I-Biograge
Ngaphezu kwethalente lemvelo, umculi we-opera u-Ivan Kozlovsky wahlukanisa isimilo sakhe esijabulisayo nobulukhuni. Umculi wayevame ukubhekisisa ozakwabo, wasiza abangane abaye bangena enkingeni futhi benza isenzo sobuhlanya sabathandekayo. Isibonelo, ukuhlaba umxhwele unkosikazi wesibili, uKozlovsky wakhuphuka esitezi sesibili sepayipi lokudonsa. Kepha ngaphandle kwe-antimony ethe xaxa, umculi omuhle ngokubheka okukodwa noma ukwenziwa kwenothi elilodwa, abesifazane baphuthelwa.Ubuntwana nentsha
NgoMashi 24, 1900, kwazalelwa umfana edolobhaneni laseMaryanovka, endaweni yesifundazwe saseKieli, oshade naye kaKozlovsky obizwa ngokuthi u-Ivan. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, ingane yakhula yazungezwa ngumculo. Bobabili abazali baka-Ivan, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi babengabalimi abalula, bezwa izindlebe zomculo. UKozlovsky uvame ukuchitha kusihlwa ngokuhlabelela okuhlangene.
Eminyakeni engu-7, ingane yanikezwa izindela zeMikhailovsky. Abalingani be-Kozlovsky abacabangi ngomculo ofanelekile futhi bagcizelela ukuthi u-Ivan wathola umpristi weSan. Kodwa-ke, umculi wesikhathi esizayo we-Opera uqobo nothisha womfana akazange abelane ngombono wabazali.
Ukuphelelwa yisigodlo sezinsuku zokubhonga, u-Ivan wachitha izinyanga eziningana ezweni, imali yezimayini ngokuhlabelela. Ukufinyelela i-Kiev Music neDrama Institute, osemusha wangena esikhungweni semfundo. Ikomidi lokwamukelwa labonga idatha yokuzalwa kwe-kozlovsky futhi yabhalisa u-Ivan ngemuva komzuliswano wokuqala.
Umculo
Ngo-1918, umculi uqala ukuba abe sendaweni yobuchwepheshe. Le nsizwa isebenza njengengxenye yePoltava Music Music-Drama Theatre, kuze kube yilapho umculi ubizelwe ebuthweni. Kodwa-ke, ukunxusa kukaColonel Chernyshev kwavumela iThalente elincane ukuba liqhubeke nezinkulumo ngisho nangesikhathi sempi.
Ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwenkonzo yeKozlovsky, iwela endlini ye-Kharkov Opera, futhi ngonyaka iqhubekela endlini ye-Sverdlovsk Opera. A. V. LunacArsky. Ngo-1926, ithalente lomculi lazisa abaholi be-Bolshoi Theatre - UKozlovsky bathuthela eMoscow nasekuphumeni kokuqala endaweni yesigameko inqoba uthando lomphakathi.
Ukusebenza kwenkanyezi yangempela yoMlingisi osemusha kwaba yi-whisk ye-whisk e-Opera Boris GodInov. Ngo-1927, uKozlovsky uvela phambi kwezithameli esithombeni sikaLensky (opera "Eugene Oneginal") futhi uthola ukubuyekezwa okudunyiswa kusuka kuma-shalyapin, kanye nabanye ozakwabo abadumile.
Ngo-1936, i-repertore Ivan iyanda. Ngaphezu kwe-Opera Aria, umdwebi uqala ukucula izingoma ze-jazz ezibhalwe ngokuqondile kuye. Maduze nje ukusebenza kwamaqembu e-solo kuncipha ukwanelisa umculi. Ngo-1938, uKozlovsky uhlela futhi uthatha ubuholi bombuso wokugqila kwe-USSR Opera.
Umsebenzi wokudala onjalo udonsela ukunaka kwabamele uhulumeni, kwathi ngo-1941, abahlabeleli be-Opera banikezwa i-premium ye-stalinist ye-degree yokuqala. Naphezu kokwenza umholi, iKozlovsky ayivumeli ukuthi iqhubeke nohambo lwangaphandle. Le ndoda ayikaze idedelwe eSoviet Union, okuhlukile kwakuwuhambo olufushane lokuya eRomania.
Ukuqiniseka ukuthi umculo uyakwazi ukuphulukisa futhi ukhulise umoya, useye waba yisisusa seKozlovsky eminyakeni yempi. Umculi onozakwabo unikeza amakhonsathi phambi kwabahlali bezempi nezakhamizi ezijwayelekile, bavakashela amadolobha akhululiwe. Ngo-1944, uKozlovsky udala ikwaya yabafana, abazokhulisa ngokuzayo esikoleni sakwaKhoya saseSveshnikov.
Isishayeli esishiwo sasisize umculi ahlele umsebenzi wekwaya, nangemva kokuthatha indima yekhanda. Ngemuva kwempi, u-Ivan Semenovich uzorekhoda ukwakheka okuhlangene nekwaya kwezazi zezingane - ukubulawa kwezothando "kuya kithi, kusihlwa buthule."
Ukubambisana kwe-Ivan Semenovich ngenkundla yemidlalo yaseshashalazini kuyaqhubeka kuze kube ngu-1954. Izizathu zokunakekelwa komculi nomsebenzi wakhe othandekayo azikaziwa, uKozlovsky akazange achaze isinqumo ngisho nokuvala abantu.
Kodwa-ke, ukuxoshwa okuvela emidlalweni yaseshashalazini akuzange kusho ukuqedwa komsebenzi. Manje emsebenzini weKozlovsky kwavela ezothando ezengeziwe. Kwakungu-Ivan Sergeevich owathola amanothi futhi wadumisa ukwakheka "ngahlangana nawe ...". Phakathi kwezithandani zeKozlovskk ezikhazinyulisiwe, ngiyakhumbula "ngikhumbula umzuzu omuhle", "" Ungangilingisa ngaphandle kwesidingo "kanye" nokukhala kusihlwa ".
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngonkosikazi wokuqala u-Alexandra Gersik Kozlovsky wahlangana ebusika bango-1919. Umculi osemusha wasebenza ePoltava. Le nsizwa yahlangana nomlingani wesikhathi esizayo enkundleni yemidlalo yeshashalazi, lapho intombazane yabamba khona isikhundla sokuba ngumlingisi oholayo. U-Alexandra wayesemdala kuno-Ivan iminyaka engu-13, kodwa awuzange umyeke umculi.
Ngo-1920, abathandi bashada futhi bathuthele kancane eMoscow. Futhi ngenkathi uKozlovsky efika ama-vertices amasha, umsebenzi ka-Alexandra kancane waya ku-cha. Owesifazane ushiya izifiso eceleni, waqala umnotho nokuphila. Umshado wathatha iminyaka engama-25, iminyaka emithathu edlule yayinenkosikazi. I-Charter kusuka ezithobeni zomyeni wakhe, u-Alexandra Sama ngokwayo wafaka isehlukaniso.
Umlingani wesibili womculi we-opera waba umlingisi we-Galina Sergeeva. UKozlovsky wahlangana nobuhle obusha ngo-1934 eCrimea, lapho aphumula khona njalo ehlobo. Kule nyunyana, u-Ivan waphenduka umlingani omkhulu, umlingisi wayengumculi osemncane iminyaka eyi-14.
Izingane ezimbili zazalwa emshadweni, amantombazane abizwa ngokuthi anna no-anastasia. Ngokuqala kwendodakazi yesibili ebudlelwaneni phakathi kwabashadikazi, nangaphambi kokuxabana okuphelele kanye namahlazo, kwaqala izinkinga. Intombazane yayine-congenital scoliosis. Futhi kungekudala ngemuva kokuhlinzwa okunzima, okwabanjwa udokotela odumile waseChaklin, umlingisi waphonsa umngane wakhe womshado. UGalina waya kudokotela wendodakazi. Ngemuva kwesehlukaniso sesibili, uKozlovsky akasaqali ubuhlobo obungathi sína nabesifazane.
Ukushona
Izwi elingasondelana nezwi ligcina ukufa. Kuliqiniso, umculi akazange aye endaweni ethile yeminyaka edlule. Naphezu kweminyaka yobudala, u-Ivan Semenovich wanaka usuku.Ukuze ungalahlekelwa ukubamba, umculi wadala uhlaka lwemikhiqizo yomculo emisha. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba kufe uKozlovsky wabamba umlilo ngesifiso sokubeka "intombi yeqhwa".
Le ndoda yazibona isesithombeni sanoma yimuphi umlingiswa omuhle, nendima enkulu, emcabangweni womculi, kwakuwukubulala uGalina Vishnevskaya. Ukugoqa futhi kwahlala esigabeni sokuthuthuka - umculi akakwazanga ukuthola umxhasi.
Umabi wefa we-Opeker kanye nezothando ushonelwe ngoDisemba 21, 1993. Ithuna lomculi odumile litholakala emathuneni eNovodevichy.
Izikhali ezingupende
- 1926 - "Traviata"
- Ngo-1927 - "Boris GodInov"
- Ngo-1927 - "I-Loangrin"
- Ngo-1928 - "Faust"
- 1928 - Sadoko
- 1931 - "Seville Berber"
- Ngo-1938 - "URuslan noLyudmila"
- Ngo-1938 - "Intombi yeqhwa"
- 1941 - "DEMON"
- Ngo-1962 - "UMozart noSalieri"