Biography
Isaac Azimov - munyori mukuru wesainzi ngoni, nyika dzekunyepedzera dzine nyika yenyika inonakidza nezera revaverengi. Munhu uyu ane tarenda anyora kupfuura hafu yemabhuku emabhuku uye nyaya, achiedza iye mumhando dzakasiyana: kubva kuRondedzero yesainzi yesainzi yekuona uye fungidziro. Nekudaro, vashoma vanhu vanoziva kuti mune yekugadzira biography yeAzimbov imwenga kwete chete kumabasa ekuverenga, asiwo nesainzi.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Mumwe munyori mukuru akaberekerwa muBelarus, mutaundi iri anonzi Petrovichi, risiri kure ne mogilev musi waJanuary 2, 1920. Vabereki Azimov, Yuda Aronovich uye Khana-Rachek Isaivna, akashanda nemamirimita. Iye mukomana akatumidza zita revaye sekuru nasekuru kubva kudivi raamai. Hafu yeizeki ichaita kuti isimbise kuti pakutanga surname yeAzimovov akanyora saOzimov. Midzi yechiJudha yainamatwa kwazvo mumhuri yeAizeki. Maererano nepfungwa dzake, muRussia, vabereki havana kutaura naye, basa razova mutauro wekutanga kuna Azimov, uye mabhuku ekutanga ndiwo nyaya dzaSholom Aleichem.
Muna 1923, Azimov akatamira kuUnited States uye akagara muBrooklyn, nzvimbo yavo yechiremba yakazopera. Mumwe munyori wezororo akaenda kuchikoro kwemakore mashanu. Maererano nemirairo yevana, vakatanga kubva vatanhatu, zvisinei, vabereki vaIsaka vakatumira zuva rekuzvarwa kweMwanakomana kwa1919, kuti mukomana aende kuchikoro gore rakapfuura. Muna 1935, Azimuv akapedza giredhi regumi ndokutanga kudzidza mukoreji, iyo, zvinosuruvarisa, yakavharwa mugore. Mushure meizvozvo, Izek akaenda kuNew York, kwaakapinda muColumbia University, achisarudza chimiro chemakemikari.
Muna 1939, Azimov akapihwa degree raBachelor, uye mushure memamwe makore maviri, jaya rakava Mudzidzisi Chemistry. Isaka akabva aenderera mberi nezvidzidzo zvake mukupedza chikoro, asi gore rakazotevera zvakachinja zvirongwa uye akatamira kuPhiladelphia, kwaaishanda semakemikari muchikepe chemauto. 1944 uye 1946 Naizi dzakapa basa muchiuto, shure kwaizvozvo akadzokera kuNew York ndokuenderera mberi nekudzidza. Aspirator of Azimov akapedza kudzidza muna 1948, asi haana kumira pane zvawanikwa uye akapa magwaro pane izvo zvinonzi zvakanyorerwa kuDhipatimendi reBiochemistry. Panguva imwecheteyo Azimov akatanga kudzidzisa kuYunivhesiti yeBoston, maaishandira semakore mazhinji.
Mabhuku
Turakiti rekunyora rakamuka muAisek Asimov mangwanani. Kuedza kwekutanga kunyora bhuku raive nemakore gumi nematatu: Aizek akatsanangura zvevakomana vevakomana vanobva mutaundi diki. Kutanga, Zadhation yekugadzira yakanga yakwana kwenguva pfupi, uye Azimov akarova bhuku rinotambudzika. Zvisinei, imwe nguva yakazosarudza kuverenga zvitsauko zvekutanga kugwara rake. Chii chakashamisika kuti Aizude, paakafarira kuenderera mberi kuenderera. Zvichida panguva iyoyo Azimov akaziva simba remuti wemunda wakapihwa kwaari, uye akatanga kurapa chipo ichi zvakanyanya.
Nyaya yekutanga yeAnake azimov "Kutapwa kuVesta" yakabudiswa muna 1939, asi haina kuunza imwe mukurumbira kumunyori. Asi zita racho rinotevera rakanzi "Kusvika kwehusiku", rakabudiswa muna 1941, rakagadzira ashist mune fan yeevateveri vevakafashama. Yakanga iri nyaya pamusoro pevhu, usiku hwokuuya kamwe chete makore makumi maviri nematatu. Muna 1968, nyaya yacho ichatofonera yakanyanya kunaka yakaburitswa mune ino genre. "Kusvika kwehusiku" kunozosanganiswa kakawanda kwakaverengerwa muhutachiona hwenyika uye kuunganidza, uyezve kupona zvakare kuedza vaviri kufirimu (zvisina kujairika kusabudirira). Iye munyori amene achashevedza nyaya iyi "mvura-kuvaka" mune yechokwadi basa. Sezvineiwo, panguva imwe chete, 'kusvika kwehusiku "hakuna kuita nyaya yavanofarira yeAzimov mune yake yekusika.
Mushure meizvozvo, nyaya dzeAisek azimbov ichave yakamirirwa kwenguva refu kuti vateveri. Muna May 1939, Isaac Azimov akatanga kunyora rondedzero yekutanga yemarobhoti anonzi Robbie. Kwapera gore, nyaya "murevi wenhema" inyaya yeRobhoti uyo aiziva kuverenga pfungwa dzevanhu. Mubasa iri, Azimov anotanga kutsanangura izvo zvinonzi zvinonzi mitemo mitatu yemarobhoti. Maererano nemunyori, kwenguva yekutanga iyi mitemo iyi yakaumba munyori John Campbell, kunyange iye, akasimbirira kune vanyori veAzimov.
Mitemo inongonzwika seinotevera:
- Robhoti haigoni kukuvadza munhu kana kusakwanisa kwake kubvumira munhu kuti akuvadze.
- Robhoti inofanira kuteerera mirairo yose inopa munhu, kunze kwekunge maodha aya aipikisa mutemo wekutanga.
- Robhoti inofanira kutarisira kuchengetedzwa kwayo kusvika padanho kuti izvi hazvipindire mitemo yekutanga kana yechipiri.
Panguva imwecheteyo, izwi rekuti "robotic" ("robotic" rakaonekwa), iro rakazobatanidza muChirungu zvimiti. Sezvineiwo, maererano nezvidzidzo zvakatangwa mune svikiro, tsika dzemarobhoti dzakataurwa pamusoro pekumuka kwehungwaru hwekungwara uye pamhenderekedzo dzakanangana nevanhu. Uye shure kwekuburitswa kwenhengo dzeIsaka dzeIzimov, marobhoti mumabhuku anotanga kuteerera mitemo mitatu iyi, ichinyatsoita hushamwari.
Muna 1942, munyori anotanga nhevedzano yenhambo dzakanaka dzezvinyorwa "nheyo". Isaka Azimbov pakutanga akafunga izvi akatevedzana, asi muma1980s "nheyo" ichabatanidzwa nenyaya dzakanyorwa kare nezve marobhoti. Mune imwe shanduro yeshanduro yacho muRussia, idzi dzakateerana dzinopihwa zita rekuti "chikoro".
Kubva 1958, Aize Azimbov ichabhadhara zvakanyanya kune yakakurumbira sainzi genre, asi kuma1980s ichadzokera kuchinyewa uye ichaenderera "nheyo" kutenderera. Zvichida nyaya dzinoonekwa kwazvo dzeAizeki azimov, kuwedzera kune "nheyo", yaive mabasa e "robhoti" Iye akazvimiririra akataura nyaya "mubvunzo wekupedzisira", "murume ane makore mazana maviri" uye "mukomana wakashata", achifunga kuti zvakabudirira.
Hupenyu Hwako
Muna 1942, Isaac Azimov akasangana nerudo rwechokwadi rwechokwadi. Kudanana uku kujairana kwakabatanidzwa uye chokwadi chekuti zvakaitika pazuva reValentine. Munyori akaipa akazova Gertrude naGeermerman. Vanoda vakaroora. Imba iyi yakapa mwanasikana waJoan naJavid. Muma1970s, vasikana vakarambana.
Isaac Azimbov asina kugara akarega ega: Mugore rimwe chetero, munyori akarara naJanet opal Jippson, akashanda sepfungwa yesychipistrist. Nemukadzi uyu, Azimov akasangana muna 1959. Muna 1973, vaviri vacho vakasaina. Hakuna vana vanobva muwanano iyi.
Rufu
Munyori akapfuura musi waApril 6, 1992. Chikonzero chekufa kweAizek azimov azimov zvichatumidza mwoyo uye kutadza kweshoko, kwakaoma nehutachiona hwehutachiona hweHIV, izvo munyori ane tsaona netsaona muna1983 panguva yekushanda pamoyo.
Rufu rweAizek azimov rakadana vateveri avo vanogara chete mabhuku chete emunyori mukuru.
BHAIBHERI
- 1949-1985 - "Detective ELider Bailey naRobhoti Danieri Olivo"
- 1950 - "Ini, robhoti"
- 1950 - "Matombo mudenga"
- 1951 - "Nyeredzi seguruva"
- 1951 - "Nheyo"
- 1952 - "nzvimbo nzvimbo"
- 1955 - "Kupera Kwekusingaperi"
- 1957 - "Zuva Nude"
- 1958 - "Starr uye Satur Ring Lakki"
- 1966 - "Rwendo Rwakanaka"
- 1972 - "Vanamwari Ivo"
- 1976 - "murume ane makore maviri"