I-Biograge
USergeant Rosa Shanin wayengumSniper waseSoviet oyedwa owazibophezela inqwaba yama-feats phakathi neMpi Yezwe II. Owesifazane osemusha wathathwa njengenkosi edubula ngokushukumisa imigomo, eyamlethela inkazimulo yaphakade ye-National Hero yezwe.Ubuntwana nentsha
I-biography kaRosa egorovna Shanina yaqala esifundazweni saseVerologda, ngo-Ephreli 3, 1924, intombazane yazalwa. Umndeni lapho kwakukhona khona umkhulu we-NATHIAL yeNavy yoLwandle Olumnyama, kwelinye lamadolobhana amancane babenegunya elikhulu.
Lapho uhlanganisa umhlaba nokwakha umhlangano weBogdanovsk, ubaba weqhawe elizayo waba yisihlalo. Umama wasebenza njengezifebe futhi wanakekela izingane eziningi, kanye nendlu ebanzi enamawindi, lapho ukuthula kwabusa khona nokuthula.
Ngaphezu kwe-rose, igama elithi ukuhlonipha izinguquko ezivelele zaseJalimane, abazali bakhulisa igazi eziyisithupha kanye nezingane ezintathu zokutholwa. Ngokuya ngedayari, izinkumbulo kanye nemidwebo egciniwe yamaphephandaba, izazi-mlando zibuyisela ngokucophelela izehlakalo zezinsuku ezikude.
Kwavela ukuthi uShanin wafunda esikoleni samabanga aphansi e-Edeni, wabe esedlulisela esikhungweni semfundo evamile sedolobhana eliseduze laseBereznik. Nsuku zonke, le ntombazane enabafowethu inqoba amakhilomitha ayishumi nambili eceleni komgwaqo, ama-wangler wendawo agobhoza esikhathini esedlule.
Maphakathi no-1938, ngemuva kokuphela kwebanga lesi-7, uRosa wangena e-pedassol, ngokungafani nentando kamama noyise. Umfundi waya e-Arkhangelsk wahlala endlini yomfowabo, wabe esezinza ehostela lesampula langaphambi kwempi.
Ngasikhathi sinye, isifundazwe sesifundazwe saseVerologda saba yilungu le-komsomol futhi sibonga umlingiswa ovulekile, abangane ababolile nabangane. Intsha yaya kumabhayisikobho ngesikhathi sayo samahhala futhi ayizange icabange ngendlela yezinsuku ezibulalayo.
Ekuqaleni kwempi, uVochechili waqala ukuthatha imali enkulumweni, futhi uShanin waya emsebenzini njengothisha enkulisa. Uthando lwamawadi amancane nokuhlonipha abazali babo ngothisha we-novice waba yimiklomelo engcono kakhulu.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Impi, eyaqala ngo-June 22, 1941, ivimbele insiza yempilo yabantu besigidi sabantu baseSoviet. URose, uqeda isikole, esikhundleni sokuhamba ngosuku, wahlala ezincwadini ebusuku, kwathi ntambama waletha izingane.Ku-dayari, i-sniper yabhala ngothando lweMikhail Panarin, eyashona, evikela amadolobhana aseRussia namadolobha. Lapho-ke imigqa yaseNicolae yavela emakhasini ezikhumbuzo, ezingazange ziphule ukwakheka kwendoda, eyaphula imvelo.
UShanina, owayephupha injabulo ngesikhathi sendawo yonke, wayekholelwa ukuthi akusekho isikhathi sokucabanga ngokwakha umndeni. Ngemuva kokunqoba ngokunqoba, wayefuna ukuqhubeka nokufunda ukwenza kahle izingane eziyizintandane.
Isenzo
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1942, kwaqala ukulungiswa kwabesifazane besifazane, kwathi i-rose, edlula eRussia, yafika e-Arkhangelsk Commissariat. Obomdabu bokudla kwakunqunywe esikoleni esikhethekile, lapho ajoyina khona isigaba samasosha amancane.
Intombazane enomlingiswa ovulekile engokobuzwe ebusweni bamaRussia, izinyanga ezimbalwa zokufunda, baqala abangani abathembekile. Ofunda nabo eCarreliya Petrova kanye no-Alexander Evdokimov bahlala eduze kukaShanina kuze kube izinsuku zokugcina.
Esikoleni se-sniper, uRosa wakhombisa inqubekela phambili evelele, kodwa esikhundleni sokuba ngumfundisi, waya empini. Ngokujoyina iqembu lesigaba sesibhamu se-338, le ntombazane yavikela izwe lakubo yonke amandla awo.
Entwasahlobo yango-1944, ngesikhathi seBelarusian Operation Shanin, ngokwemibiko, kwavula izindleko zokubulawa kwezitha. Owangaphambili ophothula iziqu ze-pedecution, echaza imizwa yakhe, washo ukuthuthumela nokubanda, okwasondela ezandleni nasemilenzeni.
Ngemuva kweRosa, uRosa e-EGOROVNA waba yi-sniper ebalwa enegazi elibandayo, akwazi ukuzola ngaphansi komlilo we-squell artillery. Ukubolekisa impilo yamasosha ezitha, abaqeqeshi boMfeli Wezibhamu bakhombisa izimangaliso zobuqhawe, bangene empini usuku nosuku.
Ngo-Ephreli 1944, umyalo wodumo nesihloko se-Efreitor yamabutho ahlomile wathola ukubamba iqhaza ezimpini eziseduzane naseSmolensk Shanin. Ngalesi sikhathi, wabhubhisa abahlaseli abangu-18 baseJalimane futhi waba ngumkhuzi womnyango, wonke umuntu owayethandwa.
Ekukhishweni kwephephandaba lezempi elinikezelwe ngaphambili kweBelarusian Front, isithombe saseShanina sabonakala kanye nendatshana ye-biographic. Abaphathi, izintombi kanye nabangaphansi ababengaphansi babeseduzane baziwa ukuthi i-rose iqhawe langempela leSoviet.
Kamuva, ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okukhulu okuhlaselayo, igatsha lokuhlwitha layala nge-infantry ukuze lihambele e-arijorg. Kodwa-ke, le ntombazane yayihlala ifuna ukufika empini, yajoyina ama-Scouts, yashiya ukuqunjelwa kwayo.
Ezincwadini ezibhaliwe ezinikezelwe ekuxhashazwe kwabesifazane baseSoviet, babhala ukuthi lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yiphindwe kaShanina kwakungukuvuma okuthandayo. Ukudutshulwa okuningana okuvela esigangeni esenziwe ngokuphefumula okukodwa kwabhekwa njengekhono level ephezulu kakhulu ngaphezulu kweminyaka emide.
Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zezempi encwadini ye-sniper of roses, e-EGOROVNA, inani lama-fascist abulewe avezwa ngenombolo enamadijithi amabili. Impumelelo yamantombazane aneminyaka engu-20 ubudala yaphawulwa ubuholi, owanikezwa isithonjana esikhethekile sokuhlonipha.
Hlukanisa ipultoon yabesifazane ababambe iqhaza ekusebenzeni okuningi, njengokuqedwa kwamaJalimane ngaphansi kweVitebsk kanye nempi egcwele eLithuania. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uShanin wahlonishwa ngokuhleleka kwenkazimulo II ngokuzinikela nesibindi, kwabonisa empini.
NgoSeptemba 1944, uRosa wayese-East Prussia, izitha ezintsha ezingama-26 ezazisephepheni elilandelayo le-Premium. Ngesibindi esikhonjiswe ekulweni nabadlali bezitha zomshini we-Enemy - "Cuckots", kamuva bakhumbula uLieutenant Colonel-General Nikolai Ivanovich Krylov Krylov.
Ngenxa yenzondo yamaNazis Shanin, wacela ukuba angaphambili futhi ekugcineni wathola indondo "ngesibindi" kanye nemiyalo yokuhlonipha. Ngemuva kokulimala okuncane empini emaphethelweni eSchlosssenberg, uRosa wangeniswa esibhedlela futhi wahunyushwa ngokwendawo.
Ukushona
NgoJanuwari 1945, iBattalion, lapho kwasebenza khona uRosa, endaweni yedolobha lasePrussian eRyakhau lenze izimpi ezinkulu. Encwadini eya ezweni lakubo, kusho ukuthi, kungenzeka kakhulu, wayezokufa, ngoba amabutho aseRussia kwakuyizinsuku ezinzima kakhulu.Ngemuva kweviki ngemuva kokuthumela izindaba zokugcina ezivela ngaphambili kweShanin, zimboze umkhuzi, zithole inxeba eliqhelelene esifubeni. Esibhedlela, ukufa kwashiwo ngenxa yegazi, ekunqobeni okunemibandela ngeGermany, kwahlala kancane.
Igatsha laseSergeant Sniper lingcwatshwe ethuneni eliningi kanye namanye amaqhawe empi enkulu yokuthanda izwe. Ngokweminye imibiko, izinsalela zamaroses zathuthela edolobhaneni laseZamensk, igama lakhe lalithunyelwa emabulalweni ngenxa yezizukulwane zezwe elikhululiwe.
Ukukhumbula
Ukuxhashazwa kukaRosa Shanina kwathola indawo ezincwadini, umbhali we-Ilya ehrense wanikezelwa kuye. Ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, le ntombazane ayizange inake impendulo ye-loudatory, ithwala ngokweqiniso ilwa neqembu lezintombi ezinesibindi.
Ezinsukwini zokukhumbula amaqhawe afile, amafilimu wezobuciko, izincwadi zobuntatheli namaqoqo ezinkondlo ezinamakhambi kwavela. Amagama kaShanina aqanjwe amagama emigwaqo e-Arkhangelsk nasendaweni ezungezile, wabuye wanikela ekuncintisaneni phakathi kwabacibishelayo abaqeqeshiwe.
Endaweni yokufa ngaphansi kukaKaliningrad, kwasungulwa i-plaque yesikhumbuzo, futhi esikoleni, lapho kwavalwa khona uRosa, kwavulwa umnyuziyamu wamasosha. Emibikweni evela kumjikelezo "izinganekwane zebutho", bayitshela le ndaba ye-sniper, ekhumbuza ukuxhaphaza kwentombazane ezigidini zabantu baseRussia.