Biography
Valius Oleg hunhu hwezvakaitika kare, nezve biography raizivikanwa naBioology. Vanotsvagurudza vanokwevera ruzivo nezvazvo kubva kuMakroniki vakanyorwa nemamongi, uye kubva ku "ngano yemakore" eanonyora kanorasi kweNesor. Prince Novgorod akabata Smolensk, rudo uye Kiev, achigadzira guta rekupedzisira reRussia yeRussia. Akawedzera miganhu yenyika dzenzvimbo, achidyidzana nevanhu nemadzinza aigara munzvimbo idzi. Bhodhi reMuchinda Oleg Novggovorsky rakaratidza kutanga kwekuvapo kwesimba rekare reRussia.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Nezve inherera uye pwere yeMubindu Oleg, zvakaoma kufunga, sezvo Mbiriyamu ana Dudziro dzinoverengeka dzechitarisiko chake mudenderedzwa reRüric. Maererano nemumwe wavo, aifanira kuve hama yemuchinda nemunun'una wake mukadzi wake Efaa. Izvi zvinotaurira "ngarava yemakore", uye iyo Ioamakhoviian Orchicle inosimbisa chokwadi.
Kumumwe, muchinda aive gavhuna ari muye gavhuna, aishandisa chivimbo chaMutongi. Uku kudhumwa kunopa iyo Novgorod yekutanga charnicle. Vanyori venhoroondo vanotaura nezve Scandinavia Saga nezve yekare Orvar, kuvhenekera chokwadi chebhodhi reOleg uye kuratidza kuti Scandinavia akaziva zvinhu zveOleg.
Dare Rinodzora
Maererano neLegent, zita rekuti zita rakapihwa neOleg nekuda kwekufara. Kuva musoro weChikwata neHurumende, aive panguva imwe chetewo monarch, mupristi uye n'anga. Ngano, dzinofukidza gadziriro yemutongi inoshamwaridzana neiyi nuance.
Mwanakomana waRindu Rurik, ari mwana, kana mubereki wakati ari paari afa. Mutongi akafunga kuendesa simba reOleg. Enterprise, huchenjeri nemauto emauto emuchinda mutsva akapemberera Machinda. Bhodhi reOleg rakatanga neAdventures: Pfungwa dzekuti kuwana simba rizere pamusoro pemvura yekudonha kwemvura uye kutorwa kwenzira yemvura kuenda kuGreece. Zvaifanirwa kukunda madzinza aigara mundima idzi.
Vanochera matongo vanozvisimbisa kuti nenguva yekuuya kweOleg kune simba reNovgorod sekudaro kwaisazovapo. Nzvimbo yake yaigarwa nenzvimbo nhatu, dzakapfupikiswa nemaitiro, iyo guta nhare, yakavakwa muzana remakore re9. Rurik naOleg vaive vatongi havana kunyanya kuita sertarogodhi, sezvaakadanwa. Iyo yakakura nzvimbo yekutenga, guta reLadoga, kukosha kwayo zvishoma nezvishoma rakaderera muna 859-862 nekuda kwehondo dzakawanda uye mabasa akaitwa. Maguta anobata, akaramba asingazivikanwe, asi iyo Novgombed yakaonekwa pano yakazova ngano.
Murume uyu akazova murume akakwanisa kubatanidza musi wekare Russia. Muchinda ndiye akatanga kurova Kaganat Kaganat, aive nekwaanoshanda kumusha kwake, akatanga kushandira pamwe nevaGiriki. Mushure mekufa kwaRurik, akava mutongi uye nechokumusoro. Mutongi mutsva akateererwa naCarivhi, lmen uye madzinza eFinces, pakati pavo vaiva mudiki uye vanorema. Smolensk uye Lyubech aive pasi pehukuru hweoleg.
Mushandirapamwe wekumaodzanyemba, unoitwa nemuchinda pamwe neiyo nzira yakakurumbira yekutengesa "kubva kuWellag kuGreek", inobvumidzwa kukunda Kiev na882. Vatongi veAndild neDir Cunning vakadzingwa, uye pamwe chete ne novgorodhi Kiev vakatanga kuteerera muchinda mutsva. Naizvozvo, zvakatsanangurwa nevanyori venhoroondo zvakafukidzwa senguva yekugadzira iyo yekare yeRussia nyika, iyo Oleg inotonga kubva 882 kusvika 912.
Mabhongerwo emhuri akatsamwisa zviitiko zvakakosha zvesimba. Iyo nzvimbo yenzvimbo, yakaradzikwa neOleg, yakaziviswa madzinza, kusanganisira: vntychi, Polyana uye nePolyana uye neRadMI, OITMI uye nevamwe. Nekugadza madzitateguru ake, muchinda akaita madzitaro egore, iyo fion, iyo yakava prototype yebasa remutero uye nzira yekutonga.
Kurwa naKhazari, Olegi akasunungura nyika dzeSleariti dzeSleephions kubva kuna Dani, iro ramakore maviri akapfuura kune vadzvinyiriri. Muna 898, vaHungari vakasvika pamiganho yeHurumende, asi muchinda akakwanisa kutanga hukama hwevanhu vane rugare uye vabvumirane pakuvimba.
Muna 19907, mushandirapamwe wakaitwa paConstantinople, izvo mune mamwe masosi anonzi Tsargrad. Mhedzisiro yacho yaive chibvumirano chekutengeserana chakagumiswa muna 911. Zvinoenderana naye, vatengesi veRussia vangasatengera basa rekutengeserana muGostainople uye kwehafu yegore vaigara mahara mumamongi eSt. Mamost, vachitora uye kugadzirisa midziyo kuburikidza ne byzantium. Kwaivawo nebato rerugare pakati penyika.
Iyo inoda kuziva kuti kutaurwa kwemushandirapamwe akatsanangurwa hakuwanikwi mune zvinyorwa zveByzantine vanyori. Vamwe vaongorori vakabvunzwa uye chibvumirano chemusungwa, sezvo chakava mhedzisiro yezviitiko zvakati wandei. Oleg akatumira nhume dzekuti anoratidza nyika, uye vakadzokera kuRavis nezvipo. Pane shanduro yekuti yaive mushandirapamwe weByzantine kuti amuunzira zano rezita rekupupurira uye calcality, uye kwete nekuda kweiyo yakanaka, maererano ne "ngano yemakore".
Maererano nemamwe magwaro, Oleg akaita mumakono emasapian kuna Persia. Zviitiko zvekare zvenguva iyoyo zvinotsanangurwa zvakashata uye zvakaringana, saka zvakaoma kuvadzosa. Asi mafungiro emasayendisiti anobatanidza hypotheses uye zviitiko zvine chekuita nezita reMubindu Oleg. Saka, nhoroondo yezana ramakore rechi 13 Ibn isfandiyar inotsanangura kupambwa kweRusch kuenda kuPersian Abuskun. Mushure mekukundwa uku kurwa uku, squad yeRussia yakakunda guta iri muna 909110, kunyangwe kutsamwa kwePersia uye kutsiva zvakare kubhururuka kwevanopinda.
Arabic al-Masidi nyanzvi yeLabilipsied kuti muna 912 mutongi waRusov, asina kutumidzwa zita rake shure, akaitwa kubva kugungwa dema kuenda Azv kubudikidza neKerch. Mune tsananguro yake, Al-Massidi akataura hunhu, uyo aigona kuenzaniswa neoleg akafanana nemazita.
Hupenyu Hwako
Kuve mutendeti nemwanakomana waRurik, Oleg haana kutamisa chiremera mumaoko eGori kusvikira panguva yaaive nemakore makumi matatu nemashanu. Oleg haana kuronga kuita mugari wenhaka. Kunyangwe Igor mitemo Kiev panguva yeMupi wekupa mazano uye kusavapo kwake, zviremera zvakadzokera kuOleg, uyo angangoda kumuchinjisa kuvazukuru.
Hupenyu hwepedyo hwemutongi akasimba, pamwe chete nekwavakabva, hwakafukidzwa muchivande. Kuti titaure kuti mukadzi wake nevana vaiva zvakaoma here, asi maererano nemirairo yenguva iyoyo, varwi vangadai vasina kusvika pakuvimba uye kusava nehanya kwemutungamiriri, vasina simba mune zvemunhu. MaWarriors aisazozviisa pasi pemunhu asina kusimbisa chiremera pane zviyero zveiyo nguva. Uye pfungwa yemurume yaiwanzowanzove mu barika.
Mushure mekupedza hupenyu hwakawanda muhupenyu hwekukunda mushandirapamwe, Oleg aisakwanisa kuita imba yepamutemo, asi aive nemukadzi wake. Maererano nemamwe Mbiri, haana kusiya vana. Asi iyo moravian sosi inogovera hunhu paNicknamed Vallag, uyo akatiza kubva kuRussia uye aine zita rePatronymic Olegvich.
Mune magwaro pane chinongedzo kuchokwadi chekuti aive hama olga, mukadzi wairemi. Vamwe vaongorori vanoratidzawo kuti Oleg anogona kunge ari mwanasikana weOleg, sezvo vhezheni yekuonekwa kwayo haisi pachena. Chinyorwa chezana ramakore rechigumi nemashanu uye iyo yakasungirirwa Piskarevsky runyorwa runosimbisa kururamisira kwefungidziro yeiyi. Muwanano rakarongwa reOlga uye igor aigona kupupurira kuti Oleg akaomesa nzira iyi kuna rally Russia.
Rufu
Ngano dzinotsanangurwa mu "Ngarava yemakore" inoenderana zvakananga neiyo Oleg's Biography uye inotakura chitambi chinorwadza chakararama nemutongi. Volkhv akafanotaura nezvechinda rufu kubva kubhiza rake raanoda. Chirevo chacho chaive chisina huremu hwe Oleg kusvikira bhiza rikafa. Kusanganisa pamusoro pekufeva, muchinda akafunga kutarisa zvasara zvemhuka. Iyo nyoka crane yakabuda muDehenya yaive yakatemwa neOleg. Kuruma kwake kwakakonzera kufa kwemutongi.
Iyo Legend iyo Alexander Pushkin yakashandisa mukana weiyo Oleg, inyanzvi yekunyora inowanikwa mumabasa eMiddle Ages Ages. Saka hunhu hwakawana huremu hukuru mumaziso evaverengi. Icelandic Saga, ichitsanangura kufa kweiyo viking orvard odde, kudzokorora nhoroondo, asi iyo yekutanga sosi inoramba isingazivikanwe. Vamwe vaongorori vanoratidza kuti gamba rinoporofita oleg.
Oleg akatora rufu muna 912, asi masayendisiti anoramba achipokana nezvekwaakabva, Biography neRufu, mienzaniso inotungamira yeuchapupu hwese hutsva. Saka, iyo Novgorod Chronicle inozivisa dzimwe shanduro dzerufu rweOleg. Rondedzero yake inoguma nekutaura nezverufu rwe "pamusoro pegungwa". Zvichida tiri kutaura nezve mushandirapamwe wekunze weOleg, uyo anotsanangura al-Masidi mumarekodhi ake. Iye munyori akapupurira kubuda kwekumudya kweRuba muKerch Strait.
Pane mukana wekuti kuparadzwa kweAzerbaijan uye kupatsanurana kwekugadzirwa pamwe neKhazari kwakakonzera kukakavara. Mauniti akamisikidzwa pamusoro pemitemo uye akapinda muhondo, kuputsa vavengi uye kuuraya mukuru wavo. Iyo Caspian Campaign inogona kuve yezvinhu zveOleg pakupedzisira.
Ndangariro dzeMuchinda Guru Rinochengetwa nekuda kwekunyora mabasa, mafirimu uye mafirimu akagadzirwa nemifananidzo yakafuridzirwa yetsika uye hunyanzvi.