Imbali yomlinganiswa
UViktor Frankenstein - iqhawe lenoveli "uFrankenstei, okanye i-promettheus yanamhlanje yombhali wesiNgesi uMary Shely. Ibali eloyikiyo malunga ne-monster yase-suncloral yaba yimfesane kwaye yakhokelela kwimdla umdla womfanekiso ngoncwadi nakwisinema. Umbhali ukwazile ukothusa esidlangalaleni - iyelenqe laya kuvuya kwaye lisoyikisa. Incwadi iphakamisa imibuzo yokuziphatha kunye nokuziphatha, kunye neengxaki zendalo nezenkolo.Imbali yendalo yempawu
Ngehlobo le-1816, i-Via Doodeat yaqokelelwa ngababhali baseBritane: Baye bonwaba ngokuzibonwabisa ngokufunda iintsomi ezibi zaseJamani, ingqokelela ye "fantasmagorian", eyakhutshwa ngo-1812. Kumaphepha ale ncwadi babenelungelo ngamagqwirha, iziqalekiso kunye neziporho ezihlala kwizindlu ezishiyiweyo. Iphefumlelwe yimisebenzi yabanye ababhali, uGeorge Bayron wacela inkampani, nayo, zama ukuqamba inoveli kwi-geen gerere.
U-Byron utsala ibali malunga no-Agastistu Darwell kwidrafti, kodwa akazange avume le mbono ukuba nguJohn Pol Pollidori, obhale ibali malunga ne "vampire". UMary Shelly wagqiba kwelokuba aqonde amandla okudala kwaye aqambe inoveli malunga nososayensi eGeneva, owenza ubuyeyona nto iphilayo ivela kumcimbi ophilayo ovela kumcimbi ophilayo.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba icebo lemisebenzi ayisibali lenene. Nangona kunjalo, umbhali waphefumlelwa ngamabali malunga nethiyori ye-riverrich i-Gradrich Mesmer, owayesithi ngoncedo lwamandla omagnethi owodwa, uqhagamshelo lwe-telepathic lunokufakwa. Kwakhona, umbhali uphefumlele imbali yabahlobo be-buddies nge-gavanism.
Umbhali wayesaziwa ukuba inzululwazi uLuigi gagii, owayehlala eXviii kwinkulungwane, wasasaza isele kwilabhorator yakhe. Xa i-scalpel ichukumise umzimba wakhe, uNjingalwazi wabona ukuba izihlunu ezikumazantsi i-paws ijerk. U-Galvania wabizwa ngokuba le meko inombane wezilwanyana, kwaye umtshana wakhe Giovanni Allnini waqalisa ukubeka ezo nto kwimiduna yabantu, emangalisa esidlangalaleni.
Ukongeza, uMariya waphefumlelwa yinqaba yaseFrankenstein, efumaneka eJamani: Umbhali weva ngaye kwindlela eya eNgilani, xa wayeqhuba kwintlambo yaseRwine. Kwakrwada ukuba le ndawo iguqulwe ibe yilebhu ye-alchemical. Eminye imithombo yaphikisana ukuba iSayensi uJohann Komod Dippel wayehlala apha, owaba yiprototype kaGqr Frankenstein.
Ushicilelo lokuqala lwenoveli malunga nesayensi engaphangeli sabona ukukhanya kwikomkhulu le-United Kingdom ngo-1818. Incwadi engaziwayo enikezelwe ku-William Thiswin, abafundi 'ngokuzithandela, kodwa abagxeki boliko babhala uphononongo oluhle kakhulu. Ngo-1823, i-Romary yaseRomary Shelley yatshintshelwa kumdlalo weqonga kwaye iphumelele kubaphulaphuli. Amabinzana oonobumba abaphambili baba ziikowuti ezithandwayo.
I-bibgraphy kunye nomfanekiso weViktor Frankenstein
Ibali liqala uhambo lomphandi wesiNgesi we-Walton kwi-North Pole. Phakathi komkhenkce, iqela lenqanawa liqaphela abantu baseYurophu - Viktor Frankenstein. Ukufika kwakhe ekwenzeni inqanawa kunye nokulungiswa, iqhawe labelana ngembali kaWalton kwaye icacisa ukuba ingena njani kumda obandayo. Malunga neminyaka yokuqala kwi-biography yempawu, kuxelwa oku kulandelayo. Inkwenkwe yazalelwa kwintsapho ye-Aristoc yobuthixo eGeneva. Ukususela ebuntwaneni, umntwana wanyamalala kwithala leencwadi lekhaya, efumana ulwazi olufunyenwe ezincwadini.Ezandleni zakhe, kukho imisebenzi ye-paracelle, imibhalo yesandla se-Ackilsheim kunye neminye imisebenzi ye-Alchemists eyayiphupha ngokufumana ilitye lefilosofi elixabisekileyo, iguqula naziphi na izinyithi. Emva kokusweleka kukaMama uVictor uVictor, ebona izilangazelelo zembewu, wathumela umfana kwiDyunivesithi yase-Eite ye-Indolstadt.
Apha, i-frankenstein encinci yaqhubeka nokuqonda iziseko zesayensi. Ngokukodwa, phantsi kwempembelelo yotitshala wesayensi we-valdman wendalo, inzululwazi inomdla kwinokwenzeka yokudala into ephilayo evela. Ukuchitha iminyaka emibini kuphando, uphawu oluphambili lwenoveli lugqibe kwelokuba luphando lwayo olubi. Ukudala eyabo iHumculuulus, iqhawe ladityaniswa neenxalenye ezahlukeneyo zezidumbu zabantu. Xa isidalwa esikhulu saphila ebomini, esothuka uVictor wasaba kwilebhoratri yakhe.
Abalinganiswa abaphambili yiFrankenstein kunye nesilwanyana sayo esingenagama senza isibini esithile soMdali kunye nendalo yakhe. Ukuba sithetha ngenkolo yamaKristu, ukucutha kwakhona kwemiqathango ibonisa ukuba umntu akanakuthatha umsebenzi kaThixo kwaye akakwazi kwazi ngoncedo lwengqondo. Ukuzabalazela isayensi yokufumanisa okutsha kuyazifumana ububi obungakhange bubonwe ngaphambili: I-monster iyaqonda ubuntu bakhe kwaye izama ukuvumela uxanduva lweViktor Frankensten. Unjingalwazi oselula wayefuna ukudala ukungafi, kodwa ndiye ndaqonda ukuba ndiza kuthatha indlela ekhohlakeleyo.
UVictor wayenethemba lokuqalisa ubomi kwiphepha elicocekileyo, kodwa wafunda iindaba ezimbi: umntakwabo omncinci uWilliam wabulawa ngenkani. Amapolisa aqonda intombi yendlu yendlu kaFrankenstein, kuba ngexesha lokukhangela, intombazana yafumana i-lellion yomfi. Inkundla ithumele ingendonwabisanga kubuntu, kodwa uVictor uqikelela ukuba ulwaphulo-mthetho oluyinyani yayiyimonster ehlaziyiweyo. I-Monster yaqhubeka kwinyathelo elinjalo ngenxa yokuba wamthiya uMdali oshiye i-monster enembonakalo embi yedwa kwaye wamchukumisa ukuba angenzi nto ngaphandle kokungapheli.
Okulandelayo, i-monster ibulala i-henri rarseval, umhlobo ongcono kanzululwazi. Isizathu kukuba ukwala kukaVictor ukwenza umtshakazi wesilo esinenyama xa ebuza oogqirha ngayo. Unjingalwazi abonise ukuba iidemon ziphile kungekudala ezivela kumthandi onjalo, ngoko ke umvavanyi watshabalalisa umzimba obhinqileyo ngokuphikisa intiyo yendalo yakhe. I-Monster ayimi kwimpindezelo - kwangoko emva komtshato weVictor ku-Elizabeth Lawvere, inyikimisa umfazi kagqirha.
UVictor uxatyiwe kukufa kwentombazana yakhe ethandekayo, kwaye utata wakhe uza kufa kungekudala kwisifo sentliziyo. Sinqwenela usosayensi ophulukene nosapho, ukujonga ukuziphindezela kwindalo eyoyikisayo kwaye kuyandiyalela ekugxothweni. I-Giant ifihla kwiPole yaseNyakatho, apho ngenxa yamandla angaphakathi ancipha ngokulula abasukeli. Kumjikelo wokugqibela, uFrankenstein uyafa.
Viktor Frankenstein kwiifilimu
IRomary Mary Shelly yafumana idunyisiwe kakhulu kwaye yakhuselwa. Ngo-1931, umphathi-ntsapho uJames uza kukhupha ifilimu eyoyikisayo "iFrankenstein". Umfanekiso we-monster, odlalwa kwifilimu uBris Carlofoff, uthathwa njenge-canon. Umdlali weqonga kwakufuneka achithe ixesha elide kwigumbi lokunxiba, kuba indalo yegorha legorha lasala iiyure ezintathu.
Indima yesaziseko yenxuwa kwifilimu yafunyanwa yi-Actor Copive, eyayikhunjulwa ngamabinzana kwifilimu. Ekuqaleni, i-AMPUA MONSTER kunyaka we-1931 yayifanele ukwenza uBela Lugulushi, owakhunjulwa ngabaphulaphuli ngokomfanekiso kaDirala. Nangona kunjalo, umlingisi akafuni ukwenza ixesha elide, kwaye ngaphandle, le ndima yayingaphandle kwesicatshulwa. Ngo-1977, kwakhutshwa ifilimu yefilimu yeCalvina Floyd Floyn kwizikrini, kwaye ngo-1994 uluntu lubona uguqulelo lomlawuli weKenneth Banna.
Ngo-2015, uMlawuli we-Paul McGigan wavuyela ifilimu ngefilimu "Viktor Frankenstein", apho kuphoswa khona i-viktor-voble-fumanela i-brown-fumanela-no-andrew scott. UDaniel Radcliffe, owayekhunjulwa kwiifilimu malunga noHarry Potter, wakwazi ukuzalwa kwindima ye "Gerbun" Igor Straussman, apho i-actor ineenwele ezikhulayo.
Iinyani ezinomdla
- Ukudala umsebenzi ongaqondakaliyo unezibakala ezininzi ezinomdla, ngaphandle kwento yokuba icebo leencwadi yintsomi yobugcisa.
- I-Monster evela kuMersy Shelly ibizwa ngokuba yiFrankenstein, kodwa le yimpazamo, kuba uMbhali wencwadi akazange akuvumele ukudalwa kwegama lonke.
- UMary Shelley waphikisa ngelithi umbono womsebenzi nguye ephupheni. Ekuqaleni, umbhali, owayengakwazi ukucinga ibali elinomdla, laphakamisa ingxaki yokuyila. Kodwa kwisiqingatha sendlela, intombazana yabona i-monster yendoda iboshwe ngaphezulu komzimba, eyayingumqobo wokwenza inoveli.
Iikowuti
Ubomi babathuka kwaye bubambelela kuthi bomelele kunathi siyithiyile. Ke eyona nto ibalulekileyo kweyona nto imangalisayo yeyona nto imbi kakhulu. I-Suite idla ngokuthiya ngokungonwabisi.I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1816 - "Frankenstein, okanye i-prometheus yanamhlanje"
I-filmography
- Ngo-1931 - iFrankenstein
- Ngo-1943 - "UFrankenstein udibana ne-hulf ndoda"
- Ngo-1966 - "UFrankenstein wadala umfazi"
- Ngo-1974 - "Eastern Frankenstein"
- Ngo-1977 - "Viktor Frankenstein"
- Ngo-1990 - iFrankenstein ikhutshiwe
- 1994 - "Frankensten mary shilly"
- Ngo-2014 - "Mna, Frankenstein"
- Ngo-2015 - "Viktor Frankenstein"