Ubuzima
Eric Erickson ni psychologue na psychoanalyst, bize iterambere ryimitekerereze mugihe cya Lipgene kandi itegura inyigisho ya epigenetiki yiterambere ryumuntu. Afite ibishya by'ijambo "kuranga indangamuntu". Umuhanga yamenyekanaga nk'umuntu kandi wimenyereza umwuga, yigishije mu bigo bikomeye by'amashuri n'ubuhanga buyobora mu mavuriro. Byongeye kandi, yabaye umwanditsi w'ibitabo mu cyerekezo cy'umwirondoro.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Eric Homburger Erkkson yavutse ku ya 15 Kamena 1902 i Frankfurt am Main kandi yahindutse imbuto z'imiterere y'ibanga ya Charles Abhahamsen na Dane utazwi w'Abayahudi bakomoka mu Bayahudi. Muri kiriya gihe, umugore yashakanye na Curvature Broker Waldemar Salomonsen, nuko umuhungu abonye izina rye ryanyuma.
Nyuma yigihe, Charles yarangije amasomo yumuforomo, ahungira i Karlsruhe, aho Erica yabaye. Mu 1904, nyina wa nyina yahujwe no gushyingirwa hamwe na pediatrician homburger homburger. Nyuma yimyaka 7, uwambukiraya yareze kumugaragaro umwana. Charles yareze umuhungu we mu migenzo y'Abayahudi.
Kugaragara k'umuhungu ntabwo byahuye n'ubwenegihugu. Mu ishuri ry'idini ry'Abayahudi, buddles yamushishikarije umusatsi w'umuyaga n'amaso y'ubururu, no mu ishuri risanzwe yihanganiye gushinyagurira idini. Kuvanga indangamuntu byarakaje amakimbirane yo mu gihugu, kandi umusore aragenda arushaho gutekereza ku nkomoko ye.
Nka siporo ya Gymnasium, Eric yakundaga ubuhanzi, indimi nubumenyi bwitabirwa. Twashakaga ko Paspater warangiye ishuri yinjira mu kigo cy'ubuvuzi, ariko ikiruhuko cyabaye umunyeshuri w'ishuri ry'ubuhanzi i Munich.
Bidatinze, umusore yavuye mu masomo ye. Mu gihe runaka yazengurutse Uburayi, asura umujyi w'Ubudage no mu Butaliyani mu gihe cy'umwana wa Peter blos. Ericason yakoresheje kugurisha ibishushanyo, ariko asobanukiwe ko atazigera ahuze byimazeyo ubuzima bwiza. Yagarutse i Karlsruhe, yemeye icyifuzo cy'umuhondo cyo kwimukira i Vienne maze ahinduka umwarimu wo gushushanya ku ishuri ryaho.
Impano ya Pedagogi yumujyanama yagereranije umukiriya ukize wamuhaye akazi kwigisha abana. Ibihuha ko Erickson abonanye neza nabana ningimbi, bazenguruka akarere. Umujyanama yatangiye gutumira abandi babyeyi. Muri bo harimo inshuti Anna na Sigmund Freud.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Eric Ericson yashakanye mu 1930. Yahisemo yari umubyinnyi n'umuhanzi baturutse muri Kanada Joan Moweet Serson. Kurambagiza couple yabaye kumupira. Umugore yahaye umugabo abahungu babiri n'umukobwa. Kuba mu bashakanye, imitekerereze ya psychologue yemeje Ubukristo.Igihe mu 1933, byagaragaye ko kuza i Magill Hitler bikubiyemo iterabwoba ry'Abanazi, Eric, hamwe n'umugore we n'abana be, bajya i Copenhaden. Ntibyashobokaga kwemerera ubwenegihugu bwa Danemarke, ku buryo umuryango wimukiye muri Amerika, aho iki kibazo kitari cyo, ariko biroroshye kubaka ubuzima bwite.
Mu mpera za 1930, imitekerereze yafashe izina ryanyuma Erickson, kandi izina ryanyuma rya Schoochi ryari izina rya kabiri.
Ibikorwa bya siyansi
Ku myaka 25, Eric yamenyereye cyane. Umukobwa wa Psychoanaly Anna yamufashije kuba uwumva ibiganiro ku kigo cya Vienne Psychoanalytic. Umusore wagize imitekerereze y'abana. Bifitanye isano, yize tekinike ya Mwuri ya MINTESTORI, ishingiye ku iterambere ry'umwana n'intambwe zo guhinduka mu mibonano mpuzabitsina. Mu 1933, umuhanga mu by'imitekerereze yakiriye impamyabumenyi.
Abimukiye muri Amerika, Ericason yabaye umwana wa mbere mu mutwe wa Boston. Mu mizo ya mbere, yakoraga mu bitaro bya Massachusetts, hanyuma hagati y'ishuri ryabatsin na Harvard. Yabaye kandi umuganga w'ivuriro wa psychologiya. Mu 1936, Eritik yatanze umwanya mu ishuri ry'ubuvuzi n'ikigo cy'ubusabane muri kaminuza ya Yale. Usibye psychoanalyse, umushakashatsi yagize uruhare mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe na antrolepologiya na psychologiya, nsabana n'abahagarariye uburenganzira bwo kuyobora.
Mu 1938, Ericason yarangije imirimo ye muri Yale ajya muri Dakota yepfo kureba umuryango wa Siou, hanyuma aziraga n'imigenzo y'umuryango w'ikikunge muri Californiya. Kugereranya ibiranga iterambere ryabana mumiryango, imitekerereze ya psychologue yabonye itandukaniro. Bashishikarije umuhanga mu bushakashatsi mu rwego rw'ingaruka kuri psyche y'ibikorwa bibera mu bwangavu. Nyuma y'umwaka, hamwe n'umuryango we, Eritisson yimukiye muri California, aho yinjiye mu itsinda ry'ikigo cy'ubwiteganyirize bwa berkeley, utusanya iterambere ryabana. Yasomye kandi San Francisco.
Ahantu hashya, Eric yasubiye mu bwoko bwa Yurok arangije kwiga kabiri. Muri 1950 zasohoye igitabo "Ubwana na societe", byamuteye kuba icyamamare. Yasobanuye ibitekerezo bijyanye n'isi y'ubwana n'ingaruka z'umuryango kuri we. Muri uwo mwaka, umuhanga yavuye ku rukuta rwa kaminuza ya Californiya.
Mu gihe cyo kuva 1951 kugeza 1960, Eric Ericson yigishije hagati ya Austin Riggs kandi akorana numusore utari mwiza. Ahuje, yavugaga muri kaminuza ya Pittsburgh nka Porofeseri utumira. Mu 1958, yasohoye igitabo cy'umuhanga witwa "Umusore Luther".
Agarutse muri Harvard mu mpera z'imyaka ya za 1960, yafashe umwanya wa Porofeseri kugeza mu myaka ya za 70. Mu 1968, igitabo cya Erikson "indangamuntu: Urubyiruko n'ibibazo" byasohotse. Mu 1973, umushakashatsi yakoze nk'umusomyi mu nyigisho ya Jefferson maze ahabwa igihembo kinini cya Amerika kuva i Fondasiyo y'igihugu ishinzwe abantu.
Umuhanga yagize uruhare runini muri psychologiya. Gufata igitekerezo cya FEUD, ntabwo yibanda ku gitekerezo cy'umubano w'abana n'ababyeyi, kandi gicisha inyungu umuntu mu gice. Igitekerezo cye cyo guteza imbere imiterere yubumuntu dusangiye ko ibintu bitari ibyiciro 5, ariko ku byiciro 8 byubuzima. Usibye ibyiciro byasobanuwe na Freud, ikindi gihe cya 3 cyumuntu mukuru wagaragaye mugishushanyo.
Gutongana ku rujijo mu ndangamuntu, Erickson yakoze ibihe bikurikira by'icyiciro cy'iterambere: imitsi, imitsi-anal, ingwate, yihishe, inginzi, gukura mbere, gukura).
Afite akamaro kanini kuri ego, yizera ko umwirondoro we bituma umuntu yemerera buri muntu ku giti cye. Uruhare rugoreka ruganisha ku kuba ingingo idashobora kubaho nk'umunyamuryango wa sosiyete. Umushakashatsi yizeraga ko ibidukikije bigira ingaruka ahanini ku bijyanye n'imihindagurikire y'umwana, gushiraho kwigira no kwishima no kuranga. Ego ni yo nyirabayazana wo guhuza ibidukikije, gukura ku giti cye no kuyishyira mu bikorwa, kwigirira icyizere.
Urupfu
Eric Erickson yapfuye ku ya 12 Gicurasi 1994. Impamvu y'urupfu yari ifitanye isano n'ubusaza. Yabonye ubuhungiro bwa nyuma mu mujyi wa Harich, mu miterere ya Massachusetts. Hamwe n'umugore, umuhanga mu by'imitekerereze yashyinguwe ku irimbi ry'itorero ry'ishuri.Imirimo y'abahanga irasaba uyu munsi, kandi amafoto ye ashyirwa mu bitabo n'ibitabo bijyanye na psychologiya y'imyaka.
Bibliografiya
- 1950 - "Ubwana n'umuryango"
- 1958 - "Umusore Luther. Kwiga amateka kandi psychoanalytic »
- 1959 - "Indangamuntu: Urubyiruko n'ikibazo"
- 1969 - "NYAKURI MAHTMA Gandhi: Kubijyanye n'inkomoko y'inkomoko y'abarwanyi badakomokaho"
- 1978 - "Igihe gikuze"
- 1986 - "Uruhare rw'ubuzima mu busaza"
- 1987 - "UBWEZI BUKURIKIRA"