Chiphunzitso
A John Von Neamun - wasayansi wotchuka komanso ophunzira omwe amaphunzira m'masamu, sayansi, chuma, mawerengero, ziwerengero zamankhwala ndi magwiridwe antchito. Wolemba ntchito 150 adasandulika upainiya kuti agwiritse ntchito ziphunzitso zamakina ndi chithunzi chapakati pakukula kwa ma cellular dropeatia, ndipo wopanga digito. Monga membala wa polojekiti ya Manhattan, von Neumnov adapanga mitundu ya masamu zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'bwalo la nyukiliya, ndipo pambuyo pake lidakhala kalamina ku gulu lomwe likuwunika gulu la boma likuwunika.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Munthu amene amazidziwa bwino United Nations m'munda wa John Von Neon Neum Neuuman, adabadwa pa Disembala 28, 1903 ku Hungary, Badapest, m'banja lachiyuda lolemera. Abambo A Max Neuman, dokotala wa kulamulira, amagwira ntchito kubanki, ndipo margaret Can Cannwo adatsogolera famu ndikulera ana atatu. Wasayansi wamtsogolo kulephera chibayo anaonetsa mbiri yabwino: Mu m'badwo wa 6 adagawanika ndi kuchulukitsa m'malingaliro ake ndikulankhula m'Chigiriki wakale.
Mukalandira maphunziro oyamba ochokera ku Rover, mnyamatayo adakumana ndi njira zosiyanasiyana komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kokwanira ndipo adaphunzira mabuku angapo a mbiri ya Wilhelm. Von NeuumAnan anali ndi zaka 10, makolowo adamtumiza ku sukulu ya Budapest yambiri ya Budast, yomwe idapanga m'badwo umodzi wamalingaliro akulu, ndipo olembetsa akhama azilimbikitsidwa kuti achuluke ndi kulimbikitsa chidziwitso cha Mwana.
Pofika zaka 19, mnyamatayo adapereka buku lomwe malembedwe osiyanasiyana adapereka, adasinthitsa mawu a George Kantor, ndipo adapambana mphotho ya aötvösös. Abambo amasangalala ndi malingaliro achichepere a Nytsan, koma sanawone momwe amadziwiramo. Kudziletsa, mnyamatayo adavomera kukhala injiniya wa chemist ndipo waphunzira zinthu zofunika ku University of Berlin kwa zaka ziwiri. Mu 1923 adalowa sukulu yapamwamba ya Zurich, pomwe nthawi yomweyo amakhala woyenera kusamalira sayansi ya masamu ku Elte.
Nditamaliza maphunziro awo onse ophunzitsa onse, bambo wachichepereyo anapitiliza kukonza mayeso a pasukulu ya George-Augustus, adalandira maphunziro a David Hillidean geometry ndikupanga a kusanthula kogwira ntchito.
Mu 1926, von neumanov adalandira digiri ya udokotala mu masamu ndikukakhala mphunzitsi wa Berlin University. Poyerekeza ndi chithunzicho, aphunzitsi a novice omwe amakwanira ku koleji ndi makalasi a Dermani, amakhala pa bolodi yophimbidwa ndi njira. Pakutha kwa chaka cha 1929, pulofesa wachichepere-wachichepere wogwirizana ndi asayansi afalitsa nkhani za asayansi 32 ndipo anasamukira ku gulu la malo ophunzitsira kwambiri mu mzinda wa Princeton, United States, komwe amagwira mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo wake.
Ntchito Yasayansi
Ophunzira akulu akulu nen neumunna adakhala ma distication omwe akufotokozera njira yatsopano yosinthira chiphunzitso cha zigawo. Wasayansi adapanga njira ziwiri zochotsera Russell Modedox, kudziwitsa mawu akuti "Base axiom" ndi "kalasi".
Dead Axiom amatanthauza kapangidwe ka zinthu kuchokera pansi ndi bungwe lazomwe zimatsatiridwa, komwe mawonekedwe aliwonse adalipo ena kapena adazitsatira. Kuti muwonetse kuti kusagwirizana ndi kutsutsana, Yohane adagwiritsa ntchito njira ya njira yamkati, yomwe idakhala chida chofunikira pantchito yomwe ingachitike.
Kufotokozera njira yachiwiri, kupatula kwa masamu a Pamusox Von Neumunn adazindikira kuti akhazikitsidwa ndi lingaliro la kalasi ndikuwonetsa mwayi womanga gulu la ziweto zomwe sizili za nkhondo.
M'nkhaniyi idasulidwa kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1920s, von Neuumn adadzipatula popereka chiphunzitso cha Ergodic, kenako ndikuwoloka mafunso am'malingaliro ndi kulungamitsidwa kwake masamu. Adalemba nkhani zingapo zasayansi m'derali ndikutsimikizira kuti mabungwe a sayansi sikuti ndi chinthu chokhacho, pomwe ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amapezeka, amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu wamba.
Umboni wa von Neumanin unayambitsa maphunziro a maphunzirowo kuti avomereze fifitini yomwe ikufunika lingaliro la zenizeni, kapena kuphatikizira kulibe malingaliro a chinsinsi cha chiyanjano chapadera.
Kukangana pa Masamu Masalikami, John Von Neumannnn adasanthula chiphunzitso chotchedwa momwe chilengedwe chonsecho chikhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa chilengedwe chonse.
Izi zidapangitsa kuti wofufuzayo atsegule mfundo zofunika kwambiri za kusanthula kogwiritsa ntchito, kupangidwa kwa lingaliro la ogwiritsa ntchito ndi kukhazikitsa lingaliro la "lolunjika la John kukhala mphotho ya Boachra mu 1938.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zambiri za masamu wa ku Hungary unali umboni wa "Minimax Theramm", chinthu chofunikira cha malingaliro omwe akutuluka. Wasayansi anamvetsetsa kuti njira ziwiri zinali zamasewera a Suro, zomwe aliyense amatenga nawo mbali kuti achepetse kutaya kwawo kwakukulu. Wosewera ayenera kufotokozera zomwe zidalipo ndikusewera njira yoyenera yomwe idzakhala yoyang'anira kuchepetsa kutaya kwake kwakukulu.
Pakati pa 1937 ndi 1939, nen Neuman adaphunzira chiphunzitso cha ma lalatices, pomwe chinthu chophunzirira chidakhazikitsidwa pang'ono, zomwe zili pamwamba kwambiri, ndipo munjira yake idawonetsa izi.
Kuphatikiza apo, von Neumunn adalowa chifukwa chachuma, adasindikiza ntchito pa njira zanzeru komanso masamu. Kudalira zotsatira zake, John adapanga chiphunzitso chambiri mu pulogalamu yoyimira ndikukhala wolemba wa njira yoyamba yamkati, kutengera dongosolo la kunyada.
Mgwirizano wina wa John Von Von Nyaman amawerengedwa kuti ndi ntchito yomwe ili mu sayansi ya makompyuta, yoperekedwa ku chilengedwe ndi malo okumbukika, kusinthasintha kwa makompyuta. Kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta oyamba m'badwo, John, mogwirizana ndi Alandu kutembenuka, adafufuza zovuta za nzeru za anzeru, koma pankhaniyi sizinali kutali kwambiri.
Mu hydrodynamics yayikulu yopangidwa, maziko a Neamanian amadziwika kuti ndikuwoneka kuti akuwoneka kuti algorithm algorithm, omwe adathandizira kuti amvetsetse zodabwitsazi. Wasayansi adatsegula njira yoyendera yapamwamba ndikugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta a makompyuta a kafukufuku wopezeka paderali.
Kuyambira chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1930, John adakhala katswiri wamkulu mu masamu a milandu yankhondo yayikulu, adalangiza magulu ankhondo a United States. Pokhala m'modzi mwa opanga atomiki, wasayansi adapanga lingaliro ndi kapangidwe ka magulu ophulika omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyerekeza ndi zigawo za Plutonionium ya chida, omwe adagwetsedwa posachedwa pa Hiroshima ndi Nagasiaki.
Monga membala wa polojekiti ya Manhattan, Von Neumunn adalowa mu komitiyo posankha zolinga za atomiki ndi zigawo zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kunenedweratu kwa kuphulika ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu akufa. Masamu a masamu, omwe sanatchule tsambali ndi mbiri yochititsa manyazi, idakhala yowona mayeso oyambirirawo pamtunda pafupi ndi Alamogordome dzina la CODeether "Utatu".
Pakati pa 1940s, John adathandizira lingaliro la bomba la bomba la hydrogen ndipo, limodzi ndi phula la chinsinsi, patent ya chinsinsi yomwe idasungidwa patency yofananira ndi nyukiliya.
Mu pambuyo pa nkhondo, von Neuum adapanga mlangizi powunikira maboma omwe amagwira ntchito m'boma, asitikali ndi cia. Mu 1955, wasayansi adakhala woyang'anira ndale ndipo adatenga nawo gawo popanga mabomba a haidrojeni oyenera mayendedwe pa mikwingwirima ya ziweto.
Moyo Wanu
Mu 1930, Yohane anavomereza Chikatolika ndipo anakwatira mkazi wake msungwana dzina lake Marietta Köwosi, yemwe ankaphunzira zachuma ku University of Budapest. Mu 1935, awiriwo anali ndi mwana wamkazi Marina, yemwe amakhala pulofesa wazamalonda komanso mfundo za boma ku Michigan. Pakupita ku Amayi, Neon Nemunn adatengedwa ndi Claran Dan Dan, posakhalitsa adatenga malo a Con Dani a Masamu ndipo mu 1938 adakhala mkazi wake wachiwiri.
Banja latsopanolo lidasamukira ku Princeton ndikukhazikika ku Cic Estate, yomwe ili pafupi ndi sukulu ya pulaimale ya Park Communi, kukhala pakati pa gulu la maphunziro a tawuni ya University.
Wasayansi amakhala pa miyendo yolima, amasamala kwambiri maonekedwe okongola komanso kunyumba ankakonda zakudya zokoma ndi zakumwa zamtengo wapatali. Chosangalatsa chakuti, kugwira ntchito kunyumba, von neumunn adayatsa TV konse ndikusokoneza ma pozungulira. Albert Einstein mnzake amadandaula za nyimbo zaphokoso zaphokoso, kubwera kuchokera kwa kamulungu.
Kuphatikiza apo, katswiriyu amapeza mbiri ngati driver woyipa yemwe amalolera kuti aziwerenga bukulo poyendetsa galimoto. Izi zinakwiyitsa pangozi zingapo komanso zopitilira malire ndi apolisi amsewu.
Imfa
Mavuto azaumoyo ku Nimanana adayamba mu 1954, pomwe madotolo adapeza khansa yamafupa. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa sizikudziwika, koma zojambulajambula za Biograps zimadziwika kuti chotupa chitha kuchititsa kuti ntchito ikhale yogwira ntchito pankhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse lapansi.
Zaka zomaliza ndi miyezi yambiri ya moyo wa ku Hungarymasic of the Hungary idapitilirabe mu chizunzo chokhudzana ndi kubwereza matendawa. M'nyengo yozizira, 1957, matenda a Neumanin adauza kuchipatala mwachangu, koma chithandizo sichinathandize, ndipo pa February 8, wasayansi anafa ku Walter Reed Center. Choyambitsa imfa chinali chotupa cha mafupa a mafupa a mafupa.