Mbiri Yodziwika
Viktor Frankenstein - ngwazi ya buku la "Frankenstei, kapena Prometheus wamakono" wa wolemba Chingerezi a Mary Shell. Nkhani yowopsa yokhudza chilombo choopsa chakhala chipembedzocho ndipo linapereka chidwi m'chithunzichi m'mabuku ndi sinema. Wolemba adatha kudabwitsa kwambiri - chiwembucho chinakhala chosangalatsa komanso chowopsa. Bukulo limabweretsa mafunso azachikhalidwe ndi malingaliro, komanso mavuto a nzeru komanso zachipembedzo.Mbiri ya Chilengedwe
M'chilimwe cha 1816, a Driodot ku Villa adasonkhanitsidwa ndi olemba aku Britain, A George Naturori, Anhoni Polidori, nthawi ya ma Sheloli ndi zaka 18 Gervin (muukwati wa zaka 18). Amasangalala ndi nthano zowerenga nthano zoopsa za Germany, zopereka za "Fantalmagorian", zomwe zidatulutsidwa mu 1812. Pamasamba a bukuli anali ndi nkhani yokhudza mfiti, matemberero ndi mizukwa okhala m'nyumba zosiyidwa. Kuuziridwa ndi ntchito za olemba ena, George Bayron adapereka kampaniyo, nawonso, yesani kulemba bukuli mu mtundu wowopsa.
Byron anajambula nkhani yokhudza Augusto Darris pokonzekera, koma iye anakana lingaliro loti John Polidori, yemwe analemba nkhani yokhudza magazi otchedwa "vampire". A Mary Welly adaganizanso kuti azindikire zomwe wopanga angathe kuchita ndikulemba buku la asayansi ochokera ku Geneva, yemwe adalandira moyo wamoyo pa nkhani yakufa.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti chiwembucho sichinthu chodziwika bwino. Komabe, wolembayo adauzidwa ndi nkhani zokhudzana ndi chiphunzitso cha asing'anga waku Germany Frismat Friedrich Mesmer Mesmer Mesmer, omwe amalumikizana ndi mphamvu yapadera. Komanso wolembayo anauzira mbiri ya mabwana za Galvanism.
Wolemba adadziwika kuti wasayansiyu Luigi Galvani, yemwe amakhala ku Zaka za XVIII zaka za XVII, adagawa chule mu labotale yake. Scalpel idamukhudza thupi, pulofesayo adawona kuti minofu yazithunzi paws jerk. A Galvania anatcha chodabwitsachi ndi magetsi a nyama, ndipo m'bale wake Giovanni Aldini Aldini adayamba kuyesa mitembo ya anthu, modabwitsa.
Kuphatikiza apo, Mariya adauziridwa ndi Frankenstein Castle Sysele, yomwe ili ku Germany: wolemba adamva za iye kuchokera ku England kupita ku Switzer Riviere, atadutsa m'chigwa cha Rhine. Linali mphekesera kuti katunduyu adasinthidwa kukhala labotale yolimba. Magwero ena anati kuti wasayansi a Johann Konrade Pippel adakhala pano, yemwe adadzakhala prototype wa Dr. Frankenstein.
Buku Loyamba la The New Wasayakale lidawona kuwalako mu likulu la United Kingdom mu 1818. Buku lodziwika bwino lomwe linaperekedwa ku William Gorewin, owerenga 'owerenga mwakufuna, koma otsutsa zolembalemba adalemba ndemanga. Mu 1823, Roman Maria Shelley adasamutsidwira kumalo a zisudzo ndipo adapambana kwa omvera. Mawu a otchulidwa ambiri adayamba kulemba mawu.
Biography ndi chithunzi cha Viktor Frankenstein
Nkhaniyi imayamba ulendo wa wofufuza wa Chingerezi wa Walton ku North Pole. Pakati pa ayezi, gulu la sitimayo limazindikira kuti azungu otuwa - Viktor Frankenstein. Atafika ku board sitimayo ndi kukhazikika, ngwazi imagawana ndi mbiri ya Walton ndipo ikulongosola momwe adalowera m'mphepete. Zaka zoyambirira m'magawo azomwezo, zotsatirazi zanenedwa. Mnyamatayo anabadwira m'banja la Aristocratic ku Geneva. Kuyambira ndili mwana, mwanayo adazimiririka mulaibulale yakunyumba, natenga chidziwitso chomwe adapeza kuchokera m'mabuku.M'manja mwake, panali ma controcle anali ntchito za magrippes a Okonustist a ma netesiim ndi ntchito zina za alchemists omwe adalakalaka atapeza mwala wa alchesofi wafinya, kutembenuza zitsulo zilizonse zagolide. Atamwalira bambo wa Victor bambo, kuwona zofuna za mbadwa, zidatumiza mnyamata kupita ku Yunivesite ya imvulstadt.
Apa, Frankenstein anapitiliza kumvetsetsa zoyambira sayansi. Makamaka, mothandizidwa ndi mphunzitsi wa sayansi ya Valmanan, wasayansi, asayansi amafunitsitsa kuti apange chinthu chomwe chimakhala ndi moyo kuchokera ku nkhani yakufa. Atakhala zaka ziwiri pa kafukufukuyu, munthu wamkulu wa bukuli adaganiza pa kuyeserera kwake kowopsa. Kuti apange honunculus wawo, ngwaziyo anaphatikiza ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za mitembo ya anthu. Chuma chachikulu chikakhala ndi moyo, Wifennen Acvice adathawa labotale kuchokera ku labotale yake.
Omwe akutchulidwa kwambiri ndi a Frankenstein ndipo cholengedwa chake chosankha dzina chimapangitsa kuti Mlengi ndi Mlengi ndi chilengedwe chake. Ngati timalankhula za chipembedzo chachikristu, kuwerenganso kwa bukuli kukuwonetsa kuti munthu sangathe kugwira ntchito ya Mulungu ndipo sangathe kudziwa mothandizidwa ndi malingaliro. Asayansi akuyesetsa kuti apeze choyipa chatsopano: Chilombo chimadziwa za umunthu wake ndipo akufuna kupatsa udindo kwa Viktor Frankenstensten. Pulofesa wachichepere amafuna kuti apange imfa yaimfa, koma ndinazindikira kuti ndikanachita mwankhanza.
Victor ankakonda kuyamba moyo kuchokera pa pepala loyera, koma adaphunzira nkhani zoyipazi: Mkulu wake wa William adaphedwa mwankhanza. Apolisi anazindikira mdzakazi wa nyumba ya Frankenstein, chifukwa pofunafuna, mtsikanayo anapeza nyumba ya womwalirayo. Khotilo silinasangalale pa scaffrold, koma Victor Ganizirani kuti chigawenga chenicheni chinali chilombo chotsitsimutsidwa. Chilombocho chinapitirira panjira yotere chifukwa amadana ndi Mlengi yemwe adasiya chilombo omwe adasiya chilombocho ndi mawonekedwe oyipa okha ndikungomuona kuti ali ndi moyo wosasangalatsa komanso kuzunzidwa kwamuyaya kwa anthu.
Kenako, chilombocho chimapha chihebri cha Henri, bwenzi labwino kwambiri la wasayansi. Cholinga chake ndi kukana kwa a Victor kuti apange mkwatibwi wa chilombo chikafunsa madotolo za izi. Pulofesawo adapereka kuti ziwanda zimakhala moyo wondikonda kwambiri, motero woyesererayo adawononga thupi lachikazi podanamiza chidani cha chilengedwe chake. Chilombocho sichimasiya kubwezera - nthawi yomweyo ukwati wa Victor pa Elizabeta pa wa Elizabeti, zimagwedeza mkazi wa dokotala.
Wa Victor amakhudzidwa ndi imfa ya mtsikana wake wokondedwa, ndipo bambo ake adzafa chifukwa cha vuto la mtima. Tinakhumudwitsidwa kwasayansi yemwe adataya banja lake, kuyang'ana pakupanga chilengedwe chowopsa ndikumuthamangitsa. Chimphona chikubisalira kumpoto, pomwe chifukwa cha mphamvu ya munthu wa m'mimba imasiya kuchita chiwembu. Mu chimanga, Frankenstein amwalira.
Viktor Frankenstein m'mafilimu
Mariya aku Roma All adatchuka kwambiri ndipo adatetezedwa. Mu 1931, wotsogolera James adzamasula filimu yotchuka ya Horror "yodziwika bwino". Chithunzi cha chilombo, chomwe chimaseweredwa mufilimu ya Boris Carlofoff, amawerengedwa kuti ndi ovomerezeka. Wochita seweroli anayenera kukhala nthawi yayitali m'chipinda chovala, chifukwa kulenga kwa ngwazi zochokera kwa ojambula adatsala ndi maola atatu.
Udindo wa asayansi wamisala mufilimuyo udalandiridwa ndi Criver Coliver Clive, yemwe adakumbukiridwa ndi mawu a filimuyi. Poyamba, chilombocho cha AMPAA mu 1931 chikuyenera kugwira bela Lugoshi, yemwe adakumbukiridwa ndi omvera m'chifanizo cha Dracula. Komabe, wochita sewero sanafune kupanga kwa nthawi yayitali, komanso pambali pake, ntchitoyi inali yopanda mawu. Mu 1977, kanemayo adauziridwa ndi kanema wa Calvina Floyd adatulutsidwa pazithunzi, ndipo mu 1994 anthu adawona mtundu wa Kenneth Barna.
Mu 2015, woyang'anira Paulo McGgigan adakondwera ndi filimuyo "Viktor Frankenstein", komwe adaponya bwino kwambiri: James McAwa, Bronsto Dyble ndi Andrew Scott Daniel Radcliffe, amene anakumbukiridwa pamafilimu onena za Harry Potter, anatha kubadwa mu udindo wa "nthonda" igor strausman, komwe wosewerayo wakhwima tsitsi lopanga.
Zosangalatsa
- Kupanga ntchito yachinsinsi kumakhala ndi mfundo zambiri zosangalatsa, ngakhale kuti chiwembuchi ndi nthano yaukadaulo.
- Chilombo chochokera ku Roma cha Chiroma chimatchedwa Frankenstein, koma ichi ndi cholakwika, chifukwa wolemba bukulo sanatembere chilengedwe ndi dzina lililonse.
- A Mary Shelley adanena kuti lingaliro la ntchitoyo linali kwa iye m'maloto. Poyamba, wolemba, yemwe sakanakhoza ngakhalebe nkhani yosangalatsa, adayamba kupanga mavuto. Koma pang'ono pang'ono, mtsikanayo adawona chilombo cha munthu chimakhala ndi chilombocho, chomwe chinali chiwonetsero cha kupanga buku.
Mawu
Moyo wauma ndikumatira kwa ife olimba kuposa momwe timadana nafe. Kenako zoyipa zotchuka kwambiri pa zovuta zowopsa kwambiri. Suiite imakonda kudana.M'bali
- 1816 - "Frankenstein, kapena Prometheus wamakono"
Kafukufuku
- 1931 - Frankenstein
- 1943 - "Frankenstein akumana ndi munthu-nkhandwe"
- 1966 - "Frankenstein adalenga mkazi"
- 1974 - "Frankenstenstein"
- 1977 - "Viktor Frankenstein"
- 1990 - Frankenstein adamasulidwa
- 1994 - "Frankenstein Mary Shell Shell Shell"
- 2014 - "Ine, Frankenstein"
- 2015 - "Viktor Frankenstein"