Amateka y'inyuguti
Alexander Sergeevich fushkin ntabwo yishimiye gusa ibitabo byubwenge bwubuvanganzo mumirongo. Umwanditsi "Evgenia Onegin" yakundaga abantu bakuru n'abasomyi bato bize kuri Tsar Sartan, hafi y'icyatsi kibisi, gihegereye i Lukomarya, hafi ya nyirarume.
"Umugani wa Cockerel ya Zahabu", wasohotse mu 1835, wabaye akazi ka nyuma k'umusizi mu nzego zisa. Yahimbwe nintwari ya Pushkin yarahiye muri cinema n'imikino ya mudasobwa. Umwamikazi wa Shamakhan yabaye inkambi nziza yumuvugo, yibuka abasomyi bakoresheje ubwakiranyi no gutangara.
Amateka yo Kurema
Alexander Sergeevich yatangiye kwandika umugani wo ku byerekeye Tsar Papa na Shamakhan umwamikazi mu 1834, ariko abaturage babonye iki gikorwa cyo gusoma, "cyanditswe mu isomero ryo gusoma, ryasohotse muri St. Ibipimo bya Petersburg.
Hatabayeho ibyabaye, Alexandere Nikitenko akura cenker mu migani, intego za politiki n'imigambi ya nyuma ku mirimo, kimwe n'interuro: "Ubwami, aryamye ku ruhande. " Ibyerekeye ibi, Alexandreevich Sergeevich yandikaga cyane mu gitabo cye:
"Ibihe bya Krasovsky byagarutse. Nikitenko ni ibicucu borokova. "Birashimishije kubona ko iki kiremwa cyumusizi cyabaye urubanza rwonyine mugihe inyandiko yandikishijwe intoki itari ishingiye kuri epos, ahubwo ko ari inkomoko yubuvanganzo gusa. Alexander Sergeevich yahumetswe no gusetsa igitabo gisabe - gukundana kwa Washington Irving, yitwa "Umugani winyenyeri yabarabu". Ubu buvumburwa bwakozwe na Anna Akhmatova, wabwiye Inkomoko mu ngingo ye nto "inkuru yanyuma ya sushkin".
Umugambi, wahimbwe n'umwanditsi w'umunyamerika, uvuga ibya Moorish Sultan Abena, wari uhangayikishijwe no kubaho kw'abanzi. Uwiteka wa Granada ubwe yigeze gukora igitero kuri leta zitandukanye, none yatekereje ko yari kumva ibyago nk'ibyo, mbere ko yakorewe abandi bami.
Nyir'ikamba ryatuje. Umuhanga amaze kugera ku gikari. Umusaza amaze kumva ibirego bya Sultan, yabwiye Abena Abus ku mpfizi y'intama mu mpfizi y'intama yubaka igishushanyo msenzi - igishushanyo mbonera cy'uwayigenderaho gifite umwanzi, kandi Cockerel ashyikiriza an induru. Iyi guhangayika ntabwo yahindutse panacea, kuko ikibazo kibaho gitunguranye-Nigandino.
Alexander Sergeevich yafashe uyu mugambi nkishingiro rya "Cockerel ya zahabu" kandi rimwe na rimwe yongera ibirego byo kuba irvica, yatanze ibirego bye byoroheje, bikaba biremerewe nubuhanzi bukabije kandi bugaragaza amakuru arenze urugero. Nanone, ubuhanga bwo mu buvanganzo bwashyize amashusho ya Fantastic yo mu mivugo y'Abarusiya kugeza hagati mu kibanza maze aha abantu nyamukuru imico ku giti cyabo.
Ariko "umugani winyenyeri yabarabu" ntabwo ari isoko yonyine. Nk'uko abashakashatsi bavuga ko umusizi yishingikirije ku "nkuru y'isi ya zahabu" Friedrich Klinker, kandi kandi yahumekewe n'imirimo ya basInista ivan Krylov na Speeg Millov na Gravel Katrenina.
Nanone, abashakashatsi bashoboye kubona urufatiro rw'umugambi, wubatswe ku migenzo ya Corklore: inkuru yabitswe mu cyegeranyo Icyarabu "Igishinwa Akhbar Az-Bldan Vashe Zezaib al-Buldan." Mu nyandiko zandikishijwe intoki hari ibisobanuro bya Umupadiri witwa Barca, uzamuka ku ntebe yaka umuriro. Abantu basaba ubutabera baza kuri aba banyarwandakazi. Niba umuntu ari mwiza kandi avuga ukuri gusa, yagumye afite umutekano. Niba umushyitsi yabeshye, noneho motley yatwitse.
Dukurikije umugani, uyu mukecuru ni urumuri rwazanye igishusho cyuzuye impfizi y'intama ivuye ibuye ritukura. Kandi hejuru y'indambi yashyiraga inkoni hamwe n'umusatsi w'umuringa: Igihe ibihugu bya Egiputa byegereye isi, inyoni, ikozwe mu cyuma, aririmba.
Bavuga ko imico nyamukuru yumugani - umwamikazi wa Shamakhan wari prototype nyayo. Igitekerezo nk'iki cyashyizwe imbere na Anna Akhmatova. Nk'uko poetess abitangaza ngo uwo bashakanye ba mbere witwa Ivan heroine yashoboraga kuba uwo mwashakanye wa kabiri, wanyuze hamwe n'umwami, kugira ngo akomeze umubano w'Uburusiya hamwe na Leta ya Caucase. By the way, uyu mugore avuga ingaruka mbi kubwami. Ukurikije umugani, niwe watanze igitekerezo cyo gukora oprichnin.
Ubuzima n'umugambi
Birashoboka ko umudamu yavuye mu gihugu cy'iburasirazuba kugera i Shirvan, ukomoka mu mujyi wa Shamahi, ubaho mu karere ka Azaribayijan kugeza ubu. Aha hantu ni km 122 iburengerazuba bwa Baku. Ubwiza bw'iburasirazuba bugaragara mu migani bidatinze, ariko bigira uruhare rw'ibanze, nubwo inkomoko y'umwamikazi Alexander Sergeevich yahisemo kwihisha amaso yo guhisha amaso ya pring.
Umugani wa Fabul Fabul ntaho utandukaniye nuwo Irving yazanye. Igihe Umwami Danon yahisemo kwihutira gusaza mu manza z'umuzi, abanzi batangiye kwibasirwa mu bihugu bye, kuko bitarinze cyane, kuko yari yigize mu bihugu bituranye.
Ikibabaje ni ikiyiko cyababaje, "inyenyeri n'ikimwaro", cyatanze igitekerezo cy'abarwaye "igitangaza" - isakeri ya zahabu ku rushibe. Iyi nyoni y'agaciro izamenyesha umwami mu gihe akaga kegeranye. Indwara ya papa mubisubizwa yasezeranije sage ibyo ashaka byose.
Nyuma yimyaka ibiri yubuzima bwamahoro, isake yatanze ikimenyetso giteye ubwoba, abwira iburasirazuba. Umwami w'umunebwe yohereje ku nkombe z'umuhungu w'imfura, hanyuma muto, ibikoresho by'urubyiruko n'ingabo. Ariko nta makuru amwe yari yabayeho. Umusaza ubwe ajyana n'ingabo mu burasirazuba. Mu nzira ye, umwami abona ihema, hafi y'abarwanyi bapfuye na Tsarevichi bararyamye, batobora inkota.
Igihe Umugezi wa Stakhan warekuwe mu ihema ry'imyambarire y'igihugu, Monarick Mig yibagiriye ibijyanye no kubabera umusozi, kuko uyu mugore yari afite ubwiza bwiza n'amaso atagira epfo. Papaon yatsinzwe no kureshya, nuko ajya iwe mu rugo, aho nagerageje mu mahanga. Rero, umwami icyumweru cyose yashushanyije umuntu utazi ava mu murambo w'umukara, yibagiwe ibijyanye n'ibibazo bya Leta.
Nyuma y'ikiruhuko cy'inda, Damu, hamwe n'umwamikazi, basubiye mu byo yari atunze. Umunyabwenge yibukije umwami uko atekereza kandi asaba ko ari umwamikazi wa Shamakhan. Umuyobozi wasezeranyije nk'inyamu y'impano iyo ari yo yose, ariko ntiyashakaga guha umukobwa, cyane ko adashaka kubiha ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose.
Umusaza yakomeje gutsimbarara, maze Dalemoni arakaye yica ubwenge n'inkoni ye. Ariko ako kanya yishyura iki gikorwa cye: Cockerel ya zahabu yamanutse ava ku nshinge maze itera imisumari ku mutegetsi utazi. Umwami yarapfuye, umwamikazi wa Shamakhan ahisha Ravis.
Gukingira no gushiraho
"Umugani wa Perushka wa Zahabu" ntabwo uzwi cyane mu nganda za firime. Ariko sitiyo ya animated yahawe ikarito yitegereza urukiko hamwe nubutegetsi bwa muzika.
Birazwi ko Umunyamakuru w'Uburusiya Nikolai Rimsky-Korsoakov, arema opera y'amasaha abiri, yerekeje ibitekerezo ku mugani wa nyuma wa Sergeyevich. Libretto yanditse Vladimir Belsky, kandi inyandiko muri Opera yakijijwe hamwe no guhindura bike. Ariko uwahimbye yazanye inyongeramuke zitabonetse muburyo bwumwimerere. Kurugero, inyuguti ebyiri nshya zagaragaye: Guverineri nurufunguzo. Mu cyiciro cya mbere mu mwamikazi wa Shamakhan, Aurelia-Celicia Dobrovolskaya, maze muri premiere yakoraga muri 6 Ugushyingo 1909, ishusho ya Antonina Nezomen.
Mu 1967, Studio ya Soyuzmulm yerekanaga inkuru yashushanyijeho intoki ishingiye ku migani ya Puchkin. Inshingano nyamukuru zagiye ku bakinnyi bakomeye, Lyerge Vicin, Maria Vinogradova n'izindi nyenyeri zo muri Skimandografiya.
Kaseti y'amabara yakunze abumva, ariko ibyanditswe byanditswe na Vladimir Vladimirov rwose ntibihuye numwimerere: Ubwanditsi bwafashe inkuru yumugambi, ariko na Opera. Birakwiye kuvuga ko ibisobanuro byiyi cartoon byanditswe muburyo burambuye, kandi ntabwo yitwikiriye, nkumusuka, kuko umwamikazi agira ati:
"Menya, DOON, ko ndi umukobwa,Shashhanskaya umwamikazi.
Ndimo gukora inzira, uburyo bwo kubona
Inyuma yawe yose. "
Muri 2010, studio "urusyo" yasohoye uburebure bwuzuye 2d-cartoon "intwari eshatu na Shamakhan Umwamikazi". Ibihe byafashwe nkishingiro ryintwari, ariko bahimbye stroke yambere yinshyi.
Uyu mugambi ubwira umwamikazi wa Shamakhan, wifuza gusubira mubwiza bwahoze, rero ndashaka isoko yubusore bw'iteka. Biragaragara ko Panacea ari: Ugomba kwegeranya amarira yubusa kandi ubasukeho igiti cyubumaji. Ariko, ubwiza bwa Tsarina ntabwo bwakundaga, ntabwo rero mubwami bwe. Noneho umukecuru w'ikirere yifuzaga kurongora Kiev igikomangoma cya Kiev. Umwami yasinyutse ku ifoto y'intwari, ariko ntazi ko umugore w'ubusaza yihishe munsi ya align.
Uruhare rwavuzwe na Geller Anna, Sergey Makovetsky, Dmitry bykovsky, Dysotsky, Dysotsky n'abandi bakinnyi.
Ibintu bishimishije
- Mu filime y'umwaka mushya "Abapfumu", aho Alexander Yakovleva yakinnye, Alexander Abdulov, Ekander Abdulov, Ekanderna Vasileva na Valentin Vaft, umwe muri heroine ni izina rya Shemkhanskaya.
- Abakenguzamateka bemeje ko Umwami Damu ari umwe mu nshingano nziza za Alexey Gribova.
- Roman Korshikogh nanone barwaye kugenzura, kugabanya libretto. Uwahimbye yasabye ko muri sala yagaragajwe, ibitabo bifite inyandiko yuzuye. Kubwamahirwe, Nikolai Andreevich ntabwo yigeze abona uyu musaruro.