Biography
I-American Robert irwin ye-Howard yayidume njengomntu osebenza kwizinto ezinobuchule, orhuqa kunye nomcuphi. Weza negorha likaConbara waza wenza umjikelo malunga nexesha le-hayborsky, njengoko kungqinwa yifilimu ebizwa ngokuba "liLizwe liphela".Ubuntwana noLutsha
URobert Irwin wazalwa ngoJanuwari 22, 1906 kwintsapho yoGqirha kunye nomhambi owayehlala eTexas. Ubuntwana bonyana bugqithile kwizixeko zaseMelika nakwiiRanch, kwaye iimpembelelo zeli xesha kamva zangena kwibali elibhaliweyo.
Abazali bombhali wexesha elizayo babengabantu abafunda kwaye bafunda, kodwa ngenxa yotyalo-mali abaxhamlayo ababengenamali ebomini. Ukuthumela unyana esikolweni, bakukhathalela isifo sephepha esigulayo kwaye kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba kubekho ukuphikisana.
Imeko enzima yemali ichaphazele ubudlelwane phakathi kwamanyano, kwaye umama we-Nota ovela ngokuthe ngcembe waqalisa ukumthiya uyise. Umntwana wayesoloko ebone impikiswano kunye neengxabano kwaye kubudala aqonda ukuba umhlaba ugcwele ubundlobongela nobubi.
Iimvakalelo ezingalunganga kunye namava afihlakeleyo zichaphazele izifundo zabo, kunye nombhali wexesha elizayo ukuze kuthintelwe ukohlwaywa ukuba afune ukuphuma kwiindonga zesikolo. Wabalekela iifama kunye nophuhliso lweoyile, ukungena ekulweni nabanye abantwana abakwishumi elivisayo, ngoko ke ukonzakala, ukonyuka nokunyuka kwezinto zongezwa kuluhlu lweengxaki zosapho.
Umnqweno wokulwa naboni basebenza benza iindidi, kwaye, bazamile iqela lamacandelo, wayewuthanda umzabalazo kunye nomdlalo wamanqindi. Uqeqesho kunye nokujonga umdlalo ngokuthatha inxaxheba kweJack Johnson kunye ne-fizzimmons ezinceda ngamandla ukusombulula nawuphi na umbuzo.
Ngeentsuku, izitrato zakhululeka esitratweni, umntwana okwishumi elivisayo wabafundela iincwadi, kwaye kungekudala abazali bafumana italente yakhe yoncwadi. Ebutsheni be-1915, waqala wabhala amabali amnandi kwaye akazange aphume endlwini ixesha elide, ngokungathi i-hermit okanye imboniselo.
Kwimimandla yeMisebenzi yokuqala, umlo wamagazi phakathi kweeVikings, ama-Arabhu nabameli bezinye izizwe eziyinyani zazifunwa. Ke, phantsi kwempembelelo kaJack London, iRobert irwin yaqala ukubhala malunga nokuvela ngokutsha, kunye nezithethe ezikhoyo ezaziwa ukusukela kumaxesha amandulo.
Ubomi Buqu
Kubomi bobuqu kaRobert Irwin kwibhinqa kuphela eyapapasha iincwadi zayo phantsi kwegama lexabiso le-Novalin. Abathandi babecinga ngomtshato, kodwa baphosa oko kwaye bahlukane. Eli bali lichazwe kwimemoiners sele ingabasses.Iincwadi
Ngo-1924, uHoward waqala umsebenzi wobungcali, ethengisa i-SORY FAY 'MINI "NE-KLYK". Emva koko waqalisa ukusebenza kwinoveli, ebonisa ukubalono lobomi bakhe, kodwa akazange agqibe kwelokuba apapashe umsebenzi aze afihle uyilo.
Ukulungiselela ukuhlawula iindleko zokuyila, iRobert Irwin yasebenza kwiphephandaba leSixeko, emva koko yayingumabhalana kwiPosi kunye nomncedisi wabaLamemeleki kwenye iofisi. I-gosciccal kunye ne-poitac mineres yenziwa ngeli xesha izaliswe yimifanekiso enye kwaye yayine-halo engaziwayo.
Ngo-1926, iintsomi ezingeyongoyiki zathengela ibali likaHoward, owashicilelwa ngoko nangoko njengo "Bukumkanini Wemithunzi". Yayingumsebenzi wokuqala kuhlobo lwentsomi yokulwa, egweba ifoto evela kumatshini, umbhali wayethanda kude kube sekupheleni kwemihla ngemihla.
I-King Call, eyandulelayo yangaphambili yeConvara kunye namanye amagorha, yayithandwa ngabafundi baseMelika ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi zenjongo. Umbhali oselula wenza ukuqhubela okupapashwe njenge "zibuko Tusong Tuna", emva koko wafudukela kuluhlu olunikelwe kukusetyenziswa kwamanye amadoda.
Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1928, i-bibliografini yombhali igqityiwe imisebenzi, apho uSolomon uSolomon uKane wayesekusekweni kweyelenqe lokuqala. OKUQALA KOKUQALA kulo Mjikelo waba yinto eyoyikisayo yembali ye "yenyanga", "iinduli zokufa" kunye "nombala wemithunzi yegazi".
Ngokuthe ngcembe bafumana ubunyani, iRobert irwin ithengise isebenza kwi-Pul Pogric Stats Aggas, ilungu lesitrato kunye nendlu yokupapasha iSmith. Apho, waqala wazisa umhlaba kwincwadi yamabali malunga neebhokisi zeebhokisi, kunye neentloko kunye neempawu ezivela kwinoveli ye-bite. "
Ngo-1930, uHoward waba lilungu lesangqa se-verecraft kunye nesitayile soyike, wamkhulula ibali "emva komlambo omnyama." Kwaye emva koko wacinga ukuba izibakala ezinda ezinomdla ziphele, abafundi kunye nabagxeki bafuna iqhawe elitsha.
Kwakunjalo nomjikelo wento yendalo, nomlingo, apho i-conan ibizwa ngokuba yi-Sonsters nakubantu. Uya kuzalelwa "kwaye" isithunzi esimnyama "," isithunzi esimnyama ".
Ukufa
Ngehlobo lowe-1936, u-Howard wangena edanile kunye noxinzelelo ngenxa yesifo sikamama esinganyangekiyo, esamthandayo. Xa umfazi wawa kuye, umpu entlokweni yakhe yayingunobangela wokufa kwakhe, kuba kwakungekho mnqweno okanye amandla okuphila.I-Bibliography
Umjikelo "uSolomon wekane"
- Ngo-1928 - "phantsi kwesigqubuthelo semithunzi yegazi"
- Ngo-1929 - "I-SUGLS EZINIKEZELELWEYO"
- Ngo-1930 - "Inyanga yokufa"
- 1932 - "Amaphiko ebusuku"
Ipholile
- Ngo-1929 - "Ubukumkani Wemithunzi '
- Ngo-1929 - "isipili tuzong tuna"
Umjikelo "I-coan"
- Ngo-1933 - "Alay citadel"
- 1933 - "Elephant tower"
- Ngo-1933 - "I-Colossus emnyama"
- Ngo-1933 - "Sithunzi seCoble"
- Ngo-1934 - "abantu besangqa esimnyama"
- Ngo-1935 - "Kumlambo omnyama"
- Ngo-1935 - "Izithunzi zeLebhu?
- Ngo-1935 - "i-dragon iyure"
- Ngo-1936 - "izipikili ezinemitya ebomvu"