Biography
I-Olegi ethe vesive yinto eyimbali, malunga nebhayiloji yakhe eyaziwayo. Abaphandi bazoba ulwazi malunga ne-Kifntionals ebhalwe ziimonki, kunye ne "Tale yeminyaka eseleyo" yokubhalwa kwe-chinarr. IPrince Novgorod ibanjiwe, uthando neKiev, esenza idolophu yokugqibela yelizwe lakudala laseRussia. Wandisa imida yamazwe emveli, esebenzisana nabantu nezizukulwana ezihlala kule mimandla. IBhodi yePrince Oleg Novgorodsky iphawula ukuqala kobukho bamandla amandulo baseRussia.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Malunga ne-horphanage nobutsha basePrince Oleg, kunzima ukuqiqa, njengoko ezazini-Yesu zineetoliki ezininzi zenkangeleko yakhe kwi-Rüric. Ngokutsho komnye wabo, kwafuneka ukuba sisalamane seNkosana kunye nomntakwabo mbhini wakhe i-Emesanda. Oku kuxela "i-tele yeminyaka ye-tsemboni", kunye neCumineIcy ye-Ioamaakhovian iqinisekisa inyani.
Kwelinye icala, inkosana yayiyirhuluneli elula, eyayisebenzisa ukuzithemba komlawuli. Olu nxibelelwano lubonelela nge-novgorod yokuqala. Ababhali-mbali bathetha ngeSaganavia e-Scandinavia malunga ne-orvar endala, bekhanyisa iinyani zeBhodi ye-Oleg kwaye bangqina ukuba abantu baseScandinavi base-Oleg bayazazi izinto zika-Oleg.
Ibhunga lolawulo
Ngokutsho kwembali, igama lesidlaliso lanikwa i-Oleg ngenxa yemincili. Ukuba yintloko yeqela kunye nombuso, kwangaxeshanye unkosikazi, umbingeleli nomlingo. Iintsomi, ukuqhubela phambili ilungiselelo loMlawuli ezinxulunyaniswa nesona sincoko.
Unyana wasePrince Rurik, i-Igor, wayengumntwana, xa umzali ebekhelele. Umlawuli wagqiba kwelokuba atshintshe amandla ka-Oleg. Ishishini, ubulumko kunye nomoya omtsha weNkoxezana Yabhiyonisa iziKhskhtisweni. Ibhodi yezinto zika-Oleg yaqala ngokufika: Iingcamango malunga nokufumana amandla apheleleyo malunga nokuntywila kwe-dnier kunye nokuthintelwa kwendlela ye-Greece. Kwakunyanzelekile ukuba boyise izizwe ezazihlala kule mimandla.
Abembi bezinto zakudala baqinisekisa ukuba lixesha lokufika kuka-Oleg kumandla eNovgorod njengoko kungabikho. Indawo yakhe yayihlala kwiindawo ezintathu, ishwankathelwe ziimbangeli, inqaba yeSixeko, eyakhiwe ngenkulungwane ye-9. URurik no-Oleg babengabalawuli kungengabantu abaninzi njenge-standedod, njengoko wabizwayo. Iziko elininzi lokuthenga, iSixeko saseLadoga, esibaluleka kwethu siphumle ngokuthe chu kwi-859-862 ngenxa yeemfazwe ezininzi kwaye isebenzisa imisebenzi. Izixeko ezichaphazela, zahlala zingaziwa, kodwa iNovgorod ivele yavela ukuba ibe yimbali.
Indoda yaya kuba yindoda eyakwazi ukumanyanisa iRussia yamandulo. Inkosana yayikukuqala ukubetha iKhazastar Katanat, eyayinelizwe lakhe, yaqala ukusebenzisana namaGrike. Emva kokusweleka kukaRurik, waba ngumlawuli nasemantla. Umlawuli omtsha wathobela iCrivoni, izizwe zase-ilmen kunye nezizwe ezifihlakeleyo, ezivela phakathi kwabo bezinzima kwaye zinobunzima. I-Smolensk kunye ne-lybech yayiphantsi kolawulo luka-Oleg.
Iphulo loLwandle, eyenziwa yinkosana ecaleni kwendlela eyaziwayo yokurhweba "ukusuka kwi-VAMAG kumaGrike", ivunyelwe ukuba yoyise iKiev ngo-882. Abalawuli baseTortuld kunye noDrir Cunning bagxothwa, kwaye kunye noNovgorod Kiev baqala ukuthobela iNkosana entsha. Ke ngoko, okucacisiweyo ngababhali-mbali igutyungelwe njengexesha lokudala imeko yamandulo yaseRussia, apho u-Oleg ulawula ukusuka kwi-882 ukuya kwi-912.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yePrince eqokelelwe iziganeko ezibalulekileyo zamandla. Isiseko esingaqhelekanga, esibekwe phantsi ngu-Oleg, saziqonda izizwe, kubandakanya: iValki, Poyana kunye ne-Polyna kunye ne-Northers, i-radmichi, ne-oitlini kunye nabanye. Ngokutsala iirhuluneli zakhe, inkosana yayenzela imicimbi yonyaka, iFilion, eye yaba yiprototype yenkonzo yerhafu kunye nenkqubo yenkundla.
Ukulwa noKhazari, uOlegi ukhulula uMhlaba wase-East Slavic unguDani, obaya kwiinkulungwane ezi-2 ezidluliselwa ngabacinezeli. Ngowama-898, baseHungariya basondela kwimida yoRhulumente, kodwa inkosana yayikwazile ukumisela ubudlelwane obunoxolo nabantu abami baseMngeni kwaye bavumelane ngentembeko.
Ngo-19907, iphulo laliqhutywa eConstantinople, ethi eminye imithombo ibizwa ngokuba yi-surgrad. Isiphumo yayisisivumelwano sokurhweba nge-911. Ngokutsho kwakhe, abathengisi baseRussia basenokungayihlawulanga umsebenzi worhwebo eConstantinople kwaye kwisiqingatha sonyaka ohlala mahala kwimonasont, efumana kwaye elungisa i-Byzantium. Kwakukho nenyanga yoxolo phakathi kwamazwe.
Kunomdla wokuba ukukhankanywa kwephulo elichaziweyo alifumanekanga kwimithombo yababhali baseByzantine. Abanye abaphengululi babutsalayo kwaye isivumelwano sebanjwa, kuba sisiphumo sesivumelwano sezivumelwano ezininzi. U-Oleg wathumela abameli ukuba baqinisekise umhlaba, kwaye babuyela kwi-ravis ngezipho. Kukho inguqulelo yokuba yayiliphulo lokubizwa ngeBytsantine kangangokuba wamzisela igama lesidlaliso ngorhatya kunye nokulwa, kungenxa yento entle, ngokweminyaka ye-palene yeminyaka ".
Ngokwamanye amaxwebhu, i-Oleg yenziwa kwiphulo leCaspian nxamnye namaPersi. Iziganeko zembali zelo xesha zichazwe ngokungacacanga kwaye ziqengqelekile, ngoko kunzima ukuzibuyisela. Kodwa izimvo zezazinzulu zidibanisa i-hypotheses kunye nezehlo ezinxulumene negama leNkosana oleg. Ke, umbhali-mbali wenkulungwane ye-13 ibn i-Ibn Isfandariar ichaza uRaid we-rusch ruscun. Emva koloyiso kulo mlo, iqela laseRussia lahlula isixeko ngo-909-910, nangona umsindo wamaPersi noziphindezela kwakhona abafumana abahlaseli.
IArabic al-Masidi yangqina ukuba nge-912 umlawuli waseRussov, owayengekabizwa emva, wayebanjelwe kuLwandle oluMnyama ukuya kwiKerch Strait. Kwiinkcazo zakhe, i-Al-Mas-Massidi ikhankanyiwe umlinganiswa, lowo unokuthelekiswa ne-OLEG ngokufana kwamagama.
Ubomi Buqu
Ukuba yirente kunye nonyana kaRurik, u-Oleg akazange adlulisele igunya ezandleni ze-igor kude kube lixesha elingangeeminyaka engama-35. U-Oleg akazange acwangcise ukwenza indlalifa kwindlalifa. Nangona i-Igor ilawula i-kiev ngexesha lomcebisi kunye nokungabikho kwakhe, abasemagunyeni babuyela ku-Olegi, owayefuna ukumdlulisela kwi nzala.
Ubomi bobuqu bomlawuli obomeleleyo, kunye nemvelaphi yayo, ifakwe emfihlekweni. Ukuthetha malunga nokuba ngubani na kunye nabantwana bakhe, kwakunzima, kodwa ngokwemithetho yelo xesha, amagorha ngekhe afikelele kwintembelo yokuthembeka komphathi, angomelelanga kwimicimbi yamatyala. Amajoni awayithobela umntu ongaqinisekanga igunya kwimigangatho yelo xesha. Kwaye umxholo we-masculineity uhlala uhlala kwi-polygamy.
Emva kokuchitha uninzi lobomi kwiphulo loloyisiqela, i-Oleg ayikwazanga ukwenza umtshato osemthethweni, kodwa umfazi wakhe wayenomfazi wakhe. Ngokwezinye zeziganeko, akazange abashiye ngasemva kwabantwana. Kodwa imithombo ye moravia yabela umlinganiswa kwi-vyag, eyabaleka ivela eRussia kwaye yayinegama likaPatron kunye negama lika-Olegovich.
Kumaxwebhu kukho ikhonkco kwinto yokuba wayengumzalwana i-Olga, iqabane i igor. Abanye abaphengululi baphakamisa ukuba i-olga inokuba yintombazana ka-Oleg, kuba inguqulelo yembonakalo yawo ayibonakali. Ingxelo yenkulungwane ye-15 kunye noluhlu lwe-piskarevsky eqhotyoshelweyo liqinisekisa ngokuthe ngqo ubulungisa beli nqaku. Umtshato ocwangcisiweyo we-olga ne-Igor unokungqina ukuba u-Oleg wenzakadeni ngale ndlela yokuhlanganisana iRussia.
Ukufa
Intsomi echazwe kwi "Tale yeminyaka eseleyo" inxulumene ngokuthe ngqo ne-Oleg's Biology kwaye ithwala isitampu esibuhlungu apho umlawuli wayehlala khona. UVolkh xela kwangaphambili ngokufa kwihashe lakhe elithandekayo. Eli lizwi alibanga lunzima ka-Oleg de ihashe lifile. Ukudibanisa okungaboniyo, inkosana yagqiba ekubeni ijonge iintsalela zesilwanyana. Inyoka yenyoka yaphuma kwi-full yayithukile ngu-Oleg. Ukuluma kwakhe kwabangela ukufa komlawuli.
Intsomi yokuba uAlexander Utywina wasebenzisa ingoma malunga ne-Oleg, yimvelaphi yoncwadi kwimisebenzi yamaXesha Aphakathi. Ubuntu bufumene ubunzima obukhulu emehlweni abafundi. I-Icelandic SAGA, echaza ukufa kwe-viking odvard, iphindaphindwe imbali, kodwa umthombo wayo wokuqala uhlala ungaziwa. Abanye abaphengululi bacebisa ukuba iqhawe liyi-Oleg yesiprofetho.
U-Oleg wathabatha ukufa nge-912, kodwa izazinzulu ziyaqhubeka nokuxabana ngemvelaphi yayo, ibhayiloji kunye nokufa, imigaqo ekhokelela kwimizekelo entsha kubo bonke ubungqina obutsha. Ke, i-novgorod ivakalisa ezinye iinguqulelo zokufa kuka-Oleg. Ingxelo yakhe iphela ngokubhekisele ekufeni 'ngaselwandle ". Mhlawumbi sithetha ngephulo lika-Oleg, ochaza i-al-maridi kwiirekhodi zakhe. Umbhali ungqina ukuvela kweRus kwiKerch Strait.
Kukho ithuba leyona ntshabalalo ye-Azerbaijan kunye neCandelo leMveliso kunye ne-Khazari yabangela ukungqubana. Iiyunithi zahlulwa ngokuchasene nemithetho zaza zangena edabini, ezaphula iintshaba zibulale umphathi wabo. Iphulo le-caspian linokubakho ngenxa yezinto ze-Oleg Geel.
Inkumbulo yenkosana enkulu igcinwe enkosi ngemisebenzi yoncwadi, iifilimu kunye nemifanekiso eyenziwe ngamanani aphefumlelweyo yenkcubeko kunye nobugcisa.