I-Aizek Azimov - Biography, isithombe, Impilo Yakho, Izincwadi

I-Biograge

U-Isaac Azimov - umlobi wezinganekwane wesayensi enkulu, imihlaba eqanjiwe ezweni lawo elihlaba umxhwele isizukulwane esisodwa sabafundi. Lo muntu onethalente ubhale izincwadi ezingaphezu kwengxenye nezindaba, azizame ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene: evela ekuqatsheni kwesayensi ethandekayo kubaphenyi nakumnandi. Kodwa-ke, bambalwa abantu abakwaziyo e-Biography Biography yase-Azimov kwakukhona indawo hhayi yemibhalo ebhaliwe kuphela, kodwa futhi nesayensi.

Ubuntwana nentsha

Umlobi wesikhathi esizayo wazalelwa eBelarus, edolobheni elibizwa ngePetrovichi, elingekude noMogilev ngoJanuwari 2, 1920. Abazali Azimov, Yuda Aronovich kanye neKhana-rachek Isakovna, basebenza namagquma. Umfana wabiza igama likaMkhulu ongasekho ohlelweni lukamama. Uhhafu we-Eizek uzobe esethi ekuqaleni isibongo se-Azimovov sabhala njengo-Ozimov. Izimpande zamaJuda zazikhulekelwa kakhulu emndenini we-aizek. Ngokwezinkumbulo zakhe, ngesiRussia, abazali bebengakhulumi naye, idishi laba ngolimi lokuqala lwe-Azimov, futhi izincwadi zokuqala yizindaba zikaSholom Aleichem.

Ngo-1923, u-Azimov wathuthela e-United States wahlala eBrooklyn, lapho kwavulwa khona lapho isitolo sabo se-confectionery. Umbhali wesikhathi esizayo waya esikoleni iminyaka emihlanu. Ngokwemithetho yezingane, bathatha eziyisithupha, noma kunjalo, abazali baka-Isaka bathumela usuku lokuzalwa kweNdodana ngo-1919, ukuze umfana ahambe aye esikoleni ngonyaka owedlule. Ngo-1935, u-Azimov uthweswe iziqu ebangeni leshumi waqala ukutadisha ekolishi, okuyinto, ngeshwa, wavalwa ngonyaka. Ngemuva kwalokho, u-Izek waya eNew York, lapho angena khona e-Columbia University, ekhetha ubuhlakani wamakhemikhali.

Ngo-1939, u-Azimov wabelwa iziqu ze-bachelor, kwathi emva kweminye le mibili, le nsizwa yaba yinkosi yamakhemikhali. Ngokushesha u-Isaka waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe esikoleni sokuphothula iziqu, kepha ngemuva konyaka washintsha amacebo wathuthela ePhiladelphia, lapho asebenza khona njengosomakhemikhali emkhunjini wamasosha. Ngo-1945 kwathi ngo-1946 u-AizeK wanikeza inkonzo empini, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho wabuyela eNew York futhi waqhubeka nokufunda. I-Aspirator of Azimov ethweswe iziqu ngo-1948, kepha ayizange iyeke lapho ifezeke futhi yanikeza amadokhumenti abizwa nge-postdocate yoMnyango weBiochemistry. Ngasikhathi sinye, u-Azimov waqala ukufundisa e-University of Boston, lapho asebenza khona ngenxa yeminyaka eminingi.

Izincwadi

Ipheshana lokubhala livuke e-Aisek Asimov ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Umzamo wokuqala wokubhala incwadi wawuneminyaka engu-11 ubudala: U-Aizek uchaze ukufika kwabafana kusuka edolobheni elincane. Okokuqala, i-zador yokudala yanele isikhashana, futhi u-Azimov washaya incwadi ehluphekile. Kodwa-ke, esikhathini esithile kamuva sanquma ukufunda izahluko zokuqala ku-Comrade wakhe. Kwakumangaza yini ukuthi i-ailik, lapho ijabulisa ukuqhubeka. Mhlawumbe ngaleso sikhathi u-Azimov wabona amandla ethalente lomlobi owanikwa wona, futhi waqala ukuphatha lesi sipho ngokungathi sína.

Indaba yokuqala ye-Isake Azimov "ethunjiwe eVesta" yanyatheliswa ngo-1939, kepha ayizange ilethe udumo oluthile kumlobi. Kepha umsebenzi omfishane olandelayo wanesihloko esithi "Ukufika Kwabobusuku", enyatheliswa ngo-1941, kwaveza umfutho kubathandi bezincwadi zezinhlobo ezinhle. Kwakuyindaba ephathelene neplanethi, ubusuku lapho kuza kanye njalo ngeminyaka engama-2049. Ngo-1968, le ndaba izophinde ibize okungcono kakhulu okukhishwe kulolu hlobo. "Ukufika kobusuku" ngemuva kwalokho kuzofakwa kaninginingi kuma-anthologies amaningi namaqoqo, futhi kuzosinda nemizamo emibili yokuthola ifilimu (ngeshwa ayiphumelelanga). Umlobi ngokwakhe uzobiza le ndaba ethi "Amanzi - Yakha" emsebenzini wokubhala. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngasikhathi sinye, "ukufika kobusuku" akuzange kube indaba ayithandayo ka-Azimov ngobuhlakani bayo.

Ngemuva kwalokho izindaba zika-Aiisek Azimov zizolindelwa abalandeli isikhathi eside. NgoMeyi 1939, u-Isaac Azimov waqala ukubhala ukulandisa kokuqala kwamarobhothi abizwa ngokuthi yiRobbie. Ngemuva konyaka, le ndaba "LIAR" iyindaba ekhuluma ngerobhothi elabakwazi ukufunda imicabango yabantu. Kulomsebenzi, u-Azimov uzokuchaza okokuqala okuthiwa yimithetho emithathu yamarobhothi. Ngokomlobi, ngokokuqala ngqa le mithetho yakha umlobi uJohn Campbell, yize, wagcizelela umlobi we-Azimov.

Imithetho yezwakala kanjena:

1. Irobhothi alikwazi ukulimaza umuntu noma ukungasebenzi kwakhe ukuvumela umuntu ukuba alimaze.
2. Irobhothi kumele lithobele yonke imiyalo enikeza umuntu, ngaphandle kwalapho imiyalo ikuphikisana nomthetho wokuqala.
3. Irobhothi kumele linakekele ukuphepha kwalo kuze kufike lapho lokhu kungaphikisani nemithetho yokuqala noma yesibili.

Ngasikhathi sinye, igama elithi "amarobhothi" ("ama-robotic" avele), kamuva afakwe kwizichazamazwi zesiNgisi. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngokwezifundo ezisungulwe enkabeni, amasiko amarobhothi atshelwa mayelana nokuvukelwa kobuhlakani bokufakelwa nasekudumeni okuqondiswe kubantu. Futhi ngemuva kokukhishwa kwezindaba zokuqala zika-Isaka Azimov, amarobhothi ezincwadini azoqala ukulalela imithetho emithathu, eba nobungane kakhulu.

Ngo-1942, umbhali uqala uchungechunge lwamanoveli amahle "isisekelo". U-Isaac Azimov ekuqaleni wacabanga ukuthi lolu chungechunge lomuntu uqobo, kodwa ngo-1980s "luzohlanganiswa nezindaba ezivele zibhaliwe ngamarobhothi. Kwenye inguqulo yokuhunyushwa esiRussia, lolu chungechunge luzonikezwa igama elithi "Academy".

Kusukela ngo-1958, i-azek Azimov izonaka kakhulu uhlobo lwesayensi ethandwayo, kepha ngawo-1980s izobuyela kwinganekwane futhi izoqhubeka nomjikelezo we- "Foundation". Mhlawumbe izindaba eziphawuleka kakhulu ze-aziik azimov, ngaphezu 'kwesisekelo', zaziyimisebenzi 'yamarobhothi', "ukuphela kukaPhakade", "ngeke zifike", "onkulunkulu uqobo" kanye "nombuso". Umlobi ngokwakhe waqokomisa izindaba "umbuzo wokugcina", "indoda eneminyaka engamakhulu amabili" kanye "nengane embi", ibabheka njengempumelelo kakhulu.

Impilo yomuntu siqu

Ngo-1942, u-Isaac Azimov wahlangana nothando lokuqala lweqiniso. Romatiatity lo majwazana unamathiselwe futhi iqiniso lokuthi lenzeke ngosuku lwe-valentine. Umbhali omubi waba nguGertrude Bywerman. Abathandi bashada. Lo mshado wanikeza umlobi ndodakazi uRobin Joan nendodana kaDavide. Ngawo-1970, abashadikazi bahlukanisile.

U-Isaac Azimov kakade wahlala yedwa: Ngawo lowo nyaka, umbhali walala noJanet Opal Jippson, owayesebenza njengodokotela wezengqondo. Nalona wesifazane, u-Azimov wahlangana ngo-1959. Ngo-1973, lo mbhangqwana wasayina. Azikho izingane ezivela kulo mshado.

Ukushona

Umlobi wadlula ngo-Ephreli 6, 1992. Imbangela yokufa kodokotela be-azimov odokotela bazobiza ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo nokuvuselelwa kwegciwane lengculazi, okuyinkimbinkimbi ngokutheleleka nge-HIV, umbhali atheleleke ngengozi ngo-1983 ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa enhliziyweni.

Ukufa kwe-aizek Azimov kwathunyelwa abalandeli abazuze ifa kuphela izincwadi zomlobi omkhulu.

I-Bibliography

• 1949-1985 - "" UDetector Elaider Bailey noRobhothi UDaniel Olivo "
• Ngo-1950 - "Mina, Robot"
• Ngo-1950 - "Amatshe amatshe esibhakabhakeni"
• 1951 - "Izinkanyezi Njengothuli"
• 1951 - "Isisekelo"
• 1952 - "Ama-Space Currents"
• 1955 - "Ukuphela kwaphakade"
• 1957 - "ILanga elinqunu"
• 1958 - "I-Starr neSturn Ring Lakki"
• 1966 - "Uhambo Olumnandi"
• 1972 - "Onkulunkulu uqobo"
• 1976 - "Indoda eneminyaka emibili"