Tari
Ivan Ivanovich Petskaya, mai ba da shawara mai ba da shawara ga Ekaterina II, shi ne lokacin da aka saba ɗan Ivan Yurevich Trobetsky. Yaron da aka haife shi ne a ranar 3 ga Fabrairu, 1704 a babban birnin kasar Sweden a wancan lokacin da aka kama mahaifinsa bayan gazawar yakin kurkukun soja a kan Swedes. Mahaifiyar Petsky ta yi zargin ya zama babban lahani, amma wasu kafofin suna nuna wani suna daban - countess Sparrre. A nan gaba, sunan Ivan Ivanovich zai danganta shi da Ubansa ne kawai game da mahaifiyar babu wasu hanyoyin samun bayanai na baya.
Saurayin ya sami kyakkyawan ilimin Sweden a karkashin kulawar mahaifinsa. Kuma a cikin balafar da aka aika zuwa ga yanayin Danish na Danish, wanda ya ƙare tare da mafi girman alamomi. Tashin rauni, wanda aka samu a harkokin dattawa, ya sa gicciye a aikin sojan sa.
Bayan tashi daga Yarima Tretboy zuwa ga mahaifarsa a 1718, Matasan Statka suna ilmantarwa a Turai, sannan kuma tafiya da yawa, samun kwarewa. Akwai bayanan da ya yi nazarin kimiyyar da ayyukan masu siyar da Faransanci kai tsaye a babban birnin Faransa, da kuma a Leipzig. Saurayi mai ban mamaki, wanda ya dace da yawancin harsunan waje da yawa, ya lura da sarkin mawuyacin sakatariyarsa a matsayin jakadan Rasha.
Shekarun farko na sabis a Rasha
Yana da shekara 22, Ivan Ivanovich an fassara shi zuwa Rasha bisa gayyatar mahaifinsa, wanda ya ba shi wurin sakataren Sakatare. Sabuwar nauyi na Betsy ya hada da wasika da jami'an gwamnati. A hankali, godiya ga taimakon Yarima Trobetsinky, Ivan ya yi aiki mai kyau a Kwalejin soja, sannan kuma a kwamitin harkokin waje.
A cewar umarni na jihohi, fetskaya yana motsa sau da yawa a ƙasashen waje. A yayin waɗannan tafiye-tafiye, ya ziyarci Jamus, Austria, inda ya sami masaniya tare da mahaifiyar ta gaba ta Rasha. Sun yi magana na dogon lokaci, da ni'imar Juhan da bata wa 'yarta, me yasa masana tarihi suka yi imani cewa Ivan Ivanovich ya zama mahaifar Catarina II.
A wannan lokacin, Fetskaya converges tare da Antakiya Kashemir, babban diflomasiyya mai girma, a karkashinsa Tiriyar Duniyar Ivan Ivanovich ya yi yawa. Daga baya, Fetskaya za ta shiga kungiyar ta gādo domin sarautar Anna Anna John kuma zai yi alama, tare da Kanetir da kuma masu goyon baya sun nemi su zo kursiyin. A cikin 1733, Bezzka za su karɓi taken manyan, sannan kuma Cirtar Kanar.
Godiya ga kare mahaifinsa, da 'yar Trobetansky, wanda ya auri Yarima Erizabeth II. A cikin matsayin Janar na Adjutant Ivanovanovich sake tafiya zuwa tafiya zuwa Turai kuma ya koma Rasha a 1740.
Catherine II da Peter III
Daga 1742 zuwa 1747, Ivan Ivanovich ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'aurata a ƙarƙashin Duke Uchich, wanda kuma daga baya zai zama Sarkin Peter III, mijinta Catherine II. Da ilimi a cikin ruhun masu sassaucin ra'ayi, karanta daga Petska, ba sa son dandano na Shugaba A.p. Bestuzhevo-rumin kuma an cire shi daga yadi na ajii. Ivan Ivanovich ya karbi murabus din kuma ya sake tafiya zuwa Turai.
A cikin ƙasashe kamar Holland, Jamus, Faransa da Italiya, ɗan ƙasa ya ziyarci cibiyoyin ilimi, ya ziyarci salon farko na zamanin Misis Joffrene, da wallafe-wallafen Paris. Abokai sun zama Grimmm, Voltaire, DoTro, RousSeau. Ivan Ivanovich shekaru 15 dauke da tasirin ci gaba na lokacin, wanda ya zo cikin hannu a Rasha.
1762 ya kama behin a babban birnin Austria. Kawo a cikin Petersburg, nan da nan ya ba shi tsari na Alexander Nevsky. An kafa shi ne cewa Catarina II, Ivan Ivanovich bai shiga ba. Duk da mai juyayin sa, Peter Iii, popress ganye beetky a kotu kuma yana sa mana manajan sabon rukunin, wanda ji gine-ginen da wuraren shakatawa na Sarauniya. Daga wannan lokacin, sabon mataki yana farawa a cikin tarihin rayuwar tamanin.
Academy of Arts
Abu na farko da aka danƙa zuwa BeeSousome Catherine II, shine ƙungiyar makarantar Arts, wacce aka canza ta cikin Cibiyar Abokan aiki a 1762. Bezzka don aikinsa ya dauki nauyin kariyarsa da dukkan dogaro a kan tsibirin VasilyEvsky, babban jami'in wanda majalisar ta nada ta fursunoni.
Kalmar karatu a makarantar kimiyya shekara shida ce, bayan haka, bisa ga gwajin, ɗaliban suka yi kyau sun tafi wajen horarwa zuwa Turai. Ivan Ivanovich kansa kansa ya yanka mai kwakwalwarsa kuma ya dauki ikon sarrafa wasu ɗalibai musamman. Bayan kammala karatun daga shugabancinsa, ya bar makarantar makarantar dukkanin laburare da aka tattara fiye da shekaru 30, kazalika da tattara zane-zane da zane-zane.
Tattaunawa
A cikin layi daya tare da hukumar ah Betskaya ta zama babban mahimmancin sake fasalin ilimi a Rasha. Appleauki tunaninsa da ra'ayoyinsa na koyarwa a cikin magungunan "gabaɗaya kafa na gaba ɗaya akan ilimi na kalami."
Manufar ilimi a cikin cibiyoyi na musamman da ya kafa ƙirƙirar sabon irin mutane, aji na uku, wanda ta hanyar iyalinsa da 'ya'yansu na uku za su jawo hankalin danginsu da adalci. Kuna iya tuna ɗaya daga cikin kwatancen beetsky, haskaka wannan tambayar:
"A cikin wasu jihohin mutane, Chinaddamar da mutane na uku, an kafa ta har ƙarni da yawa, amma kamar yadda ta gabata (a Rasha) wannan Chin (a cikin Rasha) Wannan Chin din ba tukuna, shi ne ...".
Bezzka sun yi imanin cewa irin waɗannan mutane za su iya kafa dangantakar da ta dace da Serfs, wanda zai sha tasiri shafan yanayin jama'a gaba ɗaya.
An yi zaton iyaye ta hanyar yarda da almajiran da ke da shekaru 5, sannan kuma, bayan horo a gidan shiga kuma za a mayar da mu. A lokaci guda, Ivan Ivanovich ya inganta wata ilimi mai sassaucin ra'ayi game da ilimi: Rushewar azabtarwa na hukuma, wani kyakkyawan tallafi, wasanni masu tasowa da yardar rai, suna karatu cikin nishaɗi.
Bezzka "sun yi imani da bukatar bi a cikin zambiyoyin dabi'a, ba a rufe su kuma ba su mamaye ta ba, amma yana ba da gudummawa gare ta." Dangane da wannan nau'in, an kirkiro gidan na farko na ilimi a cikin 1763, wanda aka watsar da yara masu watsi da shi. Na biyu irin wannan gidan ya bayyana a babban birnin a cikin 1772. Amma ra'ayoyin beets sun fadi bisa gaskiyar kungiyar Al'umman Rasha na wannan lokacin: Instationungiyar kashin kwastomomi da suka cancanta da kuma kudade.
Cibiyoyin Ilimi
A lokacin shirya beetsk, an kirkireshi na farko ga mata. Sun kasance sun tsara a cikin Cibiyar Samu ta 1764 ta SMOLY SMOLY MARIDEN. Ka'idojin ilimi iri ɗaya ne da a cikin gidan ilimi na ilimi.
Bayan shekara guda, Bezzka yana shiga cikin kungiyar Cadet Corps na sojojin ƙasa don yara maza na daraja. Dawowar Corps din Corps suna da 'yancin shiga soja a matsayin jami'ai.
Bayan shekaru bakwai, tare da taimakon tabbatar da Demidov, an shirya makarantu mai amfani, wanda makasudi, lissafi, tattalin arziki, doka, doka.
Rayuwar sirri
Ivan Ivanovich bai yi aure bisa hukuma ba, amma danginsa ya dauki ɗalibansa. Farkon da aka fi so shine Anastasia Sokolov, wanda daga baya ya zama matar bikin Admiral Osibal Osial. Ta ci kuɗi mai yawa, da kuma gine-gine biyu a St. Petersburg.
A tsoho, an sami canje-canje a rayuwar ɗan majalisar. Petskaya ta ɗauki ɗayan ɗaliban smolnny dukkan smolov. Bayan karshenta gidan yanar gizon, Ivan Ivanovich ya sauka yarinyar nan a gidansa a gidansa ya kuma ba da shawarar zama, amma kyakkyawa bai yarda da irin wannan mawaki ba kuma nan da nan a auri mawaƙin A. Rzhevsky. Bayan barin amfanin sa, Ivan Ivanovich ta sha wahala bugun zuciya. Har zuwa ƙarshen rayuwar, Ya yi makama, sai ya zauna cikin kaɗaici.
Shekaru na ƙarshe
Tun daga 1773, dangane da halayyar da ke tawaye da aka karkatar da su a cikin Rogin Rogin, Catherine II ya gano halinsa game da dabarun ilimi, wanda ya gabatar da Bezkoy. An yi masa sautin. Amma, tun da duk ajiyar sa, Ivan Ivanovich ya kashe rayuwa don kiyaye koyarwar koyarwa da cibiyoyin ilimi, ba tsammani ga kansa ba tare da rayuwa ba tare da rayuwa ba tare da rayuwa ba tare da rayuwa ba tare da rayuwa ba tare da rayuwa ba tare da rayuwa ba tare da rayuwa ba tare da rayuwa ba tare da rayuwa ba tare da rayuwa ba tare da rayuwa ba tare da rayuwa ba tare da rayuwa ba tare da rayuwa ba tare da rayuwa ba tare da raye ba.
Shekaru 10 daga baya, bisa ga shaidar al'umman zamani, Bezzka ta sha wahala a bugun jini, bayan da an yi rauni sosai. Duk da aka ƙara makanta ga dukkan cututtuka. Shekaru 12 bayan da basur zuwa kwakwalwa a ranar ƙarshe ta 1795, saboda tsufa mai tsufa, Ivan Ivanovich ya mutu a gida. Maigidan ya binne shi daga cikin Cocin Alexander Nevsky Lawra.
A karshen Fabrairu 2017, TV jerin "Catherine" ya zo kan tashar "Rasha 1". Auki ". Wannan fim din talabijin din ya ci gaba da ya ci gaba da hoton mahaifiyar "Catherine", wanda aka saki a cikin 2014 kuma ya sake tausayawa masu kallo da masu sukar masu kallo da masu sukar masu kallo. Alamar yabo ta gida ce "Teffi" da "Eagle na Golden".
A cikin sabon kakar, bayanin shekarun hukumar Catherine mai girma, sabbin gwarzo da masu zane-zane sun bayyana: Vladimir yagumlych, wanda ya yi sanadiyyar rawar matasa, wanda ya buga wasan PA. Masu sauraro zasu ga almara na Jaridar Igor Sklyar.
Tarihin Ivan Beeshky
- "Tushen duk mugunta da kyau - tarbiyya."
- "Hankali ya yi da ba shi da haske ko fadakarwa da ɗan kasa kai tsaye, amma a yawancin halaye babu wani abin da zai cutar idan wani daga matasan matasa na zamaninsa ya tashi a cikin kyawawan matasa."
- "Domin ya yarda da zuciyar samari cikin yabon fafutuka, don faranta wa farautar aiki a cikinsu, don tsoron rashin aminci; koyar da halayensu na kirki, ladabi, ta'aziyya game da matalauta, mara farin ciki; Ka koyar da su zuwa gida gida ..., don dasa a cikin su cikin fa'ida ... hali ga mugunta da tsarkakewa. "
- "Mutumin da yake jin kamar mutum ... bai kamata kowa ya zama kamar dabbobi ba."
- "Babu wani vices da Villains, amma suna fadawa misalansu m"