Ubuzima
Umwanditsi, wahaye abana imico itangaje ya Carlson n'umubabaro mwiza wa Peppi Long-Roll, yarumiwe ku bana bose b'isi. Biragoye kubona umuryango aho batarasomye ibitabo byiza kandi bishimishije Astrid Lindgren. Umwanditsi wa Suwede, kimwe ntawundi, yakemuye ubugingo bwabana asanga inzira igana. Amagambo asa, yerekanye ibibazo byingenzi nubwoko bwabantu bito, yibutsa abantu bakuru ko bigeze kumenya, ariko bibagirwa.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Astrid Anna Emilia Eriksson, nuko yumvikana izina ryuzuye ry'umwanditsi mbere yo gushyingirwa, yavutse mu Gushyingo 1907 muri Suwede, mu isambu yatwaye. Mu mutungo w'imirima, imyaka y'abana yumwanditsi w'ejo hazaza. Kuba hafi ya kamere, imyaka y '"amafarasi na cabriolet" yagize uruhare mu gufungura mu mwuka no guteza imbere intangiriro yo guhanga ikira.
Mu nzu ya Ericssons yiciwe urukundo no kubyemera. Ababyeyi ba Asrisrid bahuye ku isoko igihe Mama yari afite 7, kandi Data afite imyaka 13. Ubucuti bw'abana bwahindutse impuhwe, nyuma - mu rukundo. Samweli Kanama na Hana babyaranye abana bane b'abana: imfura - umuhungu wa gunnar - n'abakobwa batatu, bakuze ba kera ba Astrid Anna Emilia.
Abana bakikijwe nubuzima bwumuhinzi na kamere ya Pristine. Abasore bafashaga ababyeyi kumurimo wo murugo, kandi mugihe cyabo cyakazi bambarwaga hafi yumurima bashaka ibyabaye. Mu muryango, nk'uko astrid Lindzn, umwuka utangaje, abantu bakuru ntibatindiganyije kugaragariza abantu ibyiyumvo basusurutse ndetse n'abana mu miryango itegamiye ku giti cyabo bidasanzwe.
Ntoya Astrid Lindgren yemeye kumva imigani - imigani n'imigani bakunze kubwirwa kubana bari muririma. Ntabwo wize gusomera ashortrid bwa mbere yumvise "igitabo" mu nzu ku mukobwa w'umukobwa. Abana be basoma igikoni cya mama. Umukobwa ushimishije yumvikanye, yizingizwa mwisi yubumaji asubira mubyukuri igihe kirekire. Bidatinze, Lindgren yize impamya impamya impamya, kandi gusoma byari umwuga ukunda ubuziraherezo. Mu masomo y'ibanze, umwanditsi w'ejo hazaza yerekanye ubushobozi bw'ubuvanganzo, aho yari urwenya rwitwa Selma Lagerf (Umubatizo wa mbere Nobel ya mbere mu bitabo).
Nyuma yo kurangiza amashuri yisumbuye, umukobwa wimyaka 16 yabonye umunyamakuru muto kurwego rwaho. Nyuma yimyaka ibiri, gutwita Lindghn kumugabo wubatse bavuye muri Vimmertle bajya ku murwa mukuru, bashaka kuzimira mu mujyi wa Milifiya, aho ntawe uzi. I Stockholm, Astrid Lindghn yakiriye umunyamabanga wihariye kandi mbere yuko umwana avuka akora muri autoclub ya cyami.
Ubuvanganzo
Nyuma yimyaka 5 Astrid Lindghn, ubu umudamu wubatse, yabaye umugore wo murugo. Mu 1941, umuryango, aho yakuze abana babiri, atura i kato ya Stockholm, uhereye ku madirishya yerekana amashusho ya Wasa agaragara. Hano umugore yanditse ibikorwa bye byose. Muri astrid ya mbere ya Astrid yanze ikaramu, akora nk'umunyamabanga. Hanyuma yakundaga kwandika imigani mito hamwe nibinyamakuru bikoreshwa mumiryango nibinyamakuru byabana.
Dukurikije inkuru, imiterere ya mbere yinkuru ya Adventure yabana yavukiye murakoze igikari gito. Gutwika Umukobwa wumucyo, umenyereye imigani ya Mama nijoro, yabajije astrid kuvuga inkuru ivuga kuri Peppi ndende. Izina ryumukobwa wavumbuwe. Lindgren yakoze icyifuzo cyumwana kandi gihimbamo umugani. Yakundaga umukobwa we kuburyo mama yarambuye gukomeza indi migoroba nyinshi.
Muri iki gihe, ibitekerezo bya Astrid Lindgn yigaruriye ibiganiro bishyushye kubyerekeye uburere bwabakiri bato. Igice kimwe cya societe cyemeje ko wubaha umwirondoro w'umwana n'ubwisanzure bukenewe mu bikorwa, icya kabiri ni ushinzwe uburezi bwa kera, cya Purian no kubuza umudendezo. Astrid yari mu ruhande rw "ubuntu" muri pedagogy, yategetse imiterere ya Pepi ye.
Buri gishyango gitaha kijyanye n'umudendezo ukunda umudendezo-urasa n'umusasu mu bubiko bw'imibare y'ibihanga byasabye gukomeza. Kumyaka itanu, inkuru ngufi "zakuze" mu nkuru. Igihe abakobwa Astrid LindGren yujuje imyaka 10, Mama yamugize impano yo kwizihiza isabukuru: yerekanye inyandiko yandikishijwe intoki ivuga inkuru nyinshi zerekeye Peppi kandi ihinduka igitabo.
Kwigana intoki hamwe nibitekerezo bya sorvigolov lindgren itukura yitiriwe inzu nini yo gusohora bonwade jimannierkoncernen. Ariko umwamamaji ntabwo yihutira gucapa igitabo gisigaye kugirango usanzwe. Gutekereza, Boneroncerere yasubije inyandiko yandikishijwe intoki ya Astrid. Umwanditsi ntiyari afite, ariko ntiyamanura amaboko: yabonye icyo gitekerezo cy'umukobwa cyakozwe n'inkuru zerekeye Peppy, kandi uzi neza ko izakomeza kwandika ku bana.
Mu 1944, umwanditsi wo muri Suwede yumvise ibijyanye n'irushanwa, afatwa nk'uwagaragaye n'inzu "Rabn na Sherodu". Mbere yuko abanditsi bashiraho igisubizo andika igitabo kubakobwa. Abamamaji batatu beza basezeranije gucapa. Astrid Lindgren yerekanye inkuru mu Rukiko "Brit-Marie asuka ubugingo" kandi ashyiraho kabiri. Rero yo guhanga rero ubuzima bwatangiye.
Umwaka utaha, "Rabn na Shegran" batumira Astrid ku kazi. Lindmn yishimiye gufata umuyobozi wumwanditsi wa mwanditsi wibitabo by'abana kandi akora muri uyu mwanya kugeza mu wacyaje kugeza mu wacyaje 190, amureka ngo agere ku myaka y'izabukuru.
Nishimiye umwanditsi mu 1945, "Rabn na Shegran" basohoza igitabo cya mbere kuri Peppi - "Peppi yatuye ku nkoko" inkoko ". Iyi nkuru yakunzwe cyane nuwo musore swadem kuburyo yahishuwe na mig. Bidatinze, inyandiko yahinduwe mu ndimi nyinshi kandi yatandukanijwe n'isi na miriyoni z'intebe. Mu 1946 na 1948, ababana n'abana barategereje gukomeza inkuru.
Mu 1946, Astrid Lindgren yerekanye abasore basomyi inkuru ivuga ibyabaye kuri Called Calle Blumvista. Mu 1951, abana basoma igice cya kabiri cya Callen barenze nyuma yimyaka 2, igice cya nyuma cya trilog cyasohotse, cyatangajwe Calle Blumyvistest na Rasmus. Amaze guhimba umugenzazi mwiza, Lindgn yasabye ubundi buryo bwa Thrillerars, aho abakiri bato bageze.
Hagati ya 1950, Astrid Lindghn yahaye abasomyi igice cya mbere cya Mio, muri trilogy yanjye. " Iyi ni inkuru itagaragara kandi ibabaje yerekeye umuhungu wagumye nta bushyuhe bwababyeyi. Hariho abana benshi b'imfubyi nyuma y'intambara, kandi umutima w'ababyeyi ba sogokuruza wari uhangayitse. Hamwe ninyandiko ye, yahaye abana be ibyiringiro no guhumurizwa, afasha guhangana ningorane no gucengeza kwizera ejo hejo.
Umwaka umwe, mu 1955, igitabo cya mbere cya trilog cyagaragaye kijyanye na "mu gipimo cy'akaga gakodesha Karlson n'umuhungu ubabaje, umuhungu wo mu muryango usanzwe utagera ku maboko. Wishime kandi uhumurize umwana uguruka umukunzi w'impanuka aryoshye hamwe na moteri ye.
Igitabo cyari gifite intsinzi itababaje, ihuye nibitekerezo bya Peppi. Mu 1962, igice cya kabiri cya trilog cyasohotse, kandi nyuma yimyaka 6 - icya gatatu. Guhindura inkuru nziza ivuga ku mwana na Karlssone kubasomyi b'Abarusiya bakoze Lilianna lungin. Igice cya mbere cyagaragaye nyuma yimyaka 2 nyuma yigitabo muri Suwede, icya gatatu - mu 1974.
Kuva mu 1963 kugeza 1986, Astrid Lindrom yahimbye abana b'ibitabo 6 byerekeranye n'itara rito, inzerere mpana kandi ifite imbaraga kandi ifite imbaraga. Umugereka w'imyaka 6 buri gihe ahinduka mu mahinduka, ariko birashoboka cyane kandi akenshi abwira se ibisubizo bitunguranye mu murima no mu bucuruzi.
Undi miriyoni nziza kandi ikundwa yabana Ibiranga Lindgren - Umugani Fantasy "Roni, umukobwa wubujura" - yagaragaye mu ntangiriro ya za 1980. Iyi ni inkuru yigisha kandi nziza yubwenge bw'abana abantu bakuru bagomba kwiga. RONI numukobwa wa Imaman Matis, kurwana no guhatana numujura, uwo mwana w'ibiti arakura. Abavandimwe bahiye bahiye banyarujishije impuhwe bakaba inshuti. Kandi iyo ababyeyi barwana bababuza kuba inshuti, bahunga mwishyamba.
Imirimo ya Suwede Umugani Iminota icumi yari imyenda kandi yashyizwe ku cyiciro cya theatrical yu Burayi, Amerika na Aziya. Bwa mbere kuri ecran hari inkuru yerekeye Blumkivist: Premiere yishusho yabaye mu 1947 kubiruhuko bya Noheri. Nyuma yimyaka ibiri, abareba televiziyo bato babonye guhitamo kwa Peppi.
Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti, guhanga umuriro wa Astrid Lindgren yari azwi cyane kandi ukundwa. Mu 1976, abana ba SSSR babonye kuri ecran film "ibyago byo guhamagara", mu 1978 - Ishusho ya "Raporo yo Gukurikirana", "Ihemba" na "Kuvura". Ikarito yerekeye Carlson yasohotse mu 1968 na 1970.
Astrid Lindgren mugihe ubuzima bwe bwasuye ibihembo byose. Mu 1958, yashyikirijwe imidari imyambarire ya Andersen, ahwanye na igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel mu bitabo by'abana.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Urukundo rwa mbere astrid Lindgren rwaje kubashimye. Umukunzi we - umwanditsi w'ikinyamakuru cya vimmerby axel bloomberg - yarubatse. Umunyamakuru w'imyaka 18 yitanze umusaza imyaka 30 ubwo yahukaga. Niba kandi mu rubanza bamenye ko Bloomberg yahinduye uwo bashakanye wa Olivia, konti ye yaba irimo ubusa. Kubwibyo, astrid atwite yavuye mumujyi.
Muri Danimarike, bemerewe gusiga izina rya se w'abahanga mu ibanga, bityo umukobwa akiri muto abyara Lars Mwana i Copenhaden. Amatara agera kuri 5, Lars yarerewe mu muryango w'ababyeyi barera Stevenson.
I Stockholm, astrid yamenyereye ibyo niyemerera gukiza lindgren. Nyuma y'ubukwe mu 1931, Lindgren afata umuhungu, na nyuma yimyaka 3 yibaruka umukobwa wa Karin. Niels yemeye Lars amuha izina rye. Abashakanye babayeho mubukwe bwiza bwimyaka 21.
Urupfu
Mu 1952, umugabo w'umwanditsi yarapfuye. Mu 1961, Mama ntiyabaye, kandi nyuma yimyaka 8 na Data. Tragique yagaragaye kuba astrid 1974: umuvandimwe n'incuti zubwana hasigaye iteka. Umusozi nyawo waguye ku mugore mu 1986, igihe umuhungu we yapfaga.
Lindgren yatekereje ku isanduku yo kwita ku zindi isi, ariko, bitandukanye n'ababyeyi b'Abaluteriya bizeraga mu bugingo bw'iteka, astrid yari umuterankunga wa Agnosticism. Astrid Lindgren yapfuye muri Mutarama 2002 afite imyaka - mu myaka 94.
Kwibuka
- Mu mwaka w'urwo rupfu rwa Astrid Lindgren, hashizeho amafaranga yo kwibuka umwanditsi uzwi mu rwego rwa miliyoni 5 za Kroons, buri mwaka guhera umwanditsi mwiza w'abana. Muri 2016, yashyikirijwe muri Meg Rosoff yo mu Bwongereza.
- Mu mpeshyi ya 2015, Banki ya Suwede yashyize ahagaragara urukurikirane rushya rw'imishinga y'amaroke 20, yerekana astrid lindgren.
- Abasumode bahinda umushyitsi barinda inzu i Stockholm, aho umwanditsi uzwi yapfuye afite imyaka 60. Amazu ndangamurage yari mu gihe cy'itumba cya 2015, igihe Suwede yizihije isabukuru yimyaka 108 ya Astrid Lindgren.
- Inzu Ndangamurage-Inzu Ndangamurage Yingohe, muri 1997 yerekanye Astrid Boris Yeltsin.
Bibliografiya
- 1945 - "Peppi Yama Yama Yama" Inkoko "
- 1946 - "Peppie aramanuka"
- 1948 - "Peppie mu gihugu cyishimye"
- 1946 - "Umuvuduko Wizwi Calledvist"
- 1951 - "Umupolisi uzwi cyane Calledvist ingaruka"
- 1953 - Calle Blumyvist na Rasmus
- 1947 - "Twese turi kuva kuri Bullelerby"
- 1949 - "Na none ku bana baturutse mu bikomere"
- 1955 - "Umwana na Carlson utuye ku gisenge"
- 1962 - "Carlson utuye ku gisenge, arongera arahaguruka"
- 1968 - "Carlson utuye ku gisenge, yanga yongera"
- 1963 - "Emil wo muri Lenneberg"
- 1966 - "New EmIlle Tracks kuva Lenneberg"
- 1954 - "Mio, Mio yanjye"
- 1981 - "ROni, Umukobwa wa Rozi"