Biography
Boris Spassky - Soviet chess player, world champion in this sport, which won the rank of international grandmaster. In 1961 and 1973, the player became the champion of the Soviet Union, and also participated in the profile Olympiads.Childhood and youth
Boris Spassky was born on January 30, 1937 in Leningrad and became the younger son of a military personnel and teacher. Together with his brother, a little Boria was evacuated during the blockade of the city to the Kirov region, in the village called the Korsik. They miraculously managed to avoid bombing and get to the orphanage. Boris became interested in chess.
In 1943, parents took the sons, sowing to get out of Leningrad. The family moved to the suburbs and settled in the village of Sverdlovsky. The father of the boys left their mother when she was pregnant with a third child, daughter Iraid.
When the war ended and the Spasski returned home, Boris did not forget about chess hobbies. As a child, he spent a lot of time in the Pavilion of CPKIO, where the game lovers gathered. In 1946, an inquisitive boy of low growth became a participant in the profile mug with the Leningrad Palace of Pioneers. His mentor was Vladimir Zack.
The coach noticed that the ward demonstrates amazing potential. In just a year, the teenager passed the standard for the I discharge. In 1948, Boris won in the youth championship "Labor reserves". From 1949 to 1955, Leningradets opposed the country of the country's championships. In 1949, as part of the team of partners, he won the competition.
Chess player received humanitarian education. In 1959 he became a graduate of the Faculty of Journalism St. Petersburg State University, but the biography associated with another activity.
Personal life
The chess player was married three times, and joint children appeared in each of them. The first spouse player became Nadezhda Latinsev. The wedding took place in 1959, and in the 1960s the daughter of Tatyana appeared per light. In 1961, a couple divorced.In 1967, Boris Spassky gained happiness in his personal life with Larisa Solovyva. The son of Vasily was born in the family. He did not go in the footsteps of his father, but became a musical journalist.
The third wife of the grandmaster turned out to be Marina Shcherbachev. Frenchwoman of Russian origin, she accounted for his granddaughter to the White General Dmitry Shcherbachev. Familiarity of future spouses took place in 1974. In the 1980s, the son of Boris-Alexander-George was born at the couple. This marriage was the longest for Spassky. In 2012, Boris Vasilyevich gave a divorce.
In 2016, the chess player tied life with a civilian wife Valentina Kuznetsova. The family lives in Moscow.
Chess
After a loud debut, held on the youth World Championship, Spassky could not overcome two contender cycles twice, but attracted the attention of experts.
Changing the coach and preferred Alexander Toluha, Boris took the 2nd place on the Leningrad Championship, and a year later, his debut was held at international competitions in Bucharest. The young man got 4-6th places. In 1954, the chess player won the tournament of young masters in his hometown and participated in the semifinals of the Soviet Union championship, claiming the strongest contest. By 18 years he was the most young grandmaster of those years.
In the domestic championship of 1957, Spassky divided the 4th and 5th place with the mentor Alexander Tolus, and in the championship of the country I lost to Mikhail Tallu. 1959 brought a victory on the Baltic Country Competition. The first meeting with Robert Fisher, in which Leningradets became a match was held at the tournament in Mar-del Plata. On the upper rows of the standings, he found himself in a duet with an opponent.
In 1960, Boris left the coach and began a long-term cooperation with Igor Bondarevsky, a theorist who abandoned the speeches at competitions and had the experience of mentoring. In 1961, Leningradets became the Champion of the USSR.
In the same period, grandmaster debuted at the Chess Olympiad, representing the interests of the national team of the Soviet Union. The domestic team won the tournament gold, and Spassky took the 1st place in an individual format. After getting the opportunity to go to the interzonal competition in Amsterdam, the player divided the 1-4th place with Vasily Sidly, Mikhail Thalem and Bente Larsen. In subsequent meetings, he easily won the rivals over all rivals.
The new contender cycle began for Boris in 1968. A year later, he became the 10th planet champion, defeated Petrosyan. This year is considered a peak of a grandmaster career. The player won the chess crown and was a universal athlete.
In 1970, Boris Spassky participated in the Council of the USSR national team against the team of the world team and spent his duel in a draw.
In 1972, a chess player gave way to Bobby Fishera in a raykjavik match in the legendary 6th party. Some justified the unexpected weakness of Leningrad to the fact that Spassky is lazy, and others saw a spy in it. Therefore, all the time staying in Iceland Boris was under the control of the special services. Since 1972, Grossmaster lived in France.
Chess player 4 times tried to return the title, but each attempt turned out to be failed. In 1974, Boris Vasilyevich gave way to Anatolia Karpov, after 4 years - Viktor Kurchny, and in the 1980s lost Lyosh Porto.
In 1973, he became the champion of the Soviet Union, after 2 years he was the second at the Alekhina Memorial, and in 1977, together with Karpov, turned out to be the winner of the tournament in Bugoyno. Then the triumph was followed in Montille.
In the 1980s, Spassky's successee became modest. He more often ended the matches in a draw, trying to make rivalry short-term. Boris Vasilyevich participated in commercial competitions, victories in which they brought income. The final loud triumph of the grandmaster turned out to be a performance in Linares in 1983, when the grandmaster went around Karpov.
The 1990s brought a duel from Judit Polgar and Fiasco in the match. The chess player has repeatedly performed in tournaments, fighting with women. In 1992, Spassky was held with Fisher, organized in Yugoslavia. Boris Vasilyevich gave way to a long time visa.
After completing his career, Spassky focused on the popularization of the game of chess. He participated in the opening of the profile school, headed the edition of the Chess Week, wrote the autobiographical book "My Chess Path". The player also spoke with a lecture cycle in the United States.
Two strokes and a heavy operation in Moscow, the chess player was rehabilitated in France. In 2012, Spassky officially returned to his homeland. Russian by nationality, now he possessed two citizenship - Russian and French. After recovering from a hypertension, from 2013 Boris Vasilyevich began to restore contacts with the professional community and changed the chess federation with French to Russian.
Boris Spassky now
In 2020, Boris Vasilyevich Spassky is considered the oldest of modern world champions in the game of chess. Now the grandmaster rarely gives interviews, and the photo of the ex-champion appears in printed and Internet publications in connection with the player's commemorative dates and anniversaries.Awards
- 1965 - Honored Master of Sports of the USSR
- 1966 - the sign "Honor Railway"
- 1968 - Order "Honor Sign"
- 2017 - Honor of the President of the Russian Federation
- Medal "For Labor Valor"