I-Biograge
I-Boris Spassky - ISoviet Chess Player, iqhawe lomhlaba kulo mdlalo, ozuze isikhundla soMkhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Ngo-1961 nango-1973, umdlali waba ngumpetha weSoviet Union, futhi wahlanganyela naye eProfayili ama-Olmpiads.Ubuntwana nentsha
UBoris Spassky wazalwa ngoJanuwari 30, 1937 eLeningrad futhi waba yindodana encane yabasebenzi kanye nothisha. Ngokubambisana nomfowabo, uBoria omncane wakhishwa ngesikhathi sokuvinjwa komuzi esifundeni saseKirov, esigodini esibizwa ngokuthi iKorsik. Bakwazile ngokuyisimangaliso ukugwema ukuqhuma kwamabhomu futhi bafike kwizintandane. UBoris waba nentshisekelo nge-chess.
Ngo-1943, abazali bathatha amadodana, behlwanyela ukuphuma eLeningrad. Lo mndeni wathuthela emadolobheni amancane wahlala edolobhaneni laseSverdlovsky. Ubaba wabafana washiya umama wabo lapho ekhulelwe ingane yesithathu, indodakazi eyi-Iread.
Lapho impi iphela futhi i-spasski ibuyela ekhaya, uBoris akazange akhohlwe ngama-chess ukuzilibazisa. Ngiseyingane, wachitha isikhathi esiningi ePavilion of Cpkio, lapho abathandi bomdlalo babuthana khona. Ngo-1946, umfana onolwazi wokukhula ophansi waba umhlanganyeli eProfile Mug neLeningrad Palaceeers. Umeluleki wakhe kwakunguVladimir Zack.
Umqeqeshi uqaphele ukuthi lesi sigceme sikhombisa amandla amangalisayo. Ngonyaka nje, osemusha wadlulisela indinganiso yokuthi ngingenele. Ngo-1948, uBoris wawina ebusheni bentsha "izinqolobane zabasebenzi". Kusukela ngo-1949 kuya ku-1955, uLeningradets waphikisana nezwe lezingqwele zezwe. Ngo-1949, njengengxenye yeqembu labalingani, wawunqoba lo mncintiswano.
Isidlali se-Chess sathola imfundo yabantu. Ngo-1959 waba yisipho se-Faculty of Reliational St. Petersburg State University, kepha i-biography ehambisana nomunye umsebenzi.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Umdlali weChess washada kathathu, futhi kwavela izingane ezihlangene kulolo nalowo. Umdlali wokuqala womshado waba yiNadezhda Latinsev. Umshado wenzeka ngo-1959, futhi ngawo-1960 indodakazi kaTatyana yavela ngokukhanya. Ngo-1961, umbhangqwana wahlukanisa.Ngo-1967, uBoris Spassky wathola injabulo empilweni yakhe noLarisa Solovyva. Indodana kaVasily wazalwa emndenini. Akazange ahambe ezinyathelweni zikayise, kodwa waba yintatheli yomculo.
Unkosikazi wesithathu woMkhulu waphenduka waba nguMarina Shcherbachev. Umfazi waseFrance waseRussia umsuka, wabala umzukulu wakhe ku-White General Dmitry Shcherbachev. Ukujwayelana kokushada kwezithombe zesikhathi esizayo kwenzeka ngo-1974. Ngeminyaka yama-1980, indodana kaBoris-Alexander-George yazalelwa kulo mbhangqwana. Lo mshado wawungukude kakhulu kwe-spassky. Ngo-2012, uBoris Vasilyevich wanikeza isehlukaniso.
Ngo-2016, umdlali weChess wabopha impilo ngonkosikazi wezakhamuzi uValentina kuznetova. Umndeni uhlala eMoscow.
Nendlovukazi
Ngemuva kwesikweletu esikhulu, ebanjelwe ebusheni bomhlaba wentsha, i-spassky ayikwazanga ukunqoba imijikelezo emibili yokuphikisana, kepha yaheha ukunakwa kochwepheshe.
Ukushintsha umqeqeshi futhi ukhethe u-Alexander Toluha, uBoris wathatha indawo yesi-2 eLeningrad Championship, kwathi ngemuva konyaka, uDebul wakhe wabanjwa emiqhudelwaneni yamazwe aphesheya eBucharest. Le nsizwa yathola izindawo ezi-4-6. Ngo-1954, umdlali weChess wawina umqhudelwano wamakhosi amasha ezweni lakubo futhi wabamba iqhaza kwimithombo yeSoviet Union Championship, ebiza umncintiswano onamandla kunawo wonke. Eminyakeni engu-18 wayengumgogodla osemusha kakhulu waleyo minyaka.
Emqhudelwaneni wasekhaya ngo-1957, iSpassky ihlukanise indawo yesi-4 nele-5 nomeluleki ka-Alexander TOLUS, futhi emqhudelwaneni wezwe ngilahlekelwe yiMikhail Tallu. Ngo-1959 kwaletha ukunqoba emncintiswaneni wezwe laseBaltic. Umhlangano wokuqala noRobert Fisher, lapho uLeningradets eba ngumdlalo wabanjwa khona lapho umqhudelwano eMar-Del Plata. Emigqeni engenhla yokuma, wazithola eseyi-duet enomphikisi.
Ngo-1960, uBoris washiya umqeqeshi futhi waqala ukubambisana isikhathi eside no-Igor Bondarevsky, i-theorist eyayishiya izinkulumo emiqhudelwaneni futhi yaba nesipiliyoni sokululeka. Ngo-1961, uLeningradets waba ngumpetha we-USSR.
Ngaleso sikhathi esifanayo, kudalulwe umzukulu eChess Olympiad, emelela izintshisekelo zeqembu likazwelonke leSoviet Union. Iqembu lasekhaya liwine umqhudelwano wegolide, futhi iSpassky yathatha indawo yokuqala ngefomethi yomuntu ngamunye. Ngemuva kokuthola ithuba lokuya emncintiswaneni we-emsterdam e-Amsterdam, umdlali wahlukanisa indawo eyi-1-4 ehlukanise ngokuqondile, uMikhail Thalem futhi waquna. Emihlanganweni elandelayo, wawina kalula izimbangi phezu kwazo zonke izimbangi.
Umjikelezo omusha wokuphikisana naye waqala nge-Boris ngo-1968. Ngemuva konyaka, waba ngumpetha weplanethi le-10, wehlula uPetrosyan. Lo nyaka uthathwa njengento ephezulu yomsebenzi omkhulu. Umdlali uwine umqhele we-chess futhi wayengumsubathi wendawo yonke.
Ngo-1970, uBoris Spassky wabamba iqhaza eMkhandlwini wethimba le-USSR National Team ngokumelene neqembu leqembu lomhlaba futhi wasebenzisa i-duel yakhe ekudwebeni.
Ngo-1972, isidlali se-chess sanikela nge-bobby fishera emlinganisweni we-raykjavik ephathini le-6th le-6. Abanye bathethelele ubuthakathaka obungalindelekile beLeningrad iqiniso lokuthi iSpassKy livilapha, kanti abanye babona inhloli kuyo. Ngakho-ke, sonke isikhathi sihlala e-Iceland Boris sasingaphansi kokulawulwa kwezinsizakalo ezikhethekile. Kusukela ngo-1972, uGrossmaster wahlala eFrance.
Isidlali se-Chess izikhathi ezi-4 sizame ukubuyisa isihloko, kepha umzamo ngamunye wawufanele wehluleke. Ngo-1974, uBoris Vasilyevich wanikela e-Anatolia Karpov, ngemuva kweminyaka engu-4 - futhi ngawo-viktor ku-1980s elahlekile uLtosh Porto.
Ngo-1973, waba ngumpetha weSoviet Union, ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2 wayengowesibili eSikhumbuzweni sase-Alekhina, kwathi ngo-1977, kanye neKarpov, kwaba ngumnqobi womqhudelwano eBugoyno. Lapho-ke ukunqoba kwalandelwa eMontille.
Ngeminyaka yama-1980s, impumelelo kaSpassky yaba yisizotha. Uvame ukuqeda ukufana emdwebeni, uzama ukwenza isikhathi esifushane. UBoris Vasilyevich wabamba iqhaza emiqhudelwaneni yezentengiselwano, ukunqoba lapho aletha khona imali. Ukunqoba okukhulu koMkhulu kuMkhulu kwavela ukuthi kusebenza eLinares ngo-1983, lapho umkhulu ezungeza iKarpov.
Ama-1990 aletha udaka epulazilweni laseHunit noFiasco kulo mdlalo. Umdlali weChess wenziwe kaninginingi emiqhudelwaneni, elwa nabesifazane. Ngo-1992, uSpassky wabanjwa nabadobi, ehlelwe eYugoslavia. UBoris Vasilyevich wanikela nge-VISA yesikhathi eside.
Ngemuva kokuqeda umsebenzi wakhe, i-spassky igxile ekuthandeni komdlalo we-chess. Wabamba iqhaza ekuvulekeni kwesikole sephrofayili, walingisa uhlelo lweviki le-chess, wabhala incwadi ye-autobiographical "Indlela yami ye-Chess". Umdlali uphinde wakhuluma nomjikelezo wezinkulumo e-United States.
Imivimbo emibili kanye nomsebenzi osindayo eMoscow, umdlali we-chess wavuselelwa eFrance. Ngo-2012, uSpassky wabuyela ezweni lakubo ngokusemthethweni. IsiRussia ngobuzwe, manje wayenesakhamuzi ezimbili - isiRussia nesiFulentshi. Ngemuva kokuthola kabusha umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kusukela ngo-2013 Boris Vasis Vasilyevich waqala ukubuyisa oxhumana nabo nomphakathi ochwepheshe futhi washintsha umfelandawonye weChess nge-French kuya eRussia.
I-Boris Spassky manje
Ngo-2020, uBoris Vasilyevich Spassky uthathwa njengomuntu odala kunawo wonke wanamuhla wompetha womhlaba wanamuhla kumdlalo we-chess. Manje ugogo akavamile ukunikeza izingxoxo, futhi isithombe se-ex-champion sivela ezincwadini eziphrintiwe neziprintiwe maqondana nezinsuku zokukhumbula zomdlali kanye nezikhumbuzo.-Zuzayo
- Ngo-1965 - Inkosikazi Yezemidlalo Yezemidlalo Ye-USSR
- Ngo-1966 - Isibonakaliso esithi "Huadiar Railway"
- 1968 - Order "Udumo Sign"
- 2017 - Hlonani likaMongameli weRussian Federation
- Indondo "Yezabasebenzi"