I-Biograge
NgoJanuwari 27, 1942, i-athikili kaPeter Lidova "Tanya" yakhishwa ephephandabeni "Pravda". Umdwebo watshelwa ekufeni kobuqhawe kwe-komsomolskaya encane, amaPartis abizwa ngokuthi igama likaTanya ngesikhathi sokuhlukunyezwa. Intombazane yathumba amaJalimane yalengiswa esigcawini esisedolobheni lasePhestishchev, emadolobheni amancane. Kamuva kungenzeka ukuthi kwasungulwa igama: Kwavela ukuthi iKomsomolka Zoya KosmodemMyMyMmaneanka. Le ntombazane yabiza igama likaTanya ngekhanda isithombe salo, iqhawe leMpi Yombango Tatiana Somali.Akukho sinye isizukulwane sentsha yaseSoviet esanda ngesibonelo sesibindi, ukuzinikezela kanye nobuqhawe bentsha yabantu abasha, njengoZoya KosmodemManskaya, owanikeza impilo yokulwa nabahlaseli bakaFascist phakathi nempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe lonke. Abafana babazi ukuthi, kungenzeka kakhulu, babezokufa. Azidingi udumo - basindisa izwe lakubo. UZoya KosmodemSkaya waba ngowesifazane wokuqala owathola isihloko seqhawe seSoviet Union (ngobuhlakani) ngesikhathi sempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe.
Ubuntwana
UZoya KosmodemAnskaya wazalwa ngoSepthemba 13, 1923 edolobhaneni lase-Osinov Gai, esifundeni saseGavrilovsky esifundeni saseTambov. Uthando lukamama Timofeevna (eChurikova's Majmik) nobaba u-Anatoly Petrovich asebenze njengothisha besikole.
Ubaba Anatolia wafundela isikhashana ku-seminary engokomoya. Wavuka emndenini kaPristise Petro John Devventich Kozmodemiansky, owayekhonza esontweni edolobhaneni lase-Osin Guy. Ehlobo lika-1918, ngosizo lwabapristi abaphikisayo, amaBolshevik ahlupheka futhi afa. Isidumbu satholakala ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuphela kamuva. Umpristi wangcwatshwa odongeni lweSonto laseZenamensky, lapho inkonzo yaholelwa khona.
Edolobhaneni, umndeni wakwaZoe waphila ngo-1929, wabe esebalekela eDonos, wathuthela eSiberia, edolobhaneni laseShttleino Irkutsk esifundeni. Lapho, umndeni wawuphila kancane ngaphezu konyaka. Ngo-1930, udadewabo ka-Olga osekhulile, owayesebenza eMorissermary yabantu, wasiza uKosmodemwethu ukuba athuthele eMoscow. EMoscow, umndeni wawuhlala emaphethelweni, eduze kwesiteshi eduzane naseMoscow, endaweni yeTimiryazevskyky Park. Kusukela ngo-1933 ngemuva kokushona kukayise (intombazane kababa kwashona ngemuva kokuhlinzwa emathunjini) UZoya nomfowethu omncane uSasha uSasha uSasha wahlala ezintathu zazo nomama.
UZoya KosmodemSkaya othweswe iziqu ezivela kumabanga we-9 wesikole sango-9st (manje eyi-Gymnasium No. 201 U. Uqanjwe ngoZoe no-Alexander Kosmodemminkih) Idolobha laseMoscow. Wafunda "okuhle kakhulu"; Wayeyithanda le ndaba nezincwadi, ephupha ngokungena kwi-Institute Eventiture. Ngenxa yemvelo eqondile, ulimi olujwayelekile nontanga etholakele.
Kusukela ngo-1939, ngokusho kwezinkumbulo zikamama, uZoya wahlushwa isifo sokwethuka. Ekupheleni kuka-1940, uZoya wagula nge-meningitisis ebukhali. Ebusika bango-1941, ngemuva kokululama okukhulu, amandla aye eSokolniki, eSanatorium yabantu, ezigulini ezinezifo zezinzwa. Lapho, ngajwayelana futhi ngenza abangane nomlobi u-Arkady Gaidar.
Ukuze sigcwaliseke ngekusasa leZoe, kanye nontanga, bavimbela impi. Ngo-Okthoba 31, 1941, uZoya KosmodemMannskaya, kanye namavolontiya angama-2 000 avela eKomsoMol, afika endaweni eyindida, etholakala eColosseum Cinema, lapho afunda khona lapho eya khona lapho eya khona ekuqeqeshweni kokuqala kwayo. Ikhithi yenziwa kusuka ezinganeni zesikole izolo. Kwakhethwa abasubathi: U-Yurik, oqinile, oqinile, okwazi ukumelana nemithwalo esindayo (abantu abanjalo baphinde babizwa ngokuthi "abantu abakhuphukile").
Lapho ungena esikoleni, ukuqashwa kuxwayise ngokuthi ku-Sabontage Umsebenzi kuya ku-5% usinde. Iningi labaphathi liyafa, lithathwe kumaJalimane lapho kwenza i-shuttle ihlasela emuva komphikisi.
Ngemuva kokulungiselela, uZoya waba yilungu lobuhlakani kanye nengxenye yeWestern Front futhi washiywa ngemuva kwesitha. Umsebenzi wokuqala wokulwa kaZoe waphumelela. Njengengxenye yeqembu elivuthayo lishonile umgwaqo eduze kwe-VOLOOkolamsk.
Feat KosmodeminSkaya
I-KosmodemMernskaya ithole isabelo esisha sokulwa, lapho esikhathini esifushane, amaPartisans ayalwa ukuba ashise idolobhana lase-AnashKinovo, e-Usadkovo, ePushkino, eBugailovkoye, eBugailovo, i-Korovina. Ukudicilela phansi abalwa, amabhodlela amaningana anengxubevange ehambisana akhishwe. Izabelo ezinjalo zabakwaPratisans zanikwa ngokuya ngomyalo womkhuleko ophakeme kaJoseph Stalin No. 0428. Kwakuyinqubomgomo kaJoseph Stalin No. 0428. Kwakuyinqubomgomo kaJoseph Stalin No. 0428. Kwakuyinqubomgomo kaJoseph Stalin, Izinto zokuphila zacekelwa phansi endleleni.Ngokusho kwabaningi, lezi zaziyizenzo ezinonya futhi ezingenangqondo, kodwa kwakudingeka ezintweni ezingokoqobo zempi embi - amaJalimane asondela ngokushesha eMoscow. NgoNovemba 21, 1941, ngosuku lokuphuma emsebenzini we-Diversants-Scouts, amabutho asentshonalanga ngaphambili aholwa izimpi ezisindayo endaweni eqinile eStalinogorsk, esifundeni saseVolokolamsk, eMozhaisk, Tikhroretsk.
Ukwenza umsebenzi, kuqokonyiswa umsebenzi, amaqembu amabili abantu abangu-10: IGroup B. S. Khorinov (iminyaka engu-19) noP. S. Provorova (iminyaka eyi-18), eyayihlanganisa iKosmodemMyAnskaya. Ngaphansi kwedolobhana laseGolkovo, womabili la maqembu ayesekuqamekeni, okulahlekelwe: Abanye babanye ababulawa babulawa, futhi abanye ababanjwa bathumba. Abasolwa abasele babehlangene futhi ukwenziwa kwalolu hlelo kwaqhubeka ngaphansi kweqembu laseKriunov.
Ngobusuku bukaNovemba 27, 1941, uZoya KosmodemMannskaya, kanye noBorhili Krhinov noVasili, ngithutha umlilo wokuhamba kwamaJalimane amaJalimane) izindlu ezintathu ezinefindo yokuxhumana, futhi amaJalimane abhalwe ngaphambili ukuthunyelwa ngaphambili. Futhi wabhubhisa futhi amahhashi angama-20 ahloselwe ukuthutha.
Ngokuqhubekisela phambili umsebenzi, ama-Partisans aqoqwe endaweni okuvunyelwene ngayo, kepha ama-Cranes awazange alindele eyabo futhi abuyela ekamu. UClikov wabamba amaJalimane. UZoya wanquma ukuqhubeka nomsebenzi.
Ukudingiswa Nokuhlushwa
NgoNovemba 28, ngemuva kobumnyama bobumnyama, umhlangano omncane wazama ukushisa umlilo weSviridov, owanika ubusuku babamangali, kodwa waqashwa. USvirida waphakamisa i-alamu. Abesifazane babopha amantombazane aboshwe. Ngesikhathi sokuvalelwa, uZoya akazange adubule. Ngaphambi komsebenzi, wanikeza isikhali sentombi, uClaudia Miloradova, owayefika emsebenzini kuqala. Isibhamu sikaClaudia sasinephutha, ngakho-ke uZoe wanikeza isikhali esithembeke ngokwengeziwe.
Kusukela ebufakazini babahlali basePetrishchevo Vasik noPraskovy Kulik, endlini yayo yaholela kuZoya KosmodemMyManskaya, kuyaziwa ukuthi ukuphenywa kwaholwa yizikhulu ezintathu zamaJalimane nomhumushi. Yayihlubulwe futhi yahlela amabhande, yaxosha ukusakazeka emakhazeni. Ngokusho koFakazi, amaJalimane ahlulekile ukuhlwitha imininingwane mayelana nengxenye yentombazane, ngisho nokuhlukunyezwa ngodaka. Ukuphela kwento eyayikusho, obizwa ngegama likaTanya.
OFakazi bakhombisile ukuthi abahlali bendawo baka-A. V. Smirnov noF. V. V. V. V. Solina, izindlu zawo zalinyazwa ezivela ema-arstons zabaphathi abaphapheme. Kamuva bagwetshwa ukudubula ngaphansi kwe-Article 193 yeKhodi yezobugebengu ye-RSFSR ngokubambisana nabamangali ngesikhathi sempi.
Obabazekayo
Ekuseni ngoNovemba 29, 1941, ushayiwe, nemilenze yasefrostbitten, kosmemimemmemmemwethu kosmodemwethunkaya waletha emgwaqweni. Lapho, amaJalimane asevele ekulungiselele izigaqa. Isifuba sentombazane salengiswa isibonakaliso lapho ebhalwe khona ngesiRussia nakuJalimane: "Amakhaya Ezindlu". AmaJalimane amaningi neyasendaweni abuthana kulo mboniso. Ama-fascist athathwe izithombe. Ngaleso sikhathi intombazane yamemeza:"Izakhamizi! Ungami, ungabukeki. Kuyadingeka ukusiza ukulwa nebutho elibomvu, futhi ngokufa kwami kubalingani bethu bazohlanekezela amaFascists aseJalimane. I-Soviet Union ayinakunqotshwa futhi ngeke ihlulwe. "Isibindi esimangalisayo ukuma onqenqemeni lwethuna futhi, ungacabangi ngokufa, shayela ukuzinikela. Ngaleso sikhashana, lapho uZoe efaka i-loop entanyeni, wamemeza igama elithi Legend:
"Silenga malini, wonke umuntu akekho, siyizigidi eziyi-170. Kepha kimi, abalingani bethu bayohlanekezelwa. "Anginaso isikhathi sokusho okunye.
Izinsuku ze-Komsomol ze-HOMSOMET azizange zidutshulwe ezigangeni enye inyanga. Ngaphezulu komzimba ophiyisiwe waqhubeka nokuhlekisa amaFascist adlula edolobhaneni. Ngosuku olusha lwango-1942, imimese emibi, angenalutho, nebele lesikhumba, isidumbu sikaZoe sisuswe emigodini futhi savunyelwa ukungcwaba izakhamizi. Kamuva, lapho umhlaba waseSoviet wasulwa amaFascist, umlotha we-Zoe KosmodemManskaya wavuka emathuneni eNovodevichy eMoscow.
Ukuvuma
I-Komsomilic encane iwuphawu lwenkathi, isibonelo sobuqhawe babantu baseSoviet abakhonjiswe ekulweni nabahlaseli be-fascist phakathi neMpi enkulu yokuthanda izwe lonke.
Kodwa-ke, imininingwane mayelana nokuhamba kwezincane zaleso sikhathi amashumishumi eminyaka yahlukaniswa amashumishumi eminyaka. Lokhu kungenxa yama-oda ezempi kanye nezindlela zokwenziwa, ekubukeni okulula kwendoda ephakathi, enonya kakhulu. Futhi ngokungabizi kuholele kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuqagela, futhi ngisho nangekuphela - ukufakwa "kwabagxeki emlandweni".
Ngakho-ke, emaphephandabeni kukhona izindatshana ezikhuluma ngeSchizophrenia zeKosmodemMyMkaya - okusolwa ukuthi, le nto yenza enye intombazane. Kodwa-ke, asinakuphikwa ukuthi ikhomishini equkethe abamele izikhulu zebutho elibomvu, abamele i-vcc (b), oFakazi abavela eMkhandlwini wedolobhana kanye nezakhamizi, ngokuqinisekiswa kwalokhu isidumbu sokudubula Intombazane ingeyase-Muscovite ZosmodemMyMmaneanka, ephawulwa eMthethweni kusuka ngoFebhuwari 4, 1942. Namuhla akukho ukungabaza ngakho.
Amaqhawe abulewe futhi ahlangana no-Zoe KosmodemMankaya: UTamara Makhinko (washayeka ngesikhathi sokufika), odake uZina noZoya Suvorov (babulawa empini ngaphansi kweSukhinichi), uMasha Golotyukov (Grenade wangena ezandleni zakhe). Amaqhawe kanye nomfowethu omncane ZOE - USasha. U-Alexander Kosmodeemeyansky oneminyaka engu-17 ubudala waya phambili, efunde ngokufa kobuqhawe bukadade. Ithangi elinombhalo ohlangothini "Zoe" kwakuyimpi enkulu. U-Alexander Poro ngokucishe ube yilapho ukuphela kwempi. Ufele empini yendawo yokusekelwa edolobheni laseFir Cirudenkrug, eduze kwaseKönigsberg. Unikeze isihloko seqhawe le-soviet Union.
Ukukhumbula
Isithombe se-heroine zooe kosmodemmanenskaya sathola sandeza ngobuciko obukhulu. Iminyuziyamu, izikhumbuzo, ama-bust - izikhumbuzo zesibindi nokuzinikela kwentombazane encane kusekubonakalisweni.
Ngokukhumbula iZoe Anatolyevna Kosmodeminkanskaya, imigwaqo iqanjwe ngegama endaweni yangemva kweSoviet. I-Street Zoe KosmodemManskaya iseRussia, eBelarus, Kazakhstan, Moldova nase-Ukraine.
Ezinye izinto zibizwa ngokuthi igama lama-guerriana-diversantchiks: Amakamu amaphayona aqanjwe ngoZoe KosmodemMzekaya, izikole, i-asteroid, idolobhana, i-verel, idolobhana, iTank-5 Tank.
Ukubulawa kukaZoe KosmodemManskaya kukhonjiswa ngemisebenzi yobuciko. Imisebenzi ebonakalayo kakhulu ingeyamculi Dmitry Mochal kanye nethimba lokudala le- "Kukryniks".
Ukuhlonipha uZoya, izinkondlo ze-agnia barto, uRobert Christmas noJulia Drunina. Ngo-1943, umklomelo weStalisast wanikezwa uMargarita Aliger, onikezele kwi-KosmodemMyMankaya inkondlo "Zoya." Isiphetho esibuhlungu sabalobi sentombazane esine-tonid and aphesheya - imbongi yaseTurkey yeNazima HIKMET kanye ne-Chinese Poingo.
Mayelana nekusasa leKosmodemMyAnskaya lidubule amafilimu ambalwa. Ngo-1944, isithombe esithi "UZoya" siqondiswe uLeo Arnstema aphuma. UGalina Vodykaya wabandakanyeka endimeni eholayo. Akekho owaziwa kakhulu "egameni lempilo" kanye ne- "Battle for Moscow".
Omunye umenzi wefilimu okhanyayo - umdwebo we- "zoya", i-premiere yayo eyabanjwa ngo-2021. Lapha esithombeni se-heroine savela umlingisi u-Anastasia Mishina. U-Anna Ucolov, wolfgang cherni, olga lapshin kanye nabanye abaculi abavelele abebekwe inkanyezi kwifilimu.