Biography
Gayntz Guderian, iye yakakwira Heinz uye Heinz-Dutu - ChiGerman General, nhengo yehondo dzese dzepasi rose uye mabhuku mashoma. Pasinei nekutora chikamu chinoshanda mumhandara yekurwa kweFascist Germany, Guderian akakwanisa kudzivisa kupomerwa panguva yeNuremberg maitiro.
Weilz Wilhelm Guderian akaberekerwa musi waJune 17, 1888 mutaundi diki rekutonhora, kuWestern Prussia. Nhasi, dunhu chikamu chePoland uye chinonzi sehenya. Midzi yeGuderia pedigree kuenda kuPrussia, zvizvarwa zvakati womhuri yake vaive varidzi vevaridzi kana magweta. Mauto ekutanga mumhuri aive baba vemunguva inotevera, Friedrich Guderian Gainz.
Muna 1890, munin'ina wake, Fritz, uye mushure megore raBaba rakashandurwa kuti vashumire muColmar. Ikoko, ane makore matanhatu-okuwana Gayer akaenda kuchikoro, asi munguva pfupi mhuri iyi yakamanikidzwa kutama. MuSt. akadzivirira, uko kuwana SR. Akagadzwa kugadzwa kutsva, pakanga pasina chikoro, saka vanakomana vakaramba vachidzidza mune rimwe guta.
Sezvo vese vakomana vakarota basa remauto, zvakasarudzwa kuvapa kuKadetsky corps 1907.
Mushure meizvozvo, jaya rakatarwa neFenrich (mumiriri wevakuru) muLorraine, kwaive mubhatiri pasi pemurairo waBaba. Mushure memwedzi mitanhatu yekudzidza muchikoro chemauto muMetz, Gayer akagamuchira musoro wemutungamiriri weMefazi, maari akaramba asati atanga nehondo yenyika yekutanga yehondo.
Basa reMauto
Muhondo yenyika yekutanga, Gudari akashanda mumauto ekutaurirana, akadzokororwa kakawanda. Munguva kubva muna 1919 kusvika 1939, Heinz akachinja nzvimbo dzebasa uye akatoshanyira Soviet Union - Sechikamu chekuongorora, akashanyira Chikoro cheKazan pasi peKazan.
Reichsver Valil Guderian seano nyanzvi yeuto uye afundo maheorist mumunda wematangi ehutachiona panguva yekuvigira. Iye murume akaverenga hurukuro yemukuru wemukuru uye akanyatsotarisisa zviito zvehondo emauto eNapoleonic, pamwe nemazano eGerman mukati mehondo yakapfuura. Ndiye aive iye aive mutsigiri mukuru wekufunga kuti matangi anofanirwa kuita seyakaenzana yekurwa, uye kwete mukuumbwa kwechecheche.
Muna 1937, yekutanga muzvinyorwa zveHeinz, bhuku rinoti "kutarisirwa, matangi! "Nhoroondo yekusikwa kwe tank troops." Basa riri muPecacetime, mauto akapera semutungamiriri weiyo Xix Army Corps.
Munguva yePolish mushandirapamwe, murume akaraira zvitunha zve19 motokari uye akagamuchira danho resimbi reiyo 1st degree, pamwe neKnight Cover. Wainz akazova mumwe wevatori vechikamu mumusangano weMauto eGerman uye USSR muguta reBrest-nad-bug - nguva ino yatorwa mumufananidzo wenguva.
Munguva yekupinda kweGermany kuenda kuFrance Guderian yakawana mukurumbira. Mauto aifarira kushandisa maClitzkrieg maitiro, uye zvakaunza mibairo yakanaka, asi Heinz haana kugara achifunga nezvazvo zvakafanira kuzivisa zviito zveMauto. Nekudaro, izvi hapana kana kubviswa kwechinguva kubva murairo kubva kuVe Cloadstat vakatadzisa Guderian muzhizha kuti riwane musoro weColonel-General Boka rechipiri.
Mushure mekurwiswa kweSoviet Union, Gayer akakwanisa kutora Smolensk muna Chikunguru 1941, asi ipapo Hitler akachinja zvirongwa uye akaraira Guderian kuti aende kuKiev. Murayiro wehunyanzvi hweGeneral akabvumira uto remutungamiriri wechitatu rezita kuratidza kurwiswa kwehondo yerudzi rakatsvuka, iyo yakazounza kuumbwa kweiyo "Kiev Boiler", umo maSouth-wezasi-wokumavirira mauto eSoviet akarova.
Tevere, zvinhu zvese zvaive zvisina kunaka. Guderian akarairwa kuti afambe kuMoscow, uye munaNovember 1941, boka rechipiri, rinotora gondo uye MTsensk, Mtsensk, akarwisa Tula naKashir, asi havana kubudirira mumhedzisiro. Log muMoscow, mauto eVermacht aisakwanisa. Murayiro weGerman wakanyatsoziva nezvehukuru hweguta uye hauna kuziva kuti masimba angadai asina kukwana nharaunda yeguta, kana kurwiswa kwepamberi paari.
RKKK paakatanga kudhonza, Gudari akakumbira mvumo yekubvisa mauto, asi akagamuchira kuramba, dambudziko reizvozvo harina kutungamira kune chero chinhu. Kudzivisa mirairo yeVadzimba uye Gayez akatora mauto, ayo musi waDecember 26, 1941 akabviswa pamurayiro uye akashanduka muchikwata chesungano.
Nekudaro, munaFebruary 1943, mushure mekukunda mauto eFascist padhuze neAdolf akaziva kuti pasina ruzivo rweHeinz, akakwanisa kuitei, uye akazotora Geinz kuti atore chinzvimbo chemuviri wemauto. Mabasa ayo zvino akabatanidza kudzoreredzwa kweiyo yakarova tangi uto, pamwe nekutarisira kwekugadzirwa uye kugadzirwa kwematangi. Chinzvimbo chitsva chakapa imaz mukana wekudzivirira mawaya ekurwa uye kubata hitler zvakananga.
"Kuvhiya kweCitidel" ndiko kurwiswa kukuru kukuru kweGerman kumabvazuva uye kuseta chinangwa chekudzoreredza kutanga kwehondo yeGerman. Mauto eUSSR aizivikanwa nezvehurongwa hweGerman, uye ivo vaizvidavirira mukudzivirira.
Musi waMay 3, 1943, musangano wakabatwa kuti ufunge nezvechirongwa ichi. Munguva yekukurukurirana, kusarongeka kweGudeice kwakabata pamusoro pekungwara, uye akashevedza munda weDiel Maronda Von Kudenga, iye akatanga kukwezva panguva yekutora kweMoscow - Akabatsira kuti Heinz muna 1941. Nekudaro, madhiri ekupedzisira haana kuitika, sezvo ainyepedzera kuna Hitler pachezvake.
"Citadel" yakatsemuka 2 yemitauro matatu emabasa eTangi yakaiswa nemauto mubhuku rinoti "hanya, matangi!". Zvinoenderana nekurudziro yake, nzvimbo yacho inofanira kuvhurika uye isina kudzivirirwa yakasimbiswa, uye nezvemabasa evavengi anofanira kushamisika. Mukukurukurirana neMay 14, 1943, Gudari akanongedzera kusava nebasa kwechirongwa, icho icho Fürer akabvuma kubvuma. Nekuda kweizvozvo, "Citadel" yakamiswa kusvika munaJuly, asi pakupedzisira iye achiri apedzwa nekukundwa kwehondo yeGerman.
Muna Chikunguru 1944, kuedza kwakaitwa pamutsiva. Mushure meizvozvo, Gayer akagamuchira chinzvimbo chevakuru vevashandi vemagariro emauto epasi, asi munaKurume 1945, general akambopindazve nharo naHitler. Mhedzisiro yacho ndeye kusunungurwa kweheinz kubva kuhofisi uye kumutumira kuzororo.
Musi waMay 10, 1945, Guderian Gacez akabata nehondo yeUS ndokuunzwa kuNuremberg. Muchiitiko ichi, iye Mukuru akapfuura seChapupu - kunyangwe achida USSR kuti amuise mhosva dzekuita kwevasungwa vemauto eRKKKA muna 1941, valies havana kubvumidza kufamba kwakadaro.
Muna 1946, Gawz, semusungwa wehondo, akasungwa muAllandorf, kubva kwaakasunungurwa mushure memakore maviri. Mushure meizvozvo, Gudria aigara achikokwa kumisangano yeBritish veterans, kwaanenge aine vapikisi vake vaaimboongorora kurwa kwekupedzisira. Mukutanga kwa1950s, Heinz akava chipangamazano wemauto uye akabatsira kuumba bundu.
Hupenyu Hwako
Hupenyu hwaAngz hwomunhu hwakayerwa uye hwakadzikama. Mujaya hwake, akasangana naMararita Gerne, mwanasikana wezvekurapa kukuru kwebasa rekurapa, uye muna 1913 akaroora iye. Mukadzi, akagarirwa naGudiki kwehupenyu hwake hwese, akava shamwari yakatendeka uye yepedyo, iyo inoonekwa mutsamba dzemurume wemauto. Vaviri ava vaive nevana vaviri: Muna 1914, mwanakomana wedangwe akapiwe, muna 1918, mudiki kurwira. Gunter Gagz akaenda akatsika tsoka dzaBaba vake uye aipinda muHondo Yenyika II.
Guderian akasungwa kuna Baba vake vaakafunga nezvemuenzaniso wemunhu nemusoja, uye aive achinetseka zvakanyanya nezve kufa kwake muna 1914. Pasinei nokushaiwa mhosva panguva yeNuremberg maitiro, zvinotendwa neHeinz hazvikonzeri kusahadzika - mune yake memoirs akataurira Hitler nekuyemura uye akasimbisa matarenda ake akawanda.
Muhupenyu hwerunyararo hwaHeinz akanyora mabhuku maviri mumhando yemumhanzi memorarisist - "ndangariro dzemusoja" uye "ndangariro dzeGerman General".
Pabasa revanhu vehondo yake yeArmore mukati meHondo Yenyika II, mafirimu maviri akanyorwa akabviswa. "Duel yemauto maviri" kubva kuCyle "akavharwa" kutaura nezvekunetseka kweanoronga. "" "Taura nezvekunetsana kwekunetseka kwemitambo mikhaiv naGeinza guderaan panguva yehondo yeMoscow.
Iyo yechitatu yechitatu kubva ku "muchina wechiuto weHitler", "mauto eArmored", anotaura nezveBanzerwaff Guderey yeHondo yechipiri yenyika.
Rufu
Geinz Guderian akafa muna Chivabvu 14, 1954. Kukonzera rufu yaive chirwere chechiropa, icho murume akatambura kubva 1951.
Gudhian's Greave iri muGestlar, kuAlter Friedhof Goslar Makuva.
Mubairo
- 1914 - Iron Cross 2nd kirasi
- 1915 - Kurongeka kweFriedrich, Knight's Cross 2nd giredhi nemapakatwa
- 1916 - Iron Cross 1st kirasi
- 1934 - Honorary Muchinjiko weHondo Yokutanga yeNyika 19/1018 ine minondo
- 1935 - Kurongeka kweBonde-Ernestinky House, Commander Cross 2nd Giredhi nemapakatwa
- 1937 - Mhedzisiro isingakanganwike nemapakatwa
- 1938 - Medal "muVemy Mpl 13, 1938"
- 1938 - Medal "muVemory Gumiguru 1, 1938"
- 1939 - Buckle kune Iron Cross 2nd kirasi
- 1939 - Buckle kune iyo iron Cross 1st kirasi
- 1939 - Kurongeka kweSaint Savva yeiyo 1st kirasi
- 1939 - Knight's Cross Cross
- 1941 - Oak anosiya kuenda kuKarner's Cross yeIron Cross