I-Biograge
I-block ebhekwa njengeyingafaneleki ukubuyekeza lobu buhlakani futhi konke okuthe xaxa - ukuphrinta kanye naye kwiphephabhuku elilodwa. Iqiniso ngukuthi imbongi eyikhulu yekhulu lesiliva, yavuselela umsebenzi we-valery yakovlevich, yahlaselwa kakhulu yindalo yakhe, eyabeka ngokushesha isikhundla esingezansi. Kuyafaneleka ukuthi imbongi, yezinkondlo zikabani ezicashunwe abathandi be-verbost kuze kube namuhla, yathuthukiswa nabaphila ngesikhathi. Abaningi babonwa ku-Bryus Mesia, abaza bazungeza amanzi emigqeni eyinkimbinkimbi futhi besho izinguquko ezintsha.
Eqinisweni, le master yepeni ibhekwa njengengumsunguli wophawu lwesiRussia kanye nokwenza sengathi i-Aqmeism, etholile bobabili abahlonishwa kanye nabalandeli nabahlaseli abahlanzekile.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uValery Yakovlevich waziwa hhayi ezinkondlweni - lo mlobi onethalente naye wazibonakalisa ezihumushelelweni, ubuntatheli kanye neprosesa engonakalisi. UBryusov ujwayelene nemisebenzi ka "Agasti", "Ngiyakuthethelela konke", "ngiyakuthanda", iqhwa lokuqala "neminye imisebenzi emangalisayo eyayingafi.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Indaba yophawu lwaseRussia yazalwa nosuku olubandayo lwasebusika 1 (13) Disemba 1873 enhliziyweni yeRussia. Imbongi yesikhathi esizayo yakhula yakhuphuka emndenini ocebile womthengisi kanye nethemba likadadewabo, owaba nguprofesa weMoscow Conservatory.
IValeria Yakovlevich ine-pedigree ethokozisayo. Umkhulu wakhe ohlwini lukababa, uKuzma Andreevich, wayengu-Serf Landlord kaBruce kanye neminyaka emibili ngaphambi kokuqedwa kweSerfdom - Ukuguqulwa kweSerfodown - Ukuguqulwa Kwenziwe ngu-Alexander II, kwaqala ukuhweba kwakhe futhi kwaqala ukuhweba kwakhe. Ngenxa yokuphikelela nokusebenza kanzima, uKuzma Andreevich ubengaphandle kokungcola kwinkosana futhi wathola indawo enezitezi ezimbili kwi-Colour Boulevard eMoscow.
Ngokusho kukamama wabalobi, u-Alexander Yakovlevich Bakulin, odume ngabantu besikhathi njengembongi - basinople kanye nombhali weqoqo lesifundazwe laseBasni. Mhlawumbe lo muntu wayethonywe yi-yakovlevich enamandla.
Ngokuqondene nangobuntu bukababa, uYakov Kuzmich wayeyimfihlakalo eyimfihlakalo futhi evikelekile, enozwela ngemibono yabavuselelekayo, okuyinto, eshukumisayo yimibono yezenhlalo ye-helezen, yafuna ukusondela entellince. Ikhanda lomndeni lalingumuntu ogelezayo: lihlatshwa umxhwele yi-Horsepower, i-bryus-aniveli yayazi lonke izwe ekubhekeni futhi icishe yashiyela ngaphandle kwepeni ephaketheni lakhe.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abazali bakaBrasov kwakungebona abantu abathandekayo, abazethembi lapho bekhuliswa yinzalo yabo, kodwa bavikelekile "ezinganekwaneni zezenkolo". Ngakho-ke, imbongi yesikhathi esizayo yayazi ngemibono ye-Darwin engaphezu kwe-Darwin ngaphezu kwemininingwane yokuba khona kwe-Tsar Solomon nokubethelwa kukaJesu Kristu.
UValery Yakovlevich ekuqaleni wawungumlutha wezincwadi. Esikhundleni sokudlala nabafana egcekeni, umlobi wekusasa "izibhamu ezizayo" zichithe isikhathi sokufunda imisebenzi yakudala nama-boulevard amanoveli, kungashiwo ukuthi le nsizwa yagwinya le ncwadi ngemuva. Ngisho nezindatshana zesayensi ezazithola ngokungahleliwe ezandleni zeByysov azihlali ngaphandle kokunakwa okufanele.
Izintandokazi uVandery wayenoMlobi wezincwadi ze-adventure, ezethule umhlaba we "uCaptain Nemo", uJules Verne noMlobi, abhalela umbhali "umhlanga kaThomas. Eyaziwa nangokuthi uValery Yakovlevich uthole imfundo egqamile, wafunda ezinsukwini ezimbili ezihlonishwayo, kwathi eminyakeni yamuva nje yokuhlala ebhentshini lesikole waqala ukukhombisa isithakazelo kwiNdlovukazi yeSayensi - Mathematics - futhi ixazululwe ngempumelelo izibalo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu nemisebenzi.
Mhlawumbe igama lamaBluou lalizoma engxenyeni ye-Archim, uFrancois noRene Descartes, nokho, insizwa yakhetha enye, i-Creative, indlela. Njengoba sesifanelwe isitifiketi sokuvuthwa, insizwa yaqhubeka nokuthola imfundo futhi yaba ngumfundi weNyuvesi yaseMoscow. ILomonosov - yafundwa efemini lomlando nezokuPhila.
Into yokufunda
UValery Yakovlevich Bryusov kusukela ebuntwaneni wayazi umsebenzi wakhe, ngakho-ke vele eneminyaka engu-13 ubudala wazenzela izinkondlo zokubhala. I-YAkov Kuzmich yasekela inzalo kuyo yonke imizamo, ngakho-ke wathumela ukudala okusheshayo kwe-chad ethandekayo embonini futhi wamthumelela amaholide ngamaholide nomndeni wakhe kumagazini wezingane "eqotho". Ibhalwe yincwadi yomfana elineminyaka eyishumi nanye kuya kumhleli "yashicilelwa ngonyaka we-1884.
Yize izinkondlo zokuqala zikaBruce zasongelwa nge-bang, abantu abasha bokuqala akufanele babizwe ngempumelelo. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi lapho i-verary encane ethatha i-inkewell kanye nezimpaphe, waphefumulelwa i-classic yezincwadi zaseRussia uNikolai Aleksevich Nekrasov. Kamuva, ama-Bruce aqala ukuncoma imbewu yakovlevich naddon.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi vele ngo-1893 imbongi encane iyazibeka umgomo wokuba ngumsabalalisi wophawu eRussia. Amalumbi azamile ukunxenxa ubukhona bomphefumlo ngamunye futhi anikeze umlingiswa ophambili kuwo wonke ama-spectrum wokuhlangenwe nakho kwabantu. Ibhubesi iTrotsky lathi ukuvela kwalokhu kugeleza "isifiso sokukhohlwa, ukuba ngakolunye uhlangothi okuhle nokubi."
Imibono yamabhulukwe yandulelwa yizimbongi zaseFrance, yayijabulela imisebenzi yeBaudelaphaaire, uVilan, imallorm futhi ekugcineni yaba ngumbhali wedrama "Demha" ("ukuphela kwekhulu", 1893). Ngo-1899, uValery Yakovlevich wathola idiploma futhi waba nzima ukwenza izincwadi futhi sakha umbono wophawu. Cishe ngasikhathi sinye, uBryusov wasondela eBalmont.
Ukujwayelana kwezimbongi ezimbili ngekusasa kwaphenduka ubungane obuqinile, bahlala bahlala ekuthukeni kweKonstantin Dmitrievch. Kwafika lapho ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 Breuses kwanikela umngani uTertia Vigilia ("okogada"), abagxeki bokubhala ababheka ihlumela lokuqala lesigaba samadolobha sokusungula umbhali: Umbhali uya ngokuya njalo Imibhalo yakhe, ama-expression edolobha elinomsindo futhi achaza ngokucophelela ngisho nemininingwane emincane kakhulu.
Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu, i-biography ye-Criveive of Bruceov igcwaliswa ngeqoqo lezingoma zomphakathi "Urbi Et Orbi" ("Hoodie and Peace"). Iqoqo lifaka "umfazi" eliphakeme ", i-ballade" rab ", kanye nama-sonnets, izinkondlo, od kanye no-encwadi. Imisebenzi ye-Yakovlevich evela ku- "Urbi Et Orbi" ithonya i-Alexander Blok, u-Andrei White noSergey SolovYov.
Okulandelayo, i-Yakovlevich yaseValery iba ngumlobi weqoqo "σσεεσςφ bheka," ("Wreath", 1905), okungukuthi, ngokusho kukaByysov, umthongqiso bobuhlakani bakhe. Yonke imisebenzi esuka ku- "Wreath" ibhalwe ngaphansi kwethonya lesinguquko esinolaka, esasingenakuthinta isimo somlobi. Ziningi izinkondlo zothando ezikule ncwadi, kepha isikhundla sembongi esisebenzayo sembongi siyavezwa.
Ngo-1907, uValery Yakovlevich uba nguMlobi we-Debut Roman "Angel Fire". Ukuhlanzeka kweByysov, u-Andrei White noNina Petrovskaya, wawuyisisekelo sesakhiwo, kanye nezimpawu eziphambili zezinhlamvu eziphambili zenzeka, kodwa eYurophu yangezikhathi zakudala. Umbhali onikezela ngomsebenzi wezinto ezinhle futhi uboleke izisusa ze-Goothe ezithathwe ekufeni.
Kamuva, umsebenzi we-Valery Bylov walungiswa nenguquko, futhi wahlulela ngemisebenzi yembongi, yena, njengoMarxists, waqala ukudumisa iBolshevik Couplians futhi waba ngumsunguli wamaLeninians waseRussia, ophikisana naye ochazwe enkondlweni " Imbongi encane "(1896).
Ngokusho kwababhali, uValery Yakovlevich wafunwa ngaphansi kwe-hum hloni yokuba yingxenye yesikhathi esisha, kepha akatholanga ukusekelwa komphakathi futhi akakwazanga ukubekezelela umncintiswano ovela kuMayakovsky nase-Igor Ariseren.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Isazi sakwa-Dmitry Bykov esasivame ukusho ukuthi kunzima ukuthola idumela ezincwadini zaseRussia kubi kakhulu kuneBryusovskaya. Ngempela, abanye abantu abephila kanye nabasogxeki bemibhalo bakholelwa ukuthi uValery Yakovlevich yindoda emincane futhi eqhoshayo. Lokhu akumangazi, ngemuva kwakho konke, umhlangano wokuqala wezinkondlo, enyatheliswa ngo-1895, umbhali, ngaphandle konembeza, obizwa ngokuthi "ubuciko" ("Chefs d'Oeuvre")), kubalulekile, kufanelekile ukukhumbula isingeniso kuleli qoqo, Lapho i-valery yakovlevich imemezela lapho umsebenzi wakhe ubuciko baphakade.
Yebo, nasekuqoqweni kwe- "Urbi Et Orbi" Ukuzimela okuningana okuqubuke, umlobi afaka abafundi obala enkantolo, hhayi ngokuthosa ngezingathekiso ngokweqile. Kepha makube yilokho njengoba kungenzeka, kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi uValery Yakovlevich waba nethonya elikhulu kubalandeli bakhe, esebenza njengomfundisi wabafundi abazama ukulingisa ngendlela ye-MAHLE emsebenzini wabo. Futhi uma ngabe abagxeki bezwa okuyize, khona-ke osebenza nabo emsebenzini wokusebenzela kwakubhekwa njengeBolsova ngenkanyezi yomhlahlandlela, umpristi wesiko.
Lokhu kufaka hhayi kuphela izimboliso, kodwa futhi nama-aqmeists (ngokwesibonelo, uNikolai Gumilev, uMikhail Zankevich, OSIP Mandelstam), kanye ne-Futurists (Vadim Shernevich kanye neBoris Pasternak).
Ngokuqondene nempilo yomuntu siqu, uValery Yakovlevich Bryusov ushadile kanye kuphela: Ngo-1897, umlobi wenza isiphakamiso sesandla sakhe nenhliziyo yaseCzech emthobeni kaJohn Rudnt, owaphendula imvume. Abathandi babehlala ngesandla kuze kube sekufeni kokufa, futhi noJohane wayengunkosikazi othembekile kanye nomnyuziyamu, egqugquzela imbongi ngemisebenzi emisha. Kwakungekho zingane emndenini.
Ukushona
Umsunguli wophawu eRussia washona ngo-Okthoba 9, 1924 eMoscow. Imbangela yokufa ingukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu. Imbongi enkulu yayinikelwe ezweni e-Novodevichy Cemetery. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngemuva kokuswayipha kukaJohn Mattevevna othandekayo wanyathelisa imisebenzi engadingekile yomngane womshado.I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1895 - "Abapheki d'OEUVRE" ("ubuciko"))
- Ngo-1903 - "Urbi et orbi" ("idolobha kanye minu")
- Ngo-1907-1911 - "I-Axis Ground Axis"
- Ngo-1907 - "Ingelosi Yemlilo"
- 1909 - "Yonke Imigudu"
- 1911-1912 - "I-altare lokunqoba. Inganekwane yekhulu le-IV "
- Ngo-1912 - "Isibuko se-Shadow"
- 1913 - "Ubusuku nezinsuku"
- 1916 - "Reya Sylvia. U-Elili, indodana u-Elili "
- Ngo-1916 - "Imibala Eyisikhombisa Yomnyama"
- 1916-1917 - "Isishiyagalolunye Kamen"
- 1917-1919 - "Amaphupho asanda kwakamuva"
- 1922 - "Dali"
- Ngo-1924 - "Mea" ("Shesha")
- 1928 - "Izinkondlo Ezingadingekile"