Biography
Nhamba dzeUNLCO dzinodaidza kuti mabhuku ezvinyorwa zvechikepe chechikepe, munyori wechiFrench uye geologist jules gabriel mune nhamba yeiyo translation mushure mekunyora kwe "Dete vekuru" agata drausie.
Vana Verne vakazvarwa muna 1828 muguta reNantes, riri mumuromo we loire uye mune polustener yemakiromita kubva kuAtlantic Ocean.
Jules Gabriel - dangwe mumhuri yekutenda. Kwapera gore mushure mekuzvarwa kwake, mwanakomana wechipiri, mwanakomana waPauro akaoneka mumhuri, uye mushure memakore matanhatu, hanzvadzi Ana, Matie akaberekwa nemusiyano wemakore matatu. Musoro wemhuri igweta mune yechipiri chizvarwa pierre verne. Madzitateguru aamai Varimi Verne - Celts uye Scots, avo vakatamira kuFrance muXviii century.
Muchibvumirano, denderedzwa rezvekuita zvekusevha vakasarudzwa: Mukomana ane mudziyo akaverenga ngano, kupa zvido zvekutevera, uye vaiziva zvese nezve ngarava, yachts nedenga. Kuziva kwaJules kwakakamura mukoma mudiki Paul. Kuda kwegungwa nevakomana vakadurura Sekuru.
Pamakore gumi nemaviri evharu verne akatumirwa kune yakavharwa lycum. Mushure mekupera kweGesthouse, Musoro wemhuri wakamanikidza kusvika kwemwanakomana wedangwe mukubvuma kwepamutemo. Iye murume wacho haana kuda kuora kwake, asi akapa baba vake uye akapfuura mabvunzira muParis Institute. Vechidiki Vanoda Zvinyorwa uye Chido Chitsva - Theatre - Yakanyanya Kukanganiswa neLovice Gweta kubva kuCocures kurudyi. Jues Verne akanyangarika mune zvemitambo akamira, haana kupotsa chero preemiere uye akatanga kunyora mitamba uye libretto yeiyo opera.
Baba vacho, avo vakabhadhara mufundisi wavo, vakatsamwa uye vakamira vana vemari. Munyori wechidiki akazviona ari padanho rehurombo. Tsigira iyo noviger yaunoshanda naye Alexander Duma. Padanho redhiya rake, akaisa mutambo pawaunoshanda naye ane makore maviri "anoputswa".
Ndainakidzwa nevanoona, uye Duma akaburitsa mutambi. Mumakore iwayo, jules Verne vakasangana neMwanakomana weDumas - Alexander Duma Jr. naViktor Hugo.
Kuti ndirarame, munyori wechidiki uyu aishanda nemunyori muMuparidzi uye nekudzidzisa.
Mabhuku
Iyo peji idzva muzvivakwa zvekusika yeVarviro vakaoneka muna 1851: Munyori ane makore 23 akanyora uye akaburitsa muJurnal nyaya yekutanga "Drama muMexico". Kuitwa kwakazoita kuti ubudirire, uye munyori wependi mune imwe vhiya akagadzira nyaya dzenyu gumi nembiri dzevirahwe, magamba ana anowira munzvimbo inoshamisa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasi.
Kubva 1852 kusvika 1854, vana vevarwi vakashanda muLyrical theatre Duma, ndokugadzirisa broker, asi havana kumira kunyora. Kubva pakunyora nyaya pfupi, comedies naLibretto, akatamira kuzvisikwa zvevhu.
Kubudirira kwakauya kutanga kwa 1860s: Jules Vernane yakanyanya kunyora kutenderera kweRoma, yakabatana nezita "kufamba kusingawanzo". Novel wekutanga "vhiki shanu mumhepo" vakaonekwa muna 1863. Basa racho rakaburitswa pierre-jukuru muparidzi mu "bhuku rake rekudzidza uye nhandaro". Mugore rimwe chetero, bhuku racho rakatamiswa kuchirungu.
MuRussia, romance romance kubva kuFrance vakabuda muna 1864 vakanzi "ndege kuburikidza neAfrica. Yakagadzirirwa kuyeuka kwemusoro Dr. Ferguson Julia.
Kwapera gore, kurwadziswa kwechipiri kwekutenderera kwakaonekwa, kunonzi "rwendo kuenda kunzvimbo yepasi", kutaura nezvaProfesa kweMoodralogy, uyo akawana manyorerwo eIcelandic alchemist alchemist alchemist. Mugwaro rakanyorwa, rinoudzwa nzira yekupinda mumusimbe yepasi kuburikidza nekosi yacho mumakomo. Sci-fi mitezo yemabasa evarimi yakavakirwa pane hypothesis haina kurambwa zvizere muzana ramakore re19 kuti pasi riripo.
Muna 1865, Jules Verictal akaburitsa zvinyorwa zviviri zvekutenderera - "Kufamba uye zvimedu zvaKapteni Gatheras" uye "kubva pasi pamwedzi".
Upamhi rekutanga rinotaura nezvekubuda kwenyika kuchamhembe. Mukati memakore ekunyora, danda rakanga risingawanikwe uye munyori akamiririra neyevhudzi rakaringana, riri pakati pegungwa. Mubasa repiri, "yekutanga" rwendo rwemunhu rwakaitwawo kufanotaura. Iye munyori wekunyepedzera anotsanangura zvishandiso zvaibvumira magamba ake kufema munzvimbo. Iyo nheyo yechiitiko chavo yakafanana neyazvino midziyo: kucheneswa kwemhepo.
Kufungidzira kaviri kwakabatana muhupenyu - kushandiswa kweAluminium mumunda weAerospace uye nzvimbo yeCosgoriteme prototype ("Cannon Club"). Maererano nemunyori, iyo mota-projectice, kubva kune iyo magamba emagamba, iri muFlorida.
Muna 1867, vana vevarwi vakaratidza vateveri ve "vana vaRoma", vaive kaviri neSoviet Union. Nguva yekutanga muna 1936 nemukuru weVladimir Weinshk, yechipiri - muna 1986 neStanislav Govorukhin.
"Vana vaKapteni Grant" ndicho chikamu chekutanga chechitatu. " Mushure memakore matatu, bhuku rinonzi "zviuru makumi maviri Lei pasi pemvura" rakabudiswa uye muna 1874 - "zvisinganzwisisike chitsuwa", Roman-RobinsonAnTha. Mubasa rekutanga, nhoroondo yaKaputeni neko, yakamonerwa mukati memukati marovhu puchins paNautilus Submarine. Pfungwa yechiRoma Julia ichakurudzirwa nemunyori Georges jecha, fan yekugadzira kwake. Iyo novel yaive yakavakirwa pamafirimu masere, mumwe wavo - "Kapteni Nemo" - Shot in the ussr.
Muna 1869, vasati vanyora zvikamu zviviri zveThetriy, vana vechienzi vanoti "kubva pasi zvichienda kumwedzi" - "kutenderedza mwedzi", ane magamba aya akafanana neyekuAmerica.
Iyo yekushambadzira zita "kutenderera nyika kwemazuva makumi masere" Jules Verne akaunzwa muna 1872. Magamba ake, Briton-aristocrat Fogg uye Belmisking neSelprising Passparts Paspartu, akanyanya kufararira kuti nyaya yemaruva inovharirwa katatu uye kune simbi shanu dzekatuni muAustralia, Poland, Spain neJapan neJapan. MuSoviet Union, iyo katuni yakagadzirwa neAustralia Director Laif Graham, iyo yekutanga yakaitika mukati mechikoro chenguva yechikoro zororo muna 1981.
Muna 1878, Jules Verne akaunza nyaya ye "Mutungamiriri ane makore gumi nemashanu" nezve mutyairi wechikepe weDick Sande, uyo akaraira mudziyo wayo wokushambidzira, uyo timu yake yakaurayiwa muhondo ne whale.
MuSoviet Union paNovil, mafirimu maviri akabviswa: Muna 1945, Mutungamiriri ane gumi nemashanu ane makore gumi nemashanu "uye muna 1986" Kaputeni Pibvurimi "" Andrei Prachenko, mune iyo Shumba Durov nyeredzi , Albert Philosov uye Leonid Yarmolnik.
Mukusvika manhamba ezvevhu, mafani ezvekusikwa akaona kutya kwekutya kwemunyori kusati kwakurumidza kufambira mberi kwesainzi uye nyevero kubva mukushandiswa kwezviwanikwa muhutachiona. Iyi ndiyo bhuku re 1869 "mureza weMambo" uye bhuku mbiri uye noupamhi maviri rakanyorwa kutanga kwa1900s: "Ishe wenyika" uye "zvisingawanzoitika pakubuda kweBaravaka". Basa rekupedzisira raive rekuwedzera kumwanakomana wemavambo evarwi - Michel Vernic.
Manyorero ekupedzisira emunyori weFrance haana kuzivikanwa kupfuura pakutanga uye akanyorwa muma60-70s. Jules Verne akafuridzirwa pane anoshanda kwete mukunyarara kwehofisi, asi pakufamba. Pamasha "venhema-michel" (iyo midziyo mitatu yemuchato inonzi) akafamba neGungwa reMedhiya, akashanyira Lisbon, England neScandinavia. Pamhepo "Greit-Eastern" yakaita transatlantic cruise kuAmerica.
Muna 1884, vana vernne vakashanyira nyika dzeMediterranean. Rwendo urwu ndirwo rwekupedzisira muhupenyu hwemunyori weFrench.
Nyanzvi yeNovelsist yakanyora 66 novels, inodarika makumi maviri nyaya uye makumi matatu emitambo. Mushure mekufa kwake, hama, tichiona zvinyorwa, vakawana manyoro akawanda ayo anodzvanywa verene akaronga kushandisa mukunyora mabasa emberi. "Paris" mune makumi maviri emakore "vaverengi vakaona muna 1994.
Hupenyu Hwako
Muroora wake weramangwana - Onorina de Vian - Jues Verne akasangana muchirimo che 1856 muAmiens kumuchato weshamwari. Pakanga pasina zvipingamupinyi kumanzwiro ekupenya kubva kune wekare muchato (murume wekutanga De wian akafa).
Muna Ndira wegore rinotevera, vadikani vakaroora. Onorina ane vana akatamira kuParis, kwaaigara uye akashanda nemavara evarwi. Mushure memakore mana, Mwanakomana Micheri akazvarwa ari vaviri. Mukomana akaoneka baba paSero-Micheri akafamba neGungwa reMedithera.
Michel jean Pierre Verne muna 1912 akagadzira kambani yefirimu, pane iyo iyo mafuro mashanu ehutsva shanu dzakachengetedzwa.
Muzukuru weNovelsist - Jean-Juoles Verne - Muna 1970s akaburitsa monograph nezve sekuru vekuru nasekuru, iyo yakanyorwa nemakore makumi mana. MuSoviet Union, yakaoneka muna 1978.
Rufu
Makore makumi maviri nematanhatu emakore ehupenyu Varimi vaigara mumba maEmute uko dzidziso dzakatarisirwa kucherechedzo. Muchirimo cha 1886, munyori akakuvadzwa mugumbo rekurwara nepfungwa - mwanakomana wemunda ichokwadi. Nezvekufamba kwandaifanira kukanganwa. Shuwa chirwere cheshuga chakabatana nejekiseni uye mumakore maviri apfuura - bofu.
Jules Verne akafa muna Kurume 1905. Muchivira, mabhuku zviuru makumi maviri akasara muchivako, maari akanyora ruzivo kubva kumatavi eSainzi.
Chivanhu chakagadzwa paguva remuchina, rinoti: "Kusafi uye paudiki Husingaperi."
Chokwadi chinonakidza
- Pamakore gumi nematanhatu, vana vevarwi vanohaya pachigamuchi cheYunga cheYunga ndokupwanya kuenda kuIndia.
- Munyonganiso "Paris mune makumi maviri emakore" jekiseni verne akafanotaura kutaridzika kweFax, kutaurirana kwevhidhiyo, chigaro chemagetsi neterevhizheni. Asi muparidzi akadzoka kuzodzoka manyoro, achidana "idiot".
- "Paris" yechiJudha "vaverengi vakaona nokutenda vakanyanya-sekuru vevarwi vevarwi - Zhana vachadzoka. Hafu yezari yezana, basa raionekwa semhuri, asi Jean - Opera Tenor - akawana manyorerwo mumhuri yekuchengetedza mhuri.
- Muchiitiko "kushamwaridzana kusingawanzoitika kweBaksaka Expedition" Jules Verne akafanotaura vhezi dzinodzika mumhepo.
- Mu "zvinowanikwa kubva kuMufi" Zingtia ", munyori akaruramisa kukosha kwenzira yegungwa yekuchamhembe kweanofamba.
- Jules Verne haana kufanotaura kutaridzika kweiyo submarine - munguva yake yaakatovapo. Asi nautilus, yakachengetedzwa naCaptain Nemo, yakapfuura kunyange mbambo dzezana ramakore reXXI.
- Prosper aive asiri kukanganisa, achiverenga musimboti wepasi anotonhora.
- Mune zvipfumbamwe zvipenyu, vana vevarwi vakatsanangura zviitiko zvinoitika muRussia, vasingamboshanyira nyika.
Quotes verna
- "Aiziva kuti muhupenyu hwaizobatanidzwa muhupenyu, sezvavanotaura, vanoti pakati pevanhu, uye kubvira pakukakavara kuchideredza kufamba, iye akaramba nzira yose."
- "Tiger iri nani pabani pane iyo nyoka panyika pakasimba."
- "Hachisi chokwadi, nekuti kana ndisina kana kuroora, ndichava munhuwo zvake!".
- "Iyi yeChirungu haambojekesa kana zvasvika kune chinhu chakakomba sekubheja."
- "Kunhuhwirira kwemweya wemaruva."
- "New Zealanders inodya vanhu chete mune yakakangwa kana kuputa. Ivo vanhu vakanaka uye mbudzi huru. "
- "Kudikanwa kwakanakisa mudzidzisi muzvikonzero zvese zvehupenyu."
- "Izvo zvidiki izvo zvinoshamisa, izvo zviduku zvishoma, uye zvishoma zvinodiwa, munhu anofara kwazvo."
BHAIBHERI
- 1863 "Vhiki Shanu dziri muBalloon"
- 1864 "Rwendo Kusvikira Pasi Pasi"
- 1865 "Kufamba uye Adventures of Captain Gatteras"
- 1867 "Vana vaKapateni vanopa. Kufamba Munyika "
- 1869 "Kutenderera Mwedzi"
- 1869 "Makumi maviri emhando dzechikepe pasi pemvura"
- 1872 "Pasi Pese Kwemazuva masere"
- 1874 "Chisikwa Chisinganzwisisike"
- 1878 "Mutungamiriri ane makore gumi nemashanu"
- 1885 "Inowanikwa Kubva Kumufi" Zingtia "
- 1892 "Carele muVatariki"
- 1904 "Ishe Wenyika"
- 1909 "Jonathan Shipwreck