Ubuzima
Kim Il Mutagatifu niwe washinze Leta ya Koreya ya Ruguru ya Koreya, Perezida w'iteka wa DPRK, Jeneli Pissimus. Munsi yubuzima na nyuma y'urupfu, ni nyiri umutwe "Umuyobozi ukomeye wa Comrade Kim Il Mutagatifu". Noneho Koreya ya Ruguru iyobowe n'Umwuzukuru wa Perezida wa mbere Kim Jong Yun, nubwo mubyukuri umuyobozi akomeza kuba Kim Il Sen (mu 1994 yafashwe umwanzuro wo kuva mu nyandiko inyuma y'umuyobozi w'iteka ryose).
Imyitwarire ya kamere igaruwe hafi ya Kim Ine Inyanja n'abayobozi bakurikiyeho Koreya, bisa n'umugano wa Joseph Stalin muri USSR. Gusenga kwa kamere byakozwe Kim il Sen Hedgehog muri Koreya ya Ruguru, kandi igihugu ubwacyo ni kimwe mu bifunze cyane ku isi.
Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Biografiya Kim Ide I SENA igizwe nimigani itandukanye. Biragoye kugena ibyabaye mu ntangiriro yubuzima bwaho ejo hazaza h'umuyobozi ukomeye wa koreya yabaturage. Birazwi ko Kim Umuhungu Zhu yavutse ku ya 15 Mata 1912 mu mudugudu wa Namnie Copheon Cocker Cocker Codon (ubungu) hafi ya Pyongyang. Padiri Kim Umuhungu Zhu - Umwarimu wo mucyaro Kim Hyun Zhik. Raporo zimwe na zimwe zabuza umutobe, nk'uko umukobwa w'umuherezabitambo w'abaporotesitanti. Umuryango wabaga nabi. Amakuru amwe avuga ko Kim Hyun Zhik na Kan babuza umutobe wari ugizwe no kugenda kwa Koreya yigaruriwe n'Ubuyapani.
Mu 1920, umuryango Kim Umuhungu Zhu yimukiye mu Bushinwa. Umuhungu yagiye mu ishuri ry'Abashinwa. Mu 1926, papa, Kim Hyun Zhik, yarapfuye. Kujya mucyiciro cyakuru, Kim Umuhungu Zhu yinjiye mu ruziga rwa marxist yo mu kuzimu. Nyuma yo gutangaza umuryango mu 1929 yaguye mu tubari. Muri gereza, namaze igice cy'umwaka. Kuva muri gereza, Kim Umuhungu Zhu yabaye umunyamuryango wo kurwanya antiapon mu Bushinwa. Imyaka 20 mu 1932 yerekeje ikipe ya antiapon. Hanyuma afata alias Kim Kim Saint (Kuzamuka izuba).
Politiki n'Umwuga wa Gisirikare
Umwuga wa gisirikare wahise ujya ku musozi. Mu 1934, Kim Il Mutagatifu yategetse igipambo cy'ingabo z'Abapiyen. Mu 1936, yabaye umugaba w'imiterere ya Parsan, yitwa "Divijisiyo Kim Il Sena". Ku ya 4 Kamena 1937, yayoboye igitero ku mujyi w'ubuhembe bw'Abanyakoreya. Muri icyo gitero, inyandiko ya Gendarm n'ingingo zimwe z'ubuyobozi z'Abayapani barimbutse. Igitero cyagenze neza cyasobanuwe Kim Il Sena nkumwanda watsinze.
Mu gihe cya 1940-1945, ejo hazaza umuyobozi wa Koreya ya Ruguru yategetse icyerekezo cya 2 cy'ingabo za 1 z'abaturage. Mu 1940, ingabo z'Abayapani zashoboye guhagarika ibikorwa by'abariba benshi ba Persand muri Manchuria. Cominerter (ishyirahamwe rihuza amashyaka ya gikomunisiti mu bihugu bitandukanye) yasabye kwimura ibibanza by'Abanyakoreya na Abashinwa bo mu Bushinwa muri Ussr. Abapisani Kim Il Sena yari ashingiye munsi ya Usuri. Mu mpeshyi yo mu 1941, Kim Il Mutagatifu hamwe n'umutwe muto wambutse umupaka w'Ubushinwa maze akora ibikorwa byinshi bya antiapon.
Mu mpeshyi yo mu 1942, Kim Il Mutagatifu yakiriwe muri RKKKA (abakozi b'umutungo w'impu z'inyamanswa) mu izina "Comrade Jing Libe Cheng" kandi yagizwe umuyobozi wa Batalion ya 1 ya 18 ya barigade. Brigade yari igizwe n'abarwanyi ba koreya n'abashinwa. Batalion ya 1 igizwe ahanini n'abayobozi b'Abanyakoreya. Kim Il Mutagatifu, hamwe n'umuyobozi wa Brigade ya 88, Zhou Baochny yahuye n'umuyobozi w'ingabo z'Abasoviyeti mu burasirazuba bwa Josvifisiye Feli Pasesso.
Kubera iyo nama, hafashwe icyemezo cyo gushyiraho ingabo z'amahanga zihuriweho. Ubumwe bwashyizwe mu byiciro, ishingiro rya Kim Il Sene munsi ya Usuriovsky yimuriwe i Khabarovsk, mu mudugudu wa Vyatkaya. Muri dortoir ya gisirikare, umudugudu wabayeho mu mahuhuriro menshi azaza Kim Il Sena mu ishyaka. Burigade ya 88 yateguraga Sabotage Ibikorwa bya Persan mu Buyapani. Nyuma yo gutanga Ubuyapani, Burigade yasheshwe. Kim Il Mutagatifu, hamwe n'abandi ba komanda ya koreya, boherejwe gufasha abayobozi b'Abanyagoweliya mu mijyi y'Abanyakoreya no mu Bushinwa. Umuyobozi w'Abanyakoreya yashyizweho n'umufasha Commedian Pyongyang.
Ku ya 14 Ukwakira 1945, Kim Il Mutagatifu yavuze ko imvugo ishimishije mu rwego rwo kubaha ingabo zitukura mu gihirahiro kuri stade ya P0yang. Kapiteni Rkkka Kim Il Sadna Umuyobozi w'ingabo za 25, Coloneli-Rusange Ivan MikhaiaGovh Chistyakov yashyikirije nk '"intwari y'igihugu." Abantu bamenye izina ryintwari nshya. Yatangiye inzira yihuse yo guhimba Kim il indirimbo kububasha. Ukuboza 1946, Kim Is, Umuyobozi wa Biro ya Gutunganya Ishyaka rya gikomunisiti rya Koreya ya Ruguru. Umwaka umwe, yerekeje komite y'abaturage b'igihe gito. Mu 1948, Kim Il Sen yatorewe umuyobozi w'umuyobozi w'Abaminisitiri w'abakozi ba DPRK.
Mu cyemezo cy'inama ya Potsdam mu 1945, Koreya yagabanijwemo ibice bibiri by'ibiringanijwe. Igice cyo mu majyaruguru cyatewe na USSR, n'amajyepfo - bitwawe n'ingabo zabanyamerika. Mu 1948, indirimbo yo muri Koreya yepfo yari Umwana w'umuntu. Amajyaruguru na Koreya yepfo bakoze ibirego kuburyo gahunda zabo zonyine. Ku ruhande rw'umuryango wa koreya, intambara yari ifite inzoka. Icyemezo cya nyuma cyo gutangira imirwano, ku bitekerezo by'abari mu by'amateka, byakorewe mu ruzinduko rwa Kim Il Sena kugera Moscou mu 1950.
Intambara hagati ya Koreya y'Amajyaruguru na Koreya yepfo yatangiye ku ya 25 Kamena 1950 n'ikitero gitunguranye cya Pyongyang. Kim Il Mutagatifu yafashe umwanya wa komanda. Intambara yamaze gutsinda inyundo z'ababuranyi batavuga rumwe kugeza ku ya 27 Nyakanga 1953, ubwo amasezerano yahagaritswe. Pyongyang yagumye ayobowe na GSSR, na Seoul - Amerika. Amasezerano y'amahoro hagati ya Koreya y'Amajyaruguru na Koreya yepfo ntabwo yashyizweho umukono kugeza na n'ubu. Intambara yo muri Peninsula yo muri Koreya yabaye amakimbirane ya mbere y'intambara y'ubutita. Nkurikije imideli ye, amakimbirane aho yose hamwe no kuba inyuma ahari ingabo z'isi.
Nyuma ya 1953, ubukungu bwa DPRK, bushyigikiwe na Moscou na Beijing, batangiye kuzamuka vuba. Kuva mu ntangiriro z'amakimbirane y'Abasoviyeti, Kim IL Il Sayna yagombaga kwerekana imico ya diplomasi, amaze kwigira hagati y'Ubushinwa na USSR. Umuyobozi yagerageje kubungabunga Politiki yo kutabogama hamwe n'ababuranyi bavuguruzanya, asiga ubukungu bwa DPRK ku rwego rumwe. Inganda ziganje kuri sisitemu ya Tzanskaya, bisobanura kubura imigezi n'ibiyobyabwenge.
Gutegura igihugu cy'umurima gikorerwa hagati. Ihuriro bwite mu mategeko kandi rirasenywa. Igikorwa c'igihugu kiyobowe n'ibikenewe by'inganda z'inganda. Umubare w'abaturage ba Koreya wageze ku bantu miliyoni 1. Mu ntangiriro za 70, ubukungu bwa DPRK yinjiye mu gihe cyo guhagarara, imibereho y'abaturage yari myinshi. Kugira ngo abayobozi bashishikarize mu gihugu, abayobozi bashimangiye gushimangira gutunganya abaturage no kugenzura burundu.
Mu 1972, uwasezeranye kwa minisitiri w'intebe yakuweho. Kuri Kim Il Sena, umwanya wa Perezida wa DPRK. Abagize ako gatsiko k'idini kamere Kim Il Sena yatangiye iterambere mu 1946, igihe amafoto y'umuyobozi rwagiye rusubikwa iruhande Carl Marx ABANTU, Friedrich Engels, Vladimir Lenin na Joseph Staline ahantu aho mitingi no mu materaniro yabereye.
Urwibutso rwa mbere rw'umuyobozi wa Koreya ya ruguru rwatanzwe mu buzima, mu 1949. Kuramya gusenga "umuyobozi ukomeye Kim Il Il Sayne" yageze muri 60 arakomeza kugeza ubu. Umuyobozi wa DPRK mu buzima bwe yakiriye izina "konza ya Repubulika." Ibicuruzwa byimibereho muri koreya byateje siyansi nshya "kwiga abatware b'ubuko bw'impinduramatwara", ni bwo bushakashatsi uruhare rw'umuyobozi mu mateka y'isi.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu 1935, muri Manchuria, umuyobozi ukomeye uzaza yahuye numukobwa wumuhinzi ukennye kuva muri Koreya ya Rumuke Kim Chen Suk. Kuva ku ya 25 Mata 1937, Kim Jong Sun yakoraga mu rwego rw'abaturage ba Koreya iyobowe na Kim Il Sen. Ubukwe bw'Abakomote cy'Abanyakoreya bwabereye mu 1940. Mu mudugudu wa Vyatka munsi ya Khabarovsk, umuhungu yavutse - Kim Jong Il. Ukurikije amakuru amwe, umuhungu mugitangiriro cyubuzima yitwa Yuri.
Kim Chen Suk yapfiriye akivuka ku ya 31 Nzeri 1949 afite imyaka 31. Kim Il Saint burundu yagumanye kwibuka kim chen suk. Mu 1972, umugore yahawe nyuma y'ibyatanzwe n'intwari y'intwari ya Koreya.
Umugore wa kabiri w'Umuyobozi wa Koreya mu 1952 yari umunyamabanga wa Kim umuhungu e. Abana Kim Il, Kim Mam Il, Kim Piong Ile, Umukobwa Kim amanika Hee na Kim Kaiong-Jean Kainong-Jean.
Urupfu
Ku ya 8 Nyakanga 1994, Kim Il Sen yapfuye azize indwara y'umutima afite imyaka 82. Kuva hagati ya 80, umuyobozi wa Koreya ya Ruguru yarwaye ikibyimba. Ku ifoto y'icyo gihe, amasoko y'amagufwa ku ijosi ry'umuyobozi aragaragara. Icyunamo ku muyobozi yamaze imyaka itatu imyaka itatu. Imbaraga Nyuma yuko umucuruzi yimukiye kumuhungu w'imfura Kim Il Sena - Kim Jong Iru.
Nyuma y'urupfu rwa Kim Ine Ipane, umurambo w'umuyobozi washyizwe muri Sarcofagus mu mucyo kandi iherereye mu ngoro y'urwibutso rwa KHõmusan y'izuba. Mausoleum Kim IL Se wabo na Perezida wa kabiri wa Koreya Kim IRA igizwe n'ingeso imwe hamwe n'irimbi z'urwibutso. Umubiri wa Mama Kim IL wa Sen n'umugore we wa mbere burimo buruhukira ku irimbi. Urwibutso rwitabira abaturage ibihumbi ba Koreya no mu bindi bihugu. Mu ngoro za Kamusan, abashyitsi babona ibintu by'Umuyobozi, imodoka ye n'imodoka nziza cyanemo Kim Il Saint yakoze.
Kwibuka
Kwibuka Kim Il Siena ntibipfa muri Koreya ya Ruguru n'amazina y'umuhanda, kaminuza na Square hagati muri Pyongyang. Buri mwaka Abanyakoreya bishimira umunsi w'izuba, bitangiye isabukuru ya Kim Il Sen. Tegeka Kim Il Sena ni igihembo nyamukuru mu gihugu. Mu 1978, fagitire zishushanyijeho ishusho ya Kim Il Siena. Kurekura bimaze kugeza 2002.
Ku isabukuru ya mirongo irindwi umuyobozi muri Pyongyang, kubaka byafunguwe kabiri mu burebure - uruhande rwibumba ruva muri Granite z'uburebure bwa metero 170. Urwibutso rwitwa "urwibutso rw'igitekerezo cya Juche". Juche - Igitekerezo cy'Abakokoniya mu Gihugu cya Koreya (Marxism, cyahujwe n'abaturage ba koreya).
Ahantu hose muri Koreya ya Ruguru, yigeze gusura Kim Il Muratagatifu, arangwa n'umurage wUrwibutso maze atangaza umurage w'igihugu. Igikorwa cyumuyobozi gisubirwamo inshuro nyinshi kandi biganwa mumashuri no mumashuri makuru. Amagambo yavuye mubikorwa bya Kim Ire mu mutwe wafashwe mu mutwe nigikorwa cyo kugenzura umurimo mumateraniro.
Ibihembo
- Intwari ya DPRK (Inshuro eshatu)
- Intwari Umurimo DPRK
- Gahunda ya banner itukura (DPRK)
- Gahunda yinyenyeri ya zahabu (DPRK)
- Gutumiza Charles Marx.
- Gahunda ya lenin
- Tegeka "Intsinzi y'Ubusesiyalisiti"
- Urutonde rwa Clement Gotalda
- Urutonde rwibendera rya leta
- Gahunda y "ubwisanzure n'ubwigenge" i dogere