Biography
Isithandi-sobulumko saseJapan, ukucinga okuhle, i-biovist yenkululeko yenkulungwane ka-Xix, umbhali kunye noguqulelo iFukudzava Yukiti kakhulu kwilizwe lasekhaya. UnguMbhali wezimvo malunga nemeko yombuso ophawula i-epokotion yokukhanya kwilizwe lelanga eliphumayo, phelisa ezopolitiko zokuzibulala kwaye unike igunya lehlabathi. Kwaye uYukiti wasungula iYunivesithi yaseKayo kwaye yaba nguMongameli wokuqala weNzululwazi yaseJapan, ukuba nefuthe elikhulu kwingcinga yexesha lakhe.Ubuntwana noLutsha
U-Yuki wazalwa ekuqaleni kwe-1835 e-Osaka kwintsapho elula echuma. UFukudzava ngumntwana wesibini wosapho olukhulu. Utata, umntu omncinci, wasebenza kubuncwane bokuveliswa kwabo. Wafa ngequbuliso xa inkwenkwe yayingunyaka onesiqingatha. Umama nabantwana, ngaphandle kokuba nobomi e-Osaka, babuyela kwilizwe lakhe, kwidolophu yaseYustaha kwinxalenye esemantla yesiqithi saseCussi.
Kwibhayiloji yebhayiloji yexesha elizayo, ukusweleka kukatata kuyekiswa: ngenxa yokupapashwa kukaFukudzawa, wayesele eneshumi elivisayo: yedesika yesikolo wahlala phantsi nge-14. Ngokungathi ubusela emva kwexesha, i-guy itshizile igrafite yesayensi ngothuli oluphindwe kabini, olunqabileyo.
Phakathi phakathi kwe-1850, umntakwabo wesithandi-sobulumko, owadlulisela kwilifa lesithuba somzali wakhe, wathumela iFukudzava ukuya kwizibuko laseNagasaki, ukuya kwindawo yokuhlala yaseDatshi ukuze kufundwe ulwimi. Ngokutsho kwembono yeYukiti ephezulu, emva koko kwakufuneka abenze ishishini lomkhosi. Kodwa waphulaphula kuphela ikhosi yentshayelelo kwaye, efuna ukufunda ngakumbi, efudukele eOsaka. Apha kwindlu yendwendwe yabucala, uOgati, wathabatha iiSayensi zeNdalo kwaye waba ngumfundi obalaseleyo.
Ngo-1857, ukuba kufikelwe ukuphakama kwi-physics, ikhemistri kunye ne-fidists, iFukudzava Yuki yayiyintloko yeziko lemfundo. I-Yukiti ye-Yukiti yaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza. Ngomhla we-1858, umlawuli wamcela ebhotwe lakhe eTokyo ukuba afundise i-Samurai yolwimi lwaseSomandla. Kwindawo ethe kratya yonyaka omnye, utitshala oselula wavula ibhodi yakhe, eyathi kamva yajika yaba yiDyunivesithi yaseCayo.
Kwiminyaka emi-4 ngaphambi kokuba loo nto, ngo-1860, iFukudzava yatyelela iMelika, apho wadibana khona nesixhobo senkqubo yelizwe. Ukubuyela kwakhe kwinkanyano yaba ngumguquleli kurhulumente. Kwinqanaba elifanayo, uYukti wahamba unyaka nothungelelo lwaseYurophu. Ukuba eFrance, eNgilani, iJamani kunye namanye amazwe, babuyela ekhaya ngasekupheleni kuka-1863, ukufundisisa ngokupheleleyo uqoqosho kunye nolwakhiwo lwentlalo-ntsapho.
Ukubuyela eJapan, apho kwaqhambuka imfazwe yamakhaya, yawa kurhulumente, nangona wayechasa amandla e-Conservatism. UFukudzava waphupha ngokuvuleleka kwelizwe, emva kokuba efundwe eYurophu enamathela kwimbono yenkululeko. URhulumente omtsha wanikela isikhundla esiphakamileyo sesayensi kwizikhundla zawo, kodwa wala.
Iincwadi
Ebudeni be-1860 Fukudzavapapapapapa incwadi yokuqala - incwadi yencwadi emithathu ebizwa ngokuba "yimeko yemicimbi eNtshona", efake izinto azibonileyo xa usehamba. Umsebenzi waqalisa ibali malunga nolungiselelo lwentlalo lobomi baloo mazwe abetyelelwe ngumbhali. Enyakeni, incwadi yencwadi ene-an egoniweyo yahlulwa ngokujikeleza kwamawaka angama-200 eekopi.Ngo-1867, i-Bibliography yagcwaliswa kunye neencwadi ezintathu zeSikhokelo zeencwadi ezintsha kunye neenguqulelo. Ngo-1872, umbhali wapapasha umsebenzi "wokucela ukufundisa," apho inkqubo yokugxeka igxekwa kwaye yakhuthaza imfundo. Iikowuti ezibhaliweyo. Phakathi phakathi kwe-1870, inzululwazi yazisa umsebenzi wakhe oyintloko- "isincoko esifutshane somthi wempucuko."
Nge-1900, uMlawuli wanika umntu ocinga ngayo i-24 yamawaka ye-yen, eyayinkulu ngelo xesha imali. Phambi kweDyunivesithi yaseKeio efakwe i-Yukiti.
Ubomi Buqu
Ebutsheni beminyaka yee-1860s, iNzululwazi itshatile. Umlingane O'kin Toki wamnika abantwana abalithoba.
Ubomi bobuqu beFukudzava buyenzekile ngovuyo. Umfazi wahlulahlula iimbono zomyeni wakhe, owamqeqesha ingxelo yakhe. Ukhokelele kwiNcwadi yeNkcitho yasekhaya kwaye ekupheleni konyaka, kunye neqabane lakhe, ekhokelele kwimali eseleyo kuhlahlo-lwabiwo mali losapho. Ifoto yefilosofi ayigcinwanga okanye yabantwana.
Ukufa
Inzululwazi isweleke iminyaka engama-66 kwiTokyo. Intliziyo yakhe yayiyeka ukulwa ekuqaleni kukaFebruwari 1901. Unobangela wokufa kukaFukudzava ayaziwa. Indawo yokungcwatywa kwabantu baba yitempile ye-dzhempukhu-ji, enye yezona zinto zidala eTokyo.I-Bibliography
- Ngo-18666-1869 - "Indawo yeNtshona"
- Ngo-1872 - "Fiza ulwazi"
- Ngo-1875 - "isincoko esifutshane sethiyori yempucuko"
- Ngo-1875 - "Fowunela ukufundisa"
- Ngo-1877 - "ekwenzeni abantu"
- Ngo-1878 - "Iintetho ezithandwayo kumalungelo abantu"