Biography
Isithandi-sobulumko esiFrentshi kunye nombhali uDesis Dero sikhumbule umhlaba ngenxa yenkolo kunye ne-ART, iinoveli ezingenayo kunye nencwadi enkulu ye-Eporing ye-Epoch yolwazi - i-encyclopedia, okanye inkcazo IiSayensi, ubugcisa kunye nobugcisa. " Imbalelwano yakhe kunye noSophie volan ngumgangatho weleta yothando, etyhila ubunzulu be-harsh, kodwa abamele abamele i-france xviiii mkhulu.Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-Deni Dography ithatha nge-2 ka-Okthobha, 1713 kwidolophu yaseFrance yaseLang. Yabantwana abayi-7 i-Dororo kunye ne-Angelica wiglen i-wigneron ezine yayihlala ebantwini. UDenis, ekubeni ungumntwana okhulileyo, wanceda ukuba akhulise oodade baseDeniz (1715-1797) kunye Angelica (1720-1749), uMzalwan 'uPira-Adier (1722-1787). Ngokutsho kwababhali-mbali, ifudumeza yonke iDenis yaphatha i-Denise, yamthanda, yabizwa ngokuba nguSocrate kwimbonakalo yabasetyhini. "
Njengomntwana, umbhali wexesha elizayo uzimisele njengomfundi oqaqambileyo. Abazali bagqibe kwelokuba le nkwenkwana iya kukhonza ibandla. Ngo-1726, uDeni wangena kumaKatolika uLitholi Louis omkhulu, apho abakhuliswa khona abakhuliswayo, emva koko eJansenist Collège d'harcourt. Ukufundisisa indalo iphela kunye nendawo yomntu kuyo, ngo-1732 u-Adro waphumelela ekholejini kwaye wafumana isidanga se-Master kwintanda-bulumko.
Iingcamango zexesha lanamhlanje, iimbono ngembali yemeko yemeko kunye nelungelo labangelwa nguDororo ukuba ayeke umsebenzi wombingeleli kwaye angenise i-faculty yeyunivesithi yaseParis. Emva koko, ngo-1749, uMFani waseFransi wadaniswa ngokupheleleyo kwinkolo: i-Angelica yathandwa i-Angelica, yayinguNun, wabulawa ngumsebenzi wokusebenza kwenkonzo yecawa.
Iincwadi kunye nethiyetha
Umnqweno wokuba ngumbhali ovule uDenis Dero ngo-1743, kwaye waqala ngokudlulisela umsebenzi wesiNgesi kwisiFrentshi. Phakathi Kwemisebenzi Yasekuqaleni - "Imbali yeGrisi" Tamem Stabyan (1743), "Isichazi-magama sonyango" uRobert James (1746-1748). Ngo-1745, wapapasha "amava esidima kunye nobulungisa" besithandi sobulumko esiNgesi uAnthony Anthony Hoherbury, kodwa kunye nezinto zakhe.
Ngo-1746, uHoro wakhupha umsebenzi wokuqala wombhali - "iingcinga zentanda-bulumko". Kulo msebenzi, umFrentshi wabonakalalelwa kuxolelaniso lwengqondo ngemvakalelo kwaye wafikelela kwisigqibo sokuba imvakalelo inokuba yingozi ngaphandle koqeqesho, kwaye ingqondo iyimfuneko ukuze kulawulwe. Ngexesha lokubhalwa, uHoro walandela imibono yaseDeesma, ngenxa yoko emsebenzini kukho iimpikiswano ngokuchasene nokungakholelwa kubukho bukaThixo nasekugxekeni kobuKristu.
Umbono wonqulo uqwalaselwa ngokweenkcukacha kwi "skeptic hamba" (1747). Lo msebenzi yingxoxo phakathi kwe-oidist, ongakholelwa kubukho bukaThixo kunye no-pantheist malunga nobuntu. I-DIALD ixhomekeke kwingxoxo ye-telemological, umntu ongakholelwa kubukho bacacisa imvelaphi ye-physics, i-chemistry kunye nezithethi, umlinganisi uthi uThixo ngumanyano lwengqondo kunye nolwazelelelo.
"Ukuhamba ngethemba" kwapapashwa kuphela ngo-1830: amapolisa endawo asoyikisa i-HOO etshayolisi kwaye ebanjwa kwimeko yokusasazeka kwale "veryy". Isongelo sasiyenziwa ngo-1749 - ukuze umsebenzi "weempawu eziziimfama kwabo banokubona isithandi-sobulumko bolwa phantsi kwengqondo yejense. Kwigumbi elinye, u-Doro wayeneparadesi "elahlekileyo" kaJohn Milton, kumasimi ashiye amanqaku ashiyiweyo kunye nesidumbu esizinzileyo. Isigqibo sahlala ukusukela ngoJulayi ukuya kuNovemba.
Ngo-1750, u-Doro waba ngumhleli wencwadi enkulu ye-french ye-Epoch yokukhanya - "i-encyclopedia, okanye ubugcisa obukrelekrele." Kwiminyaka eli-16 yomsebenzi kwincwadi yeDenis, wabhala ikhulu lamanqaku angamakhulu malunga noqoqosho, oomatshini, intanda-bulumko, ezopolitiko, inkolo. UJean-Jacques russo, uVoltaire, uCharles De Montcape kunye nenye iFrentshi enkulu esebenza ecaleni kwe-DoDRORT.
Iofisi yokuhlela yaseDorod idlulise i-28 kwi-35 yemiqulu "ye-encyclopedias". Intsebenziswano nomshicileli uAndre Lell uphelile, kuba akazange atsale "iingcinga" ezivela kumanqaku ngaphandle kolwazi lokucinga. Ukujonga lo mthetho ngokungcatshwa, isithandi-sobulumko sasasazeka ngomsebenzi omkhulu.
Kwiminyaka yee-1750s, i-Frenchman ibongoza kwithiyetha kwaye ifaka inani lemidlalo elinikezelwe kwizihloko zosapho. Idrama "uNyana ovulekileyo" (1757) ubhekisa kwisihloko sabantwana abangekho mthethweni, kwaye 'utata wosapho "(1758) ngumsebenzi we-achebiographical ekukhetheni intliziyo, hayi isicelo sikatata.
Ngexesha le-Dororo, iholo yemidlalo yahlulwa yaza yaqaqadelwa (yile, intlekele) kwaye eyona iphantsi (oko kukuthi, ihlemisi). Isithandi-sobulumko sasingamkeli inkqubo enjalo kwaye kwi-paradox kumdlali weqonga "wabhala ukuba ii-Aristocrats kukho amaxesha amnandi, umntu olihlwempu ulusizi. Kumsebenzi, uza nohlobo "lohlobo olunzulu", olunamathela emdeni phakathi kwentlekele neyonwabisayo.
Ukongeza kwi-herilosophications, isebenza kwi-ART ("SALON"), idlala, u-Dorodi wabhala ubugcisa. Isitshixo "i-jadques-jacques-i-jafalist kunye nomniniyo" (1765-1780), incoko yababini "(iRamo Nephew" (i-1760s), i-1780). Kwaye iPeru Deroro ye-atrohorisms ezininzi, kubandakanya ingxelo "yetebhisi", ethetha ukufumana impendulo efanelekileyo ngalo mzuzu xa ixesha sele liphoswe.
I-Deni Dography's Biology inxulumene ngokusondeleyo neRussia, oko kukuthi nge-catherine II inkulu. Ukufundelwa ngobunzima bezemali yefilosofi ye-FreyFren, i-trored iphakamisa ukuthenga ithala leencwadi kwaye inyule ngomvuzo onomvuzo wemivuzo eyi-1000 ngonyaka. Uhlawule kwangaphambili i-Dorodi kwiminyaka engama-25 ngaphambili.
Ngo-Okthobha 1773, umFrentshi wafika eSt. Petersburg wahlala eRussia kangangeenyanga ezi-5. Ngeli xesha, i-Doro naseCarrine II idibana phantse yonke imihla. Ukufuna ukutsala umdla we-MARRERress kwiingcinga zabo, ifilosoti imbethe ezinyaweni zakhe.
Kwileta eya kuMaria Jofren, umnini we-salon yencwadi yaseFrance, uCatherine wabhala ukuba emva kwencoko ne-Dorodi, wayenamabala amnyama enzonzobileni.
Esona sihloko siphambili sengxoxo kukujika iRussia ibe kwimeko efanelekileyo, ukudalwa kwe-Utopia. I-Ekaterina inkulu, ngokucacileyo, ithathe ingcinga ka-Dorodo ongenangqondo. Kwimbalelwano kunye neDiplomat Louis-Filippe Segür, i-Empress yabhala ukuba ilandelwa ziingcamango, emva koko iRussia iya kuvalwa sisiphithiphithi.
Ubomi Buqu
Ekuqaleni kuka-1743, i-pilosopher yadibana no-Anna-Antoinetta Champion (1710-1796) - intombi engafundanga evela kwiklasi ephantsi, enomama wakhe, wayehlala kwindlu enye ne-Doro. Umfana, ofuna ukumtshata, wacela imvume kuYise. UAdier wayengayichasanga nje umbono woNyana, kodwa ndiyifumene "ibhala ngetywina", oko kukuthi, ukubanjwa okungakumbi kwe-denis. Umbhali walolwa kwimonki yaseKarmelites.
Emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, u-Doro wasaba waza wathumela ileta ethandekayo, egqiba lo mbuzo uphambili - ukuba uAtoinette wavuma ukutshata. Intombazana yaphendulwa ngokwala oku: Khange afune ukunxibelelana nosapho awayengonwabanga ngalo. Nangona kunjalo, kamva i-Frenchwoman yatshintsha uluvo. Ngobusuku bangoNovemba 6, 1743, uDoro noCharsion babetshatile ngasese kwenye yeecawa zeParis, besombulula umtshato ngaphandle kwemvume yabazali. Inyaniso enomdla: Utata Denis wafunda ngomtshato woNyana kwiminyaka emi-6 kamva.
Abantwana abane bazalwa emtshatweni. Ibuzi, i-Angelica, yazalwa ngoAgasti 14, 1744, nenyanga enesiqingatha, ngoSeptemba 29, wasweleka. UFrancois Jacques kunye noonyana bakaDeni-Laurent nabo bafa kwasebusaneni. UMary Angelica (1753-1824) waba ngumntwana osindayo (1753-1824), ebizwa emva koodade noodadewethu abaseFransi. Waziwa njengesixhobo sokuhamba ngenqwelo moya.
Ubomi bobuqu i-Dororo bulele nangaphandle komtshato. Phakathi kweToruds yakhe umbhali wadala uPuezier, intombi yomdlali we-French Jeanny Katarine de noMofie cwalan. Igama lokwenyani likaDeliselle Vilan - Louse-Henrietta, kunye negama lesidlaliso uSophie wanika u-Dororo, eqaqambisa ubulumko beengcinga zayo. Ekuqaleni, akukho nto iziyo imbalelwano ngo-1755, ngexesha lokujika laba yinoveli kwiileta, kwaye waphela ngo-1784, ngeSokie yokufa.
Ngenxa yenani lesithandi-sobulumko ngokwalo, uyaziwa ukuba uthumele oonobumba abangama-553, 187 bafika kwixesha lethu. Badibana neekowuti, ukukhwaza ngokunyaniseka kweemvakalelo:
"Ndiyakuthanda njengoko unokuthanda kanye, kwaye ngaphandle kokuba akuyi kumthanda nabani na."Ukubuyela ngoonobumba, kwiSophie ukuya kwi-Dororo, ayizange igcinwe, njengoko le ntombazana ibukeka kanjalo, ibali lithule. Kuthiwa ukuba umhlobo wentanda-bulumko wayetsala umzobo we-madmoiselle volan kwinduli yencwadi yeHorat. Emva kokubulawa kukaDero, i-Ekaterina II yathenge yonke ilayibrari yakhe, kwaye umfanekiso ongaqondakaliyo akafunyanwa.
Ukufa
Ngonyaka ka-71 wobomi, osindileyo van kwiinyanga ezi-5, uDesis Dodiro wasweleka nge-31 kaJulayi nge-31, 1784 ukusuka kuMEPHYMAI weemiphunga.
Umzimba wangcwatyelwa kwiCawa yaseSt. Roha, kodwa ngexesha lokuHlaziyiswa kwesiFrentshi ngo-1789, onke amangcwaba etempileni awonakaliswa. Ngoku indawo eya ngqo yezintlu zefilosofi ayaziwa.
Iikowuti
Nika isifungo sentlupheko-kuthetha ukuhamba ukuba livila nesela. Wamkelekile kubunyulu- kuthetha ukuthembisa uThixo ukuba aphazamisa izilumko nebaluleke kakhulu kwimithetho yakhe. Nika ukuthotyelwa- kuthetha ukulahla ilungelo elingasengqiqweni-kwinkululeko. Ukuba umntu usigcina isifungo sakhe, ululwane nolwaphulo-mthetho, ukuba uyaphuma yena, ulifungo. Ubomi kwimonki bubomi bokuthanda okanye intloko. Iintloko zisela kakhulu kwi-SIP enye, kwaye inyani ekrakra yenzeka ngendlela engaqhelekanga.Sebenza
- 1746 - "Iingcinga zeFisosofi"
- 1747 - "hambani"
- 1749 - "Ileta Yamaimfama Kwabo Babonayo"
- 1750-1766 - "Encyclopedia, okanye inkcazo yeSayensi, ubugcisa kunye nobugcisa"
- 1751 - "Ileta malunga Nesathulu kunye Ukufa"
- 1757 - "Unyana ovulekileyo"
- 1758 - "UTata Wentsapho"
- 1759-1781 - "Salon"
- 1763 - "Ramo Nephew"
- 17711-177 - "I-jacques-Fatist kunye nomnini wakhe"
- 1780 - "Nun"