Ubuzima
Umunyamerika Robert Irin Howard yamenyekanye nkumubare wubuvanganzo wakoraga muburyo bwa fantasy, ubwoba kandi buteye ubwoba. Yazanye intwari ya Conan Barbara kandi arema uruziga rujyanye n'ibiryo bya Haybypani, nkuko bigaragazwa na film-biografiya yitwa "Isi nini".Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Robert Irwin Howard yavutse ku ya 22 Mutarama 1906 mu muryango wa muganga wo mu cyaro akaba n'umugenzi wabayeho muri Texas. Ubwana bw'umuhungu bwaramutse mu mijyi yo muri Amerika n'ubworozi, kandi ibyo bitekerezo by'iki gihe byinjiye mu nkuru y'ubuvanganzo.
Ababyeyi b'umwanditsi w'ejo hazaza bari abantu basoma kandi bigishijwe, ariko kubera ishoramari rikabije babuze amafaranga y'ubuzima. Kohereza umuhungu ku ishuri, bitaye ku gituntu urwaye kandi bishoboka cyane ko hapfa urupfu.
Ibihe byatoroshye byagize ingaruka ku mibanire y'abantu, naho nyina w'inkomoko y'ibinyabuzima atangira buhoro buhoro yanga se. Umwana yahoraga yiboneye guhangana n'amakimbirane kandi akiri muto yasanze isi yuzuye urugomo n'ibibi.
Amarangamutima mabi kandi uburambe bwibanga bwagize ingaruka ku myigire yabo, n'umwanditsi w'ejo hazaza kugira ngo yirinde ibihano yashakaga kuva mu rukuta rw'ishuri. Yinjiye mu mirima n'amajyambere y'amavuta, yinjira mu mirwano hamwe n'abandi bangavu, ibikomere, ibikomere no kwerekanwa kurutonde rwibibazo byumuryango.
Icyifuzo cyo kurwanya abakoze ibyaha cyakozwe howard gukora ibintu bitandukanye, kandi, bimaze kugerageza ibice byinshi, yakundaga urugamba n'ibiterane. Amahugurwa no kureba imikino uruhare rwa Jack Johnson na Bob Fizzimmons byafashaga imbaraga zo gukemura ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose.
Ku minsi, umuhanda utagira umutuku, umwangavu usoma umururumbanyi, kandi bidatinze ababyeyi n'abarimu bavumbuye impano ye y'ubuvanganzo. Mu ntangiriro za 1915, yatangiye kwandika inkuru nziza kandi ntiyigeze asohoka mu rugo igihe kirekire, nkaho Hermit cyangwa intera.
Mu mashusho y'imirimo hakiri kare, intambara yamaraso hagati ya Vikings, abarabu n'abahagarariye indi miryango y'abihimbano. Hanyuma, bayobowe na Jack London, Robert Irwin yatangiye kwandika ibijyanye no kuvuka ubwa kabiri, ndetse n'imigenzo y'imihango izwi kuva kera.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu buzima bwa Robert Irwin bitabiriye umugore wenyine wasohoye ibitabo bye ku izina rya mwarimu Novaalin. Abakundana batekerezaga kurushinga, ariko barabuze akanya baratandukana. Iyi nkuru yasobanuwe mubyifuzo byabaye imbaga.Ibitabo
Mu 1924, Howard yatangiye umwuga wabigize umwuga, kugurisha imigani ihebuje "icumu na klyuk". Hanyuma atangira gukora igitabo, yerekana ibihe byakurikiranye n'ubuzima bwe, ariko ntiyigeze ahitamo gutangaza akazi no guhisha umushinga.
Kugira ngo ashobore gupfukirana ikiguzi cyo guhanga, yakoraga mu kinyamakuru cyo mu mujyi, hanyuma yari umwanditsi mu biro by'iposita n'umufasha wa Alemer muri kimwe mu biro. Ubushinjasi na Miniatures y'ibisigo yakozwe muri iki gihe yari yuzuyemo amashusho yisi kandi afite Halo wongeyeho.
Mu 1926, ikinyamakuru kidasanzwe cya kamere yaguze inkuru ya Howard wahise icapirwa nk '"ubwami". Nibikorwa byambere mubwoko bwibihimbano byimpano, bicira urubanza ku ifoto bivuye ku bishushanyo, umwanditsi yakundaga kugeza ku mpera z'imperuka.
Umwami Kull, wabaye uwamubanjirije Abanyakanani-Varvara n'izindi ntwari, yakundwaga n'abasomyi b'Abanyamerika kubera impamvu nyinshi zifatika. Umwanditsi ukiri muto yakoze gukomeza gutangazwa byatangajwe nk "indorerwamo Tuzong Tuzo", hanyuma yimukira mu rukurikirane twiyeguriye ibikorwa by'abandi bagabo.
Mu mpeshyi yo mu 1928, Bibliografiya y'umwanditsi yazuwe n'imirimo, aho Purimanin Malonanin Kane yari hagati mu mugambi wambere. Ibimira byambere muri uruziga byabaye amahano yamateka y "ibihangano byukwezi", "imisozi" y'urupfu "na" munsi yibara ryigicucu cyamaraso ".
Buhoro buhoro, Robert Irwin yagurishije akora mu kinyamakuru The Phop Sport, cya mu muhanda & inzu ya Smith. Ngaho, yamenyesheje mbere isi mu gitabo cy'Inkuru zerekeye abateramakofe, ndetse no ku bayobozi no mu bice bivuye mu gitabo cya mbere "nyir'iherezo."
Mu 1930, hasenge, wabaye umunyamuryango w'uruziga rw'urukundo ndetse no mu buryo buteye ubwoba, yasohoye inkuru "inyuma y'umugezi wirabura." Hanyuma, yatekereje ko ibintu bishaje bishimishije, abasomyi n'abanegura bakeneye intwari nshya.
Hariho rero uruziga rw'imirimo ivuga ku isanzure ry'inkoni n'ubumaji, aho imiterere yitwa Conani yabayeho mu minsi ndetse n'abantu. Mu nkuru zagiye kuri ayo magambo "uruziga rw'umukara", "Colonis arira" ", umurozi azavukira" kandi "igicucu kikururwa".
Urupfu
Mu ci ryo mu 1936, Howard yaguye mu kwiheba no kwiheba kubera indwara idakira, akundwaga gusa. Igihe umugore yagwaga muri uwo, kurasa mu mutwe we nicyo cyateye urupfu rwe, kuko nta cyifuzo cyangwa imbaraga zo kubaho.Bibliografiya
Cycle "Salomo Kane"
- 1928 - "Munsi yigitwikiro cyamaraso"
- 1929 - "ibihanga mu nyenyeri"
- 1930 - "Ukwezi k'urupfu"
- 1932 - "Amababa nijoro"
Cool
- 1929 - "Ubwami bw'igicucu"
- 1929 - "Brer Tuzong Tuna"
Cycle "Conan"
- 1933 - "Alay Citadel"
- 1933 - "Umunara w'inzovu"
- 1933 - "Colossus yumukara"
- 1933 - "Igicucu Cyiza"
- 1934 - "Abantu b'Umukara"
- 1935 - "Ku ruzi rw'umukara"
- 1935 - "Igicucu cya Lembula"
- 1935 - "Isaha ya Dragon"
- 1936 - "Imisumari ifite ingofero zitukura"