Chiphunzitso
Pa Januware 27, 1942, nkhani ya Peter Lidova "Tanya" idafalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala "Pravda". Chojambulacho chinauzidwa pa Imfa ya Heroc ya achinyamata pomesolskaya, adatcha dzina la Tanya panthawi yozunzidwa. Mtsikanayo adalanda anthu aku Germany ndikupachikidwa pa lalikulu m'mudzi wa Petrishchev, m'mabusa. Pambuyo pake zidatheka kukhazikitsa dzina: zidakhala komsomolka zosmodemyanskaya. Mtsikanayo adatcha dzina la Tanyani kukumbukira fanolo, ngwazi ya nkhondo yapachiweniweni Tamaiana Somakh.Palibe m'badwo umodzi wachinyamata wa Soviet Unitth yomwe idachulukitsa chitsanzo cha kulimba mtima, kudzipereka komanso kugwedezeka kwa achinyamata, monga Zosmodemyansyansyanskaya kwambiri pa nkhondo yayikulu ya dziko lapansi. Amunawo amadziwa kuti, mwina, adzafa. Sakufuna kutchuka - adapulumutsa dziko lakwawo. Zoya kosmodemyanskaya adakhala mayi woyamba yemwe adalandira mutu wa ngwazi ya Soviet Union (Postly) Pa nkhondo yayikulu ya dziko.
Chibwano
Zoya kosmodemyanskaya adabadwa pa Seputembara 13, 1923 m'mudzi wa Osiav Gai, Gavrirrirlovsky chigawo cha Tambbov dera la Tambbov dera la Tambov. Majdaevna (mu Mafumu a Majmik a Anatova) ndi abambo a Katoly petrovich amagwira ntchito ngati aphunzitsi asukulu.
Abambo Anatolia anaphunzira kwakanthawi mu seminare ya uzimu. Anakwera m'banja la Wansembe Peter John Johnrodemineky, yemwe ankatumikira kutchalitchi m'mudzi wa Osin Guy. M'chilimwe cha chaka cha 1918, chothandizira ansembe otsutsa otsutsa, BolSheviks adavutika ndi kufa. Thupi lidapezeka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yokha. Wansembeyo amaikidwa m'manda a tchalitchi cha ZENNSKY, momwe ntchito idatsogoleredwa.
M'mudzimo, banja la Zoe lidakhala chaka cha 1929, kenako, kuthawa dons, kusamukira ku Siberia, m'mudzi wa ShtttIni Irkutsk dera. Kumeneko banja linakhala kotheratu pang'ono pachaka. Mu 1930, mlongo wamkulu wa Olga, yemwe amagwira ntchito ya Classaliat, anathandiza kosmodemyky kusamukira ku Moscow. Ku Moscow, banja limakhala kunja kwa kunja, pafupi ndi siteshoni pafupi ndi Moscow, mu matairsavyky park. Kuyambira 1933 atamwalira bambo ake (atsikana ake atamwalira atachitidwa opaleshoni m'matumbo) Zoya ndi mchimwene wanga Sasha adakhalabe atatu mwa amayi.
Zoya kosmodemyanskaya atamaliza maphunziro a 9 a chaka cha 201st Sukulu (tsopano masewera olimbitsa thupi a 201. tsopano Setlasimen Noe ndi Alexander Kosmodemyeh) mzinda wa Mosmow. Anaphunzira "zabwino"; Amakonda nkhaniyo nkhani ndi mabuku, kulota kulowa m'ndende yolembedwa. Chifukwa cha chilengedwe, chilankhulo chimodzi ndi anzawo anapezeka.
Kuyambira 1939, malinga ndi zokumbukira za mayi, Zoya adavutika ndi matenda amantha. Kumapeto kwa 1940, Zoya kudwala ndi meningitis. M'nyengo yozizira ya 1941, nditachira kwambiri, mphamvu idapita ku Sokolniki, mu sinalirium kwa anthu, odwala matenda amanjenje. Pamenepo ndidadziwana ndikupanga abwenzi ndi wolemba Arkady Gaidar.
Kuti mukwaniritse tsogolo la Zoe, komanso anzawo, adaletsa nkhondoyi. Pa Okutobala 31, 1941, Zoya kosmodemyayoya, pamodzi ndi odzipereka 2,000 kuchokera ku kossomol, yemwe adafika pamsonkhanowu, komwe adapita ku sukulu yofunika kwambiri. Khotilo linapangidwa kuchokera ku sukulu zosewerera dzulo. Zokonda zidaperekedwa kwa osewera: Yurik, wamphamvu, olimba, ouma, okhoza kupirira katundu wolemera (anthu oterewa adadziwikanso kuti "anthu omwe ali ndi Pittercy").
Mukamalowa sukulu, kulembanso kumachenjezedwa kuti munso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa saboti ku 5%. Magulu ambiri amafa, atagwidwa ndi Ajeremani akamachita ziwanda kumbuyo kwa wotsutsa.
Pambuyo pokonzekera, Zoya adakhala membala wa luntha komanso la Sabotage gawo lakumadzulo ndikusiyidwa kumbuyo kwa mdani. Ntchito yoyamba ya Zoe idachita bwino. Monga gawo la gulu losokoneza misozi pafupi ndi volokolamsk.
Feat kosmodemyanskaya
Kosmodemyayokaya adalandira ntchito yatsopano, pomwe patapita nthawi, apitawa adalamulidwa kuti awotche m'mudzi wa Anashkino, a Peridkovo, Phchewavo, Korovina. Kusokoneza omenyera, mabotolo angapo okhala ndi osakaniza omwe amathandizidwa. Utumiki wotere kwa otsogolera unaperekedwa molingana ndi dongosolo la wolamulira wa Yosefe Halitali. Linali ndondomeko ya "Mdani Wamphamvu" kukwezedwa, Zinthu za moyo zinawonongedwa panjira.Malinga ndi ambiri, awa anali machitidwe ankhanza kwambiri komanso osaganizira, koma kunafunikira pa nkhondo yoopsa yoopsa - Ajeremani anali kuyandikira moscow. Pa Novembala 21, 1941, pa tsiku la kutuluka ku ntchito ya anthu osiyanasiyana, gulu lankhondo lakumadzulo limatsogolera kutsogoleredwa ndi ma stalinogorsk, mu Volbormsk, ku MozHoresk.
Kuti muchite ntchitoyi, magulu awiri a anthu 10 afotokozedwa: Gulu B. S. KHOROROV (wazaka 19) ndi p. S. Borolova (zaka 18), zomwe zinaphatikizapo kosmodemyanskaya. Pansi pa mudzi wa Golkovo, magulu onsewo anali obisalirako, ena mwa milungu ina adaphedwa, ndipo alendo ena adagwidwa. Omenyera nkhondo anali ogwirizana ndipo kuphedwa kwa opaleshoniyo kunapitiliranso pa gulu la Krinov.
Usiku wa Novembala 27, 1941, Zoya kosmodemyanskaya, limodzi ndi Boris Krhinov ndi Vasili, ndidayatsa moto wa ku Germany womwe uli ndi mfundo yolumikizirana ndi anthu atatu kutumiza kutsogolo. Komanso kuwononga mahatchi 20 ofuna kunyamula.
Kuti muphedwere pa ntchitoyi, apitawa adasonkhanitsidwa m'malo ogwirizana, koma nyama sizinayembekezere kwawo ndikubwerera kumsasa. Clicov anagwira aku Germany. Zoya adaganiza zopitiliza ntchitoyo.
Kugwidwa ndi kuzunzidwa
Pa Novembala 28, mumdima wa mumdima, wachinyamata wina atafuna kuyatsa moto m'mitu yokhota ya Sviridov, yemwe anapatsa usiku wa akatswiri, koma adazindikira. SVerida adadzutsa alamu. Akazi amagwira atsikana omwe amangidwa. Panthawi yomangidwa, Zoya sanawombere. Pamaso ntchitoyo, adapereka chida cha bwenzi la bwenzi, Claudia Misoradova, yemwe amabwera ku ntchito yoyamba. Pistol ya Claudia inali yolakwika, kotero zoe adapereka chida chodalirika.
Kuchokera ku Umboni wa anthu okhala ku Petrishchevo Mhushely ndi Prangkovy Kushik, mnyumba yomwe idafunsa Chitoto Kosmodemyavala. Zinavulazidwa ndi zotsekemera ndi malamba, zimayendetsa kufalikira kuzizira. Malinga ndi a Mboni, Ajeremani adalephera kulanda zidziwitso za pasingayo kuchokera kwa mtsikanayo, ngakhale kuzunzidwa mwankhanza. Chokhacho chomwe chinanena, chotchedwa dzina la Tanya.
A Mboni asonyeza kuti okhalamo am'deralo a a. V. S. Smirnov ndi F. V. Slo. Slo. Sloina, yemwe nyumba zake zidavulala pa zida zankhondo zakuzunzidwa. Pambuyo pake adaweruzidwa kuti adzawombera pansi pa nkhani 193 ya zigawenga za RSFSR yogwirizana ndi zomwe akufuna pankhondo.
Kazembe
M'mawa wa November 29, 1941, kumenyedwa, ndi miyendo yachisanu, kosmemyanskaya kosmodemyayosaya abweretse mumsewu. Pamenepo, Ajeremani akonza kale mazira. Chophimba cha mtsikanayo chinapachika chizindikiro chomwe ku Russia ndi Germany chidalembedwa kuti: "Nyumba za nyumba". Ajeremani ambiri komanso komweko anasonkhana pa zoziwala. Wopanga zojambulidwa. Pamenepo mtsikanayo adafuwula:"Nzika! Osayimirira, osayang'ana. Ndikofunikira kuthandiza kulimbana ndi gulu lankhondo lofiira, ndipo chifukwa cha omwe timapha anzawo a Germany adzasokoneza. Mgwirizano wa Soviet Union ndiwosagonjetseka ndipo sudzagonjetsedwa. "Kulimba mtima kwakukulu ndikuyima m'mphepete mwa manda ndipo osaganizira za imfa, kuyitanitsa kudzipereka. Panthawi imeneyi, Zoe atavala pachimake pakhosi, adafuula legend:
"Timangokhala bwanji, aliyense kulibe, ndife 170 miliyoni. Koma kwa ine, anzathu adzamasulidwa. "Ndinalibe nthawi yolankhula chilichonse.
Madeti a Komsomol sanawombedwe kuchokera ku miyala kwa mwezi wina. Pamwamba pa thupi losungunula linapitilizabe kunyoza akhungu popita kumudzi. Madzulo a Chatsopano cha 1942, mipeni yolimba, yopanda zingwe, ndipo thupi la Zoe lidachotsedwa pamagalasi ndipo limaloledwa kuyika anthu okhala m'mudzimo. Pambuyo pake, pomwe dziko la Soviet lidayeretsedwa ndi Fassists, phulusa la Zoe Kosmodemyenga linabwezedwa ku Moscodevichy ku Moscow.
Kuulula
Achichepere ku Komsomilic ndi chizindikiro cha nthawi, chitsanzo cha ngwazi za anthu a Soviet omwe adawonetsedwa polimbana ndi gulu lankhondo la Fascist.
Komabe, zidziwitso za gulu la patali la nthawiyo zaka makumi angapo linapangidwa kwazaka zambiri. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha madongosolo ndi njira zomwe zimaphedwa, pamalingaliro osavuta a munthu wamba, wankhanza kwambiri. Ndipo zimalepheretsa mtundu uliwonse wamalingaliro, ndipo kungotchulanso za "otsutsa ochokera ku mbiri".
Chifukwa chake, mu Presiri pali zolemba za schizophresia wa kosmodemyansyanskaya - powakayikira, chidwi chinapangitsa mtsikana wina. Komabe, sitingasinthe kuti ntchito yoyimira asitikali a asitikali ofiira, membala wa VCCM, ndi a Mboni ochokera ku Buku ya m'mudzimo ndi anthu omwe adawombera Msungwana wake ndi wa muscovite zoe kosmodemyanskaya, yemwe amadziwika kuti achitapo kanthu kuyambira pa February, 1942. Lero palibe kukayikira za izi.
Ngwazi zophera ndi ma comrades Zoe Kosmodemyeaya: Tamara Makhin (kuwonongeka pofika), abodza ku Sukonvov (Alongo Jootyukov (Grenade adaswa m'manja). The ngwazi ndi mng'ono zoe - Sasha. Alexander Kosmodemeyansyansy anapita kutsogolo, ataphunzira za imfa ya ngwazi ya mlongoyo. Tambo ndi zolembedwa pambali "Zoe" zinali kumenya nkhondo yambiri. Alexander adatsimikizira pafupifupi kumapeto kwa nkhondo. Adamwalira pankhondoyo kuti atsimikizire m'tauni ya Fir Cirudunkrug, pafupi ndi Königsberg. Adapereka mutu wa ngwazi ya Soviet Union.
Kukumbuka
Chithunzi cha ngwazi zoe kosmodemyanskaya wofala pa luso lopindika. Malo osungirako zinthu zakale, zipilala, ma busts - zikumbutso za kulimba mtima ndi kudzipereka kwa msungwanayo akadali pooneka.
Pokumbukira zoe Anatolyevna kosmodemyansyanskaya, misewu imatchedwa malo osungirako Soviet. Street Zosmodemyanscaya ali ku Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Moldova ndi Ukraine.
Zinthu Zina Zimatchedwa Dzina la The Guerriana-Duerriana: Misasa ya apainiya yotchedwa Zoe Kosmodemyeaya, a Library, Nyanja ina, tank-5 tank.
Kuphedwa kwa Zoe Kosmodemyayoyakaya kumawonetsedwa mu ntchito zaluso. Ntchito zodziwika bwino kwambiri ndi za wojambula wa Dmitry Mochal ndi gulu la "Kukryniks".
Polemekeza Zoya, ndakatulo za Agnia Barto, Robert Khrisimasi ndi Julia Dranina. Mu 1943, mphotho yakale idapatsidwa Margarita Aliger, yemwe adadzipereka ku kosmodemyayoya ndakatulo "Zoya." Chipwirikitirochi cha atsikana ndi olemba achilendo - ndakatulo ya ku Naziya ya Nazima Hikmet ndi ndakatulo yaku China Qina Qina.
Za tsoka la kosmodemyavala adawombera mafilimu angapo. Mu 1944, chithunzicho "choya" chotsogozedwa ndi Leo Arnstema chinatuluka. Galina vidymanitskaya anali kugwira nawo ntchito yotsogolera. Osadziwikanso kuti "m'dzina la moyo" ndi "nkhondo ya Moscow".
Yempani ina yowala - yopaka utoto "choya", kuthokoza komwe kunachitika mu 2021. Pano m'chifanizo cha ngwazi zinaonekera kuchitidwa ASTATASIA Mishina. Anna Ukolov, Wolfgang Cherni, Olga Lapshin ndi ojambula ena otchuka adakwera mufilimuyi.