Biography
UMario Piezo ubizwa ngokuba nguyise kayise kayise. Imvelaphi yaseMelika ye-Itali yabhala inoveli eyaziwayo malunga ne-mafia, ebeka i-coppola yefilimu esisiseko. Emva kokukhutshwa kwencwadi, uMario Puezo uyavuka enodumo nobutyebi, kwaye xa umzobo othi "utata omkhulu" wawa kwimvelaphi yesikrini saseMelika.Ubuntwana noLutsha
URuzo wazalelwa ekuweni kuka-1920 eNew York, eManhattan. Ubuntwana nolutsha uMario udlula olona ndlu lusana luphakathi kwezona ndawo zingama-34 nezitrato ezingama-50, ezazibizwa ngokuba "yi-cuisine."
Kuma-2000s, indawo apho umbhali weneveli malunga neqela lemigulukudu avele kwaye ekhuselekile kwaye ekhuselekile, kwaye nge-302s kunye ne-GARSERMERERMERMERMERMERMERMERMSMY ETSHINTSHIWEYO APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA APHA. Ii-pubs ze-mafia zilawulwa ziivenkile, iivenkile zokutyela kunye neevenkile, kunye nabazali baseMario Pujo-abafuduki base-Itali, abaye bagcina inzala eNaples, kwafuneka bajonge inzala emininzi.
Kodwa uMario ngoyena mncinci kubantwana kunye nonyana oqhelekileyo (utata wakhe wathatha uMmo Mamio kunye nabantwana abane kumtshato wangaphambili) - uloyiko aluzange lubangele. Inkwenkwe yaguquka izolile kwaye ilungelelene kwindlu enengxolo, ibonisa ukungakhathali kubomi basesitratweni. Wavalwa yincwadi kwikona ethule, efihla kwizalamane ezazingapheliyo, kwaye wanyamalala.
Utata-Shooter kuLoliwe - wabona uNyana woPhumi, kodwa uMario walithiya izikhululo kunye noololiwe, basoyika ukuboyika oololiwe kunye nesihlwele esikhwaza. Xa unyana wagqiba i-12, utata wakhe waphuma usapho. Umama, ukubamba abantwana abahlanu, bafudukela eBronx. UMario ugqitywe ngoncedo: Ithemba lokuba lihambe ngololiwe laphosa.
Emva kokuphumelela esikolweni, uPuzo wagqiba kwelokuba abe ngumkhosi. Xa imfazwe yehlabathi yesibini yayiyinqwa, isiTaliyane esineminyaka eli-19 sibhalisela emkhosini, kodwa sasingafikanga ngaphambili - sazisa umbono. Le ndoda icwangciselwe ukuba isebenze eHozbok. Ngezabelo njengenxalenye yamandla oMkhosi wamaMelika, uMario watyelela eAsia, emva koko eJamani.
Emva kokuphela kwemfazwe, uPuzo wangena kwiYunivesithi yangasese York, emva koko waqhubeka esenza imfundo kwiYunivesithi yaseColumbia eManhattan. Ukufumene imfundo ephezulu, uMario Puzo wafumana unobhala wenkundla, apho wayesebenzela iminyaka engama-20. Ebutsheni bowe-1960 wasebenzela intatheli yokukhululeka.
Uncwadi
I-biography yokuyila yombhali kunye nomgcini-sihlolo ovela kwiminyaka yoo-1960: wayesebenza kwintsimi yejenali kwaye waba nomdla kwifestile. Iincwadi zokuqala zikaMario Puezo zapapashwa eRussia ngo-1990, emva koloyiso lwefilimu mafia.
Inoveli yokuqala, ebizwa ngokuba yi "Arena Mraka", umbhali oneminyaka engama-35 wapapashwa ngo-1955. Ibali lothando lwejoni laseMelika kunye nentombazana yaseJamani ngeendlela ezininzi ngeendlela ezininzi - kunye neqabane lokuqala uMario Pujo badibana eJamani. Ityala lombhali we-novice ladlula lingaqwalaselwa.
Inoveli yesibini ebizwa ngokuba "iphepha elonwabisayo" iPuzo igqibe kwelokuba ipapashe kuphela emva kweminyaka eli-10. Kwaye kwakhona ukhangelwe kwixesha elidlulileyo: Abafuduki base-Italiya baba ngamaqhawe encwadini, bakhangela indawo phantsi kwelanga eMelika, ixesha loxinzelelo olukhulu. I-Noves yesibini ibanjwe yintlekele yodumo lokuqala kumbhali ayongezanga.
UMario Puzo akazange anikezele. Kulandelayo - 1966 - kwiishelfu zeevenkile ze-daves "ye-davie yehlobo elikhoyo kwi-daie" - ukuqulunqwa kwe-noovesces "kuphela kwi-novesment yeshumi elivisayo, awazenzayo kubantwana abahlanu.
Ngo-1967, umbhali wapapasha umcuphi "amatye amathandathu kwindlela eya eMunich", efihla phantsi kwe-pseundenym yaseMario. Kwibali elithetha ngejoni laseMelika, eliza kugxotha amagosa ngaphambili eGestapo, aphilisa ekutshutshisweni nasekufeni komfazi wakhe, abafundi bahlala bengakhathali.
Ngethamsanqa, uMario Puezo emva kokuba uFiasco oncwadi ka-fiasco wangaphantsi. Uzuko lweza kumbhali phantsi kwekhethini le-1960s. Inoveli malunga nentsapho yaseMafia yabafuduki abavela e-Itali kunye neqela lemigulukudu ehlelwe nguKorleone yaguqukela emsebenzini wePuzo.
Ngeminyaka yee-1970, incwadi ethi "UBawo Omkhulu" waba ngumveleli. I-novelist ayizange icinge ngempumelelo enkulu. Emva kwexesha wavuma ukuba akazange afezekise i-prototype yomlinganiswa ophambili: UPuzo wangena kwi-DON VITO, ukuzoba ulwazi malunga ne-GAFOTE NGEENCWADANA ZEMALI.
Inoveli malunga ne-mafia Clan yathengwa ngabafundi baseMelika bombane, indlu yokuprinta ayinaxesha lokushicilela ukujikeleza okutsha. Emva kweminyaka emi-3, umphathi-mfundisi oneminyaka engama-32 ubudala uFrancis Poppoela wathabatha i-ro yaseRoma njengeziseko zegama lebhanyabhanya yegama elifanayo, eguqula abantu base-Itali-baseMelika kwimbali.
Isikolo sefilimu saya kwizikrini ngo-1972 kwaye safumana ii-Oscars ezi-3 (umntu omnye waya eMario Puzo puzo) kunye ne-5 "puzo). Kuhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwe- $ 6 yezigidi, lo mfanekiso uzuze isitudiyo sefilimu kunye nezigidi ezingama-268.5, wajika umlawuli, imeko nenkanyezi iphoswe ngabantu abazizityebi.
UMario Puzo ukhuthaze usapho olukhulu kwindlu ebanzi elunxwemeni lolwandle, kwi-Ece Estatland. Emva kweminyaka emi-2, uPuzo wanikwa i-oscar yesibini yefilimu yefilimu.
Ubuqaqawuli obungalindelekanga bafumana uMario. Ukuqunjelwa kwi-thesture yokuthandwa kwesincoko, awayebonakala ngathi iphantsi kwaye kunganyanisekanga, akuthetha nentatheli ukuba inoveli malunga ne-mafia ayisiyo ibhaliweyo ebhaliweyo. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo (i-10% yemali evela kwintengiso yencwadi) uMario Puzo wanika umntakwabo owayexhasa usapho encwadini.
Ababaninzi abalandeli befilimu "yefilimu" eyaziwa nguThixo ukuba uMbhali wenoveli anyanzelisa umviwa mariso. IParamaunt ijonge ngendima ka-Lawrence Olivier, Anthony Quinna noCarlo Ponti. Kwimbambano ephathekayo phakathi kwe-Puzo kunye neCoppil, yasala i-dilesi, yaphumelela umbhali osoyikisayo ukuba asuse amalungelo kummiselo.
UMario Puon wavela kwiseti yeprojekthi, ephakanyise kwaye wanika ingcebiso, wadibana nomsebenzi weenkwenkwezi wepeyinti - uMarlon Payo, uJames Kanom, uJohn Cal. NgeBrato, Wayengabahlobo de kuphele ubomi bakhe.
Ngo-1978, umbhali wapapasha idrama yedrama "yesidenge" malunga nelizwe lokungcakaza kunye necala elingabonakaliyo lomzi mveliso weefilimu. Intshukumo yenoveli iphoswe kwiHollywood kunye neLas Vegas. UMario Pyuzo Le mveliso ibizwa ngokuba yeyona ilungileyo.
Ngo-1984, umbhali wazisa abalandeli "i-Sicilian"-inoveli malunga nenkululeko yenkululeko yeSiqithi noMlawuli woLawulo lwe-mussolnini. Emva kweminyaka emi-3, kwakhutshwa ifilimu, apho umlinganiswa ophambili - uSalvatore - udlale uChristopher Lambert. Umlawuli wepeyinti yayinguMichael Chimimo.
I-1990th Mario Puzo "ivulwe" ngumdlalo weqonga "kwisine se-kennedy", esasizisa ukungaphumeleli kumbhali. Kwaye ngo-1996, abafundi bamkela i-dontic "yokugqibela don" kwi-mafiosis enamafutha eSicilican Deminicocio, owayezama ukuxhobisela abantwana kunye nabazukulwana, ngaphandle kolwaphulo-mthetho. Emva konyaka, inoveli yakhuselwa. UDanny Aiello wayedlalela umlinganiswa ophambili kwi-mini-uthotho.
Ushicilelo lwe-romanov ezimbini zokugqibela - "iOmerta" kunye "nosapho" - uMario Puzo akazange alinde. Kwiishelfu zeevenkile zeNcwadi, iincwadi zawela ngo-2000 nango-2001. "I-Omerta" - I-Romani-Fight Trilogy malunga ne-mafia evela eSisili. Uvelisa umgca phantsi kweeplani zoo- "Cross Kika" kunye "Sicilia".
Kwintsapho "yosapho", uPuzo wasebenza ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20, de kuphele ubomi, kodwa babengenalo ixesha lokugqiba. Inqaku lokugqibela kwiNcwadi yahanjiswa ngumfazi kaCarol Gino. ERussia, isincoko sangena phantsi kwegama "kuqala don".
Ubomi Buqu
Ndikunye nomfazi wokuqala, i-Erica, intombazana yaseBlonde yaseJamani, uMario wadibana eFrankfurt ngo-1945. U-Erica wayeyithanda i-Okgikaria Kapo entle kwaye waya eMelika, eqinisekile ukuba umyeni wakhe uya kwenza umkhosi. Ukubona ukuba eyona nto iphambili yeqabane lakho ngumbhalo, uErica waziva ukuphoxeka. Iqinisekisiwe emva kokukhululwa kweenoveli zokuqala eziphumelelayo.
Emva kokukhutshwa kwencwadi malunga ne-Sicilia Gongsters, emva kokukhululwa kwencwadi malunga ne-Sicilian Gongsters, igcinwe i-Erica. Kungekudala emva kokuphuma komthengisi, umfazi wakhe wafunyaniswa ukuba unomhlaza webele. Umbhali otyholwa ngesifo somfazi wakhe ngokwakhe ekholelwa ukuba uEric waqhekeza kwaye wafumana ukothuka kutshintsho olubukhali ebomini.
Kwiminyaka yee-1970, uMario waqesha umongikazi kumfazi wakhe. I-Caol Gino ikhathalelwe i-Erica iminyaka emibini kwaye yabahlobo nabantwana bakwaPuzo.
Emva kokusweleka kukaErika ngo-1978, umlingane waphinda wanikezela isandla sakhe e-Karol nentliziyo yakhe rhoqo. UGino waphulukana nokuba ngumfazi omuhle kuphela, wenza abahlobo nabantwana bombhali, kodwa nawo nomntu osebenza naye. I-Tale Gino Carol "AMANQAKU AMAFAZWE" AYAFUMANELEKILEYO KUNYE NOKUFUNDA.
UMario Puzo wayehlala neCarol 20 iminyaka eyonwabileyo. Usapho lwe-noovelist lwaba sisithethe semveli: Intsapho yayihlala kwintsapho yoonyana ababini neentombi mario.
Ukufa
Unobangela wokufa kukaPuzo wayesilele yintliziyo. I-novelist yafa ngequbuliso kunyaka-79th ngoJulayi ka-1999.
Umfazi wafumana uMario kwisitulo sakhe asithandayo endlwini kwisiqithi seLon, apho wayesebenza khona kwinoveli yokugqibela.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1955 - "i-arena mraka"
- Ngo-1965 - "Wonderer Hander"
- Ngo-1966 - "Ihlobo LECH DAVICH VONI"
- Ngo-1967 - "amangcwaba amathandathu endleleni eya eMunich"
- Ngo-1969 - "utata omkhulu"
- Ngo-1978 - "Isidenge Sife"
- Ngo-1984 - SiIcilian
- Ngo-1991 - "isine sennedy"
- Ngo-1996 - "Ukugqibela kwe-don"
- Ngo-2000 - "I-Omerta"
- Ngo-2001 - "Usapho"
Iifilimu (ukukhangelwa)
- Ngo-1972 - "UBawo Omkhulu"
- Ngo-1974 - "Utata oMnqamlezo 2"
- Ngo-1987 - SiIcilian
- Ngo-1988 - "iphepha elonwabisayo"
- 1990 - "UBawo omkhulu 3"
- Ngo-1997 - "ukugqibela kweDon"