Amateka y'inyuguti
Viktor Frankenstein - Intwari yiki gitabo "Franvenstei, cyangwa Promeyo igezweho" yumwanditsi wicyongereza Mariya gusuzugura. Inkuru ifite ubwoba kuri manster yigitange ibaye umuco kandi itanga imigezi yinyungu mu ishusho mubuvanganzo na sinema. Umwanditsi yashoboye guhungabanya rubanda akomeye - umugambi wagaragaye ko ushimishije kandi uteye ubwoba. Igitabo kitera ibibazo by'imyitwarire n'imyitwarire, kimwe n'ibibazo bya filozofiya n'idini.Amateka yo kurema imico
Mu mpeshyi yo mu 1816, Villa Diodeat yakusanyirijwe n'abanditsi b'Abongereza: George Byron w'imyaka 18. Rubanda y'imyaka 18 y'amavuko (mu gushonga). Bishimishije ubwabo basoma imigani iteye ubwoba y'Ubudage, icyegeranyo cya "FantasMagorian", cyasohotse mu 1812. Ku mpapuro z'iki gitabo harimo inkuru yerekeye abarozi, imivumo n'abazimu baba mu mazu yataye. Yahumekewe n'imirimo y'abandi banditsi, George Bayron yatanze sosiyete, na we, gerageza guhimba igitabo giteye ubwoba.
Byron yashushanyaga inkuru yerekeye Kanamas ya Dawes mu mushinga, ariko yanga iki gitekerezo John Polipori, wanditse inkuru ivuga ku maraso yitwa "VAMPIRE". Mariya na we yahisemo kumenya ubushobozi bwo guhanga maze ahimba igitabo kivuga ku muhanga w'i Geneve, watumye ikiremwa kizima mu bintu byapfuye.
Birashimishije kubona umugambi wimirimo atari inkuru nyayo. Icyakora, umwanditsi yahumekewe n'inkuru zerekeye icyerekezo cya paranifika cya fiziki y'umunyamaguru Friedrich Mesmer, wavuze ko hifashishijwe imbaraga za magnetique, ihuza telepathic rishobora gushyirwaho. Nanone, umwanditsi yahumekeye amateka yabagenzi kubyerekeye Galivasi.
Umwanditsi yari azwi ko umuhanga wa Luigi Galvani, wabaye mu kinyejana cya XVIILI, akwirakwiza igikeri muri laboratoire ye. Iyo stalpel yakora ku mubiri, umwarimu yabonye ko imitsi iri hejuru y'umuriro. Galvania yise iki kintu gifite amashanyarazi n'amashanyarazi, kandi ni mwishywa we Giovanni Allini atangiye gushyira iperereza ku mirambo y'abantu, bitangaje ku ruhame ruhanitse.
Byongeye kandi, Mariya yahumekewe n'ikibuga cya Frankenstein, giherereye mu Budage: umwanditsi yumvise ibye mu Bwongereza kugera i Riviere yo mu Busuwisi, igihe yagendaga mu kibaya cya Rhine. Byari bihujwe ko uyu mutungo wahinduwe laboratoire ya alchemical. Amakuru amwe yavuze ko umuhanga avuga ko umuhanga Johann Konrad Danrad yabayeho hano, wabaye Prototype ya Dr. Frankenstein.
Igitabo cya mbere cyigitabo kivuga ku bijyanye n'ubumenyi mu busazi cyabonye urumuri mu murwa mukuru w'Ubwongereza mu 1818. Igitabo kitazwi cyeguriwe William Godwin, abasomyi 'basomyi babishaka, ariko abanegura ubuvanganzo banditse nabi. Mu 1823, Roman Mary Shelley yimuriwe muri theatre kandi akagira intsinzi y'abari aho. Amagambo yinyuguti nkuru yahindutse amagambo azwi.
Biografiya nishusho ya Viktor Frankenstein
Ibivugwa biratangira urugendo rw'umushakashatsi w'icyongereza wa Walton ku giti cyamajyaruguru. Muri urubura, ikipe ya Vessiel ibona Abanyaburayi bananiwe - Viktor Frankenstein. Tugeze mu bwato kandi bikangura, intwari isangira n'amateka ya Walton kandi isobanura uburyo yinjiye mu rube rukonje. Hafi yimyaka yambere mumiterere yimiterere, havugwa ibi bikurikira. Umuhungu yavukiye mumuryango winjerara i Geneve. Kuva mu bwana, umwana yazimiye mu isomero ry'urugo, akuramo ubumenyi yungutse ibitabo.Mu ntoki ze, hari imirimo ya paracelles, inyandiko zandikishijwe intoki za Agriplotiste ya Nettesheim n'ibindi bikorwa bya Alchemiste barose kubona ibuye rya filozofiya rikunzwe, bahindura ibyuma byose muri zahabu. Nyuma y'urupfu rwa Mama Victor Se, abonye inyungu z'uruvunja, yohereje umusore muri kaminuza ya Elite ya Ingolstadt.
Hano, umukobwa ukiri muto frankenstein yakomeje kumva ibyibanze bya siyansi. By'umwihariko, ayobowe na mwarimu wa siyansi ya Valldman, ubumenyi bushishikajwe no gukora ikintu kizima mu bintu byapfuye. Tumaze imyaka ibiri ku bushakashatsi, imico nyamukuru y'izina ryemejwe ku bushakashatsi bwe buteye ubwoba. Kurema homunculus yabo, intwari yahujije ibice bitandukanye byimirambo yabantu. Iyo ikiremwa kinini cyabayeho, Victor atangaje Victor yahunze laboratoire ye.
Inyuguti nkuru ni Frankenstein hamwe nibiremwa bitagira izina bigize abashakanye bamwe mumuryango wa Rurema n'ibyo yaremye. Niba tuvuze idini rya gikristo, kongera gutekereza ku mazina yerekana amashusho yerekana ko umuntu adashobora gufata ku mikorere y'Imana kandi adashobora kubimenya abifashijwemo n'ubwenge. Umuhanga waharanira kuvumbura bushya arebera ikibi kitigeze kibaho: Igisimba kizi imiterere ye kandi kigerageza gushyiraho inshingano za Viktor Frankenstein. Umwarimu ukiri muto washakaga gukora ukudapfa, ariko nasanze nzafata inzira mbi.
Victor yizeye gutangira ubuzima ava mu rupapuro rwera, ariko yize amakuru ateye ubwoba: murumuna we William yarishwe bunyamaswa. Abapolisi bamenye umuja w'icyaha wo mu rugo rwa Frankenstein, kuko mu gihe cyo gushakisha, umukobwa yasanze umudari wa nyakwigendera. Urukiko rwohereje ntishimye ku gisekuru, ariko Victor yakeka ko umugizi wa nabi nyawe yari igisimba kibyuzuye. Igisimba cyagiye ku ntambwe nk'iyi kuko yangaga Umuremyi wavuye mu gikoko afite isura mbi yonyine no kumurenga ku kubaho batishimye no gutoteza societe.
Ubukurikira, Monster yishe Henri Clerval, inshuti nziza ya siyansi. Impamvu ni Victor yanze gukora umugeni mu gisimba igihe yabazaga abaganga. Umwarimu yerekanye ko abadayimoni babaho vuba aha umukunzi, niko uwagerageje arimbura umubiri wumugore atera urwango rwibyo yaremye. Igisimba ntikizareka kwihorera - ako kanya nyuma y'ubukwe bwa Victor kuri Elizabeti, ahinda umushyitsi, ahinda umushyitsi.
Victor yakubiswe n'urupfu rw'umukobwa akunda, kandi se azapfa vuba avuye mu mutima. Twifuzaga umuhanga wabuze umuryango we, tureba kwihorera ku byare bibi kandi bihutira kwirukana. Igihangange cyihishe kuri Pole y'Amajyaruguru, aho kubera imbaraga za kimuntu byoroshye byakoroheye byoroshye. Muri finsali, Frankenstein arapfa.
Viktor Frankenstein muri firime
Roman Mariya yabyaye cyane kandi arakingirwa. Mu 1931, umuyobozi James azarekura filime izwi cyane "Frankenstein". Ishusho yinyamanswa, yakiniye muri filime Boris Carlofoff, afatwa nkubushobozi. Umukinnyi yagombaga kumara igihe kirekire mucyumba cyo kwambarwa, kuko kurema isura yintwari kuva muhanzi basize amasaha agera kuri atatu.
Uruhare rw'umuhanga mu busazi muri firime rwakiriwe n'umukinnyi clin clin, wibukwa ninteruro muri firime. Mu ntangiriro, monster ya amplua mu gishushanyo cya 1931 yagombaga gukora Bela Lugoshi, wibukwa n'abumviriza bari mu ishusho ya Dracula. Icyakora, umukinnyi ntiyashakaga gukora igihe kirekire, kandi usibye, uru ruhare ntirwafite inyandiko. Mu 1977, film iyobowe na firime ya Calvina Floyd yarekuwe kuri ecran, kandi mu 1994 ibona rubanda rubona verisiyo ya Umuyobozi wa Kenneth Barna.
Muri 2015, umuyobozi Paul McGigan yashimishije film "Viktor Frankenstein", aho yakinnye cyane: Daniel Mcawa, Jessica Brown-Masselei, Bronsto Webb na Andrew Scott. Daniel RadCliffe, wibukwa kuri firime zerekeye Harry Potter, yashoboye kuvuka mu ruhare rwa "GoRBUN", aho umukinnyi yakuze afite umusatsi.
Ibintu bishimishije
- Gukora imirimo y'amayobera bifite ibintu byinshi bishimishije, nubwo umugambi wibitabo ari ibihimbano.
- Igisimba cyatanzwe na Roma Mary cyitwa Frankenstein, ariko iri ni ikosa, kubera ko umwanditsi w'igitabo atigeze yemera ko watsinze intsinzi n'izina iryo ari ryo ryose.
- Mary Shelley yavuze ko igitekerezo cy'akazi cyari kuri we mu nzozi. Ku ikubitiro, umwanditsi, utashoboraga gutekereza inkuru ishimishije, yavutse ikibazo cyo guhanga. Ariko mu gice cya kabiri, umukobwa yabonye igisimba cy'umuntu cyahaye umubiri, wacyo cyari imbaraga zo gukora igitabo.
Amagambo
Ubuzima bwintagondwa kandi buratwizirikaho gukomera kuruta uko twabyanga. Noneho ibyago bizwi cyane byibyago bikomeye cyane. Suite bakunda kwanga umunezero.Bibliografiya
- 1816 - "Frankenstein, cyangwa Promeyo igezweho"
Filmography
- 1931 - Frankenstein
- 1943 - "Frankenstein yahuye numuntu-impyisi"
- 1966 - "Frankenstein yaremye umugore"
- 1974 - "Umusore Frankenstein"
- 1977 - "Viktor Frankenstein"
- 1990 - Frankenstein yarekuwe
- 1994 - "Frankenstein Mary Shelly"
- 2014 - "I, Frankenstein"
- 2015 - "Viktor Frankenstein"