-Third adventurer edume nge- "Duke" kanye ne- "King", iGeklberry Finn iza ehamba eMfuleni iMississippi.
Impilo ka-Hek ngaphambi kokuba ithole ingcebo futhi icebile, ibukeka kabi kakhulu kubantu abadala, kodwa walithanda leli qhawe, yena uqobo, okuyizi inkululeko ebeka isudi ephakeme kakhulu nezinto zasendlini.
"Wayengenasidingo sokugeza, noma ukugqoka ingubo emsulwa, futhi wayemazi ngokumangazayo. Ngegama, wayenakho konke okwenza impilo ibe yinhle. "Ngaphambi kokuthi "amukelwe", umfana wazinika ngokuphelele futhi angenza lokho akufunayo. Akekho owaphoqa iqhawe ukuthi liye esikoleni, ligqoke izingubo ezingakhululeki futhi liziphathe ngendlela ethile njengoba yamukelwe emphakathini.
Umfelokazi weDouglas uthathelwe kahle ukukhuliswa kweqhawe. Endlini yomfelokazi, uGek uzungezwe kuye ngenxa yokuthi leli qhawe libe ngumnikazi omncane - geza, lihlanganise izinwele ngebhulashi kanye ne-comb, zilale emashidini ahlanzekile abonakala engemnandi. Umfelokazi ugcizelela ukuthi uGek wahambela isonto wadla ngemfoloko nangemise.
Le nsizwa ibonakala ingabekezeleleki lezi zimo, futhi uyabaleka, futhi ibekezelela uDouglas ngaphansi kogadleyo kuphela amasonto amathathu. UTom Sawyer ubuqili baphoqa umngani ukuthi abuye, kepha kuyasiza isikhashana. Isifiso sokuphinde sizimele yisizathu sokuthi iqhawe likushiye idolobha kuze kube phakade, lapho azalwa ngalo, ngaphambi kokuba alwele ukubulawa kwakhe emfuleni, ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe ifa lakhe lokufa ukuze bangabe besafuna ukufa kwakhe.
-Vikayo
Izincwadi eziphathelene nokufika kukaTom Sawyer kanye ne-FOPE kuvikelwe kaningi. Ngo-1981, le filimu evelele emithathu yamaSoviet "The Adventures kaTom Sawyer noGeclberry Finn", bahlungwa nguMqondisi uStanislav Govorukhin. Amaqhawe amancane enza izindlela zawo emathuneni ebusuku azofuna ukufika futhi afakaza ukuthi iNdiya Joe yenza kanjani ukubulala. Kamuva, amaqhawe aphinda abhekana naye lapho efuna ingcebo. Endimeni kaTom sawyer kanye noCope Finn, abalingisi be-Foodor Stukov noVladislav Galkin bayasebenza.
Ngo-1993, i-adventure yase-USA yokufika kwe-Finn ngokhuni lwe-Eliji yanyatheliswa e-United States. Kunendaba enesigqila se-runa nokuya e-raft eceleni komfula iMississippi.
Ifilimu yokugcina esekelwe emisebenzini kaMark Twain yaphuma hhayi kudala, ngonyaka ka-2014. Ibizwa ngokuthi "uTom Sawyer noGeclberry Finn." Lapho, umlingiswa we-huck uFinn wadlalwa nguJackie Tyoshin, owayekade enenkanyezi endimeni eyinhloko ochungechungeni lwamahlaya lwe-TV "Wizards kusuka endaweni ye-waverly".
Ngo-1992, uchungechunge lwekhathuni lwekhathuni olungu-12 lwe-Geclberry Finn lwakhululwa eFrance. EJapan, nabo abasikhokhi lesi sihloko ngokunakwa futhi basuse uchungechunge lwe-anime "Huckleberry No Bouken" ngo-1976, kwathi ngo-1991 kwavela amafilimu wezithombe ezinezithombe. Ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa, lolu chungechunge lunqume ukuqala kabusha, futhi kwavela uhlobo olusha, ngoMqondisi omusha negama elithi "Huckleberry Finn Monogatari".
UGekhi Finn wenzeka esikrinini ngesimo sempungushe. Ngo-2000, kwakhululwa ifilimu lekhathuni e-United States, lapho izinhlamvu ze- "adventures of sawyer Tom" ziboniswa ngesimo sezilwane. UTom uqobo waba ikati elincane, futhi uBecky Tetcher waphenduka ikhithi emhlophe.
Ikhathuni lonke lisuswa eduze kwenoveli yophawu lwesibili, ngaphandle kwama-fainali amaningana aguquliwe futhi ahlele kabusha izehlakalo ezithile. Isibonelo, isiqephu lapho uBecky noTom balahlekile emhumeni, ekhathuni bathuthela endaweni elula kunazo zonke, futhi uLis-Hop uqala ubungane namathuna wangaphambili kaTom (okungekho embhalweni we-Twain).
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo
E-American State of Alabam, imisebenzi kaMark Twain nokuhlelwa, ukuhlanza lokho okukwazi ukuthuka amaMelika. Amagama anjalo "acasulayo" enoveli nge-Geclberry Finn etholwe kangako nama-219. Kuyahlekisa ukuthi ngasikhathi sinye uMark Twain naye walimala ngenxa yemibumbano yezinhlanga, kodwa lapho-ke lolu hlukana.
Umlobi uyisitha esinamandla sobugqila nemibono yobandlululo, isikhundla sakhe asizange sicashe futhi sayiveza kahle ezincwadini. Kwavele kwabangela intukuthelo yabantu besikhathi sabantu besikhathi. Incwadi ethi Mark Twain mayelana ne-Geclberry Finn yaze yaba khona kusuka kumtapo wezincwadi waseSxachusetts. Kulesi senzakalo, uTwain wabhalela umshicileli:
"Ababandakanyi negazi kusuka kumtapo wezincwadi ngokuthi" udoti, kufanelekile kuphela imijondolo, ngenxa yalokhu, ngokungangabazeki sizothengisa amanye amakhophi ayizinkulungwane ezingama-25 encwadi. "Engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lamashumi amabili, le ncwadi yaqala ukuyikhipha ezinhlelweni kwezinye izikole kwezinye izikole, kodwa kakade ngenxa yezitatimende "zobandlululo", ezitholakele ngokungazelelwe.