I-Biograge
U-Anatoly Koni ungumuntu ongumphakathi kanye nenkulumo yokwahlulela, uhlonishwayo we-Acodemian kanye noSenator womkhandlu wombuso. Indoda eyazibiza ngokuthi "inceku yezobulungiswa, hhayi ohulumeni," basinda ekuhlolweni ezintathu, "basinda lapho belandela izimiso zalo ngasekupheleni kwezinsuku.Ubuntwana nentsha
Izobulungiswa zazalelwa eSt. Petersburg ngoFebhuwari 9, 1844. Ubaba FODOR ALEKSEEVICH - Pedagogue, umgxeki weshashalazi kanye ne-playwright. Umama u-Irina Semenovna (ngobukhulu beYurieva) - Umbhali weqoqo lezindaba "Ukuhlolwa kwamantombazane aseYurieva" kanye nomlingisi obhekele izindima zamahlaya.
Kusuka kubazali, umfana wazuza ingane yonke yemidlalo yaseshashalazini nethalente lemibhalo. Yize ikhwalithi yokugcina yaphinde yathuthukiswa ngokuxhumana no-Ivan Ivanovich Lazhchchchnikov, udokotela wayo we-Godem Thristiall, owayekwazi u-Alexander Pushkin.
Ngaphezu kwe-Anatolia, u-Evgeny wakhuliswa emndenini. Womabili la madodana athola imfundo yamabanga aphansi ekhaya. UFyodor Aleksevich, ehlonipha izimfundiso zokungathandi, wakhetha indlela ekhethekile yokukhulisa izingane futhi wanamathela kuye ngokucacile. Ngakho-ke, ngokuya ngemithetho ye-generator yefilosofi yaseJalimane, ingane kufanele idlule izigaba ezine. Lokhu ukutholwa kokuyalwa, kwabasebenzi, ngokuziphatha kanye nokuziphatha okuhle.
Inhloso yokugxekwa kweshashalazi kwakuwukufundisa amadodana okucabanga. Ngakho-ke, bobabili abagcinanga nje kuphela izincwadi, kodwa futhi njalo bekuxoxwa noYise, funda, ngaleyo ndlela bethuthukisa ukuzimela kokucabanga.
Eminyakeni engu-11 ubudala, umfana waqala ukuya esikoleni eSontweni laseSt. Anne. Ikilasi lesine laphela eSt Petersburg Gymnasium. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngentokozo, amakilasi angeziwe akhona - walalela izinkulumo zabaprofesa abadumile. Lapho-ke ijimu ibonakale njengezibalo. Futhi vele ngo-1861, ngaphandle kokujwayela unyaka owodwa (okwavumela imithetho yohlelo lwemfundo), wangena kwi-Faculty efiselekayo yeSt. Petersburg University.
Ngaphambi nje kwabe kunjalo, uKoni wahlangana nezikhulu ezimbili zoMnyango Wezangaphakathi. Abameli bazwakalise ukumangala ukuthi le nsizwa yakhetha izibalo, kuyilapho ukuguqulwa kwezomthetho kwakugqokwa emoyeni. " U-Anatolius wasabela ngokunqikaza ngemisebenzi yabo.
I-Spore and Gamble emehlweni abantu abasebenza ngokuhlangana, ubuciko babo bathinta umfundi ongabazayo. Futhi lapho i-University of St. Petersburg ivale isikhathi esingapheli ngenxa yesiphithiphithi esiqala emphakathini, sihunyushelwe eMoscow kwi-Faculty of Lat.
Ihlukaniswe emndenini umfana wanquma yena ukuthi ubuntwana bebuphelile. Ukwenqaba ukunakekelwa kwabazali, u-Anatoly wasebenza njengokufundisa, ukufundisa izibalo, umlando, izincwadi. Ngasikhathi sinye, wazama ukumboza ngangokunokwenzeka - ngaphandle kwezinkulunkuma, izinkulumo ezatholakala, izincwadi eziningi, afunda izincwadi eziningi, kubandakanya nemisebenzi yososayensi bezinye izizwe.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
U-Anatoly Fedorovich akazange azihlanganise nomshado. Ngokwezingcaphuno ezincwadini zakhe, le ndoda yaqashelwa lapho kungekho impilo yomuntu siqu. Yize kunolwazi oluthakazelela uthando esifundeni somphakathi eminyakeni ehlukene ye-biography lwalusekhona.Enkonzweni eKharkov, wahlangana neNyuvesi Commede Sergei Moroshkina futhi waphela ngokuqinile. Udadewabo, uKoni wayesehlele ngisho nomshado, nokho, akukho okwenzekile, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yesimo sempilo. Odokotela batholakele kumadoda anemia futhi bathunyelwa phesheya ukuze bathole ukwelashwa.
Iminyaka eminingi, u-Anatoly wahola ukuxhumana nentokazi eshadile ngothando grigorievna gogel. Ukuxhumana okunjalo kuye kwathuthuka no-Elena Vasilyevna Poonamareva - Inani lezinhlamvu zabo lidluliselwe ikhulu. Owesifazane wayeneminyaka engama-24, kepha ubungani babo baphenduka okuthile okwengeziwe. Ngo-1924, wathuthela endlini kaKoni, waba umsizi onokwethenjelwa, wasungula impilo ethembekile futhi wahlala naye kwaze kwaba sekufeni.
Isimo sengqondo esipholile sokushada kumuntu asona hhayi kuphela ngenxa yokuqashwa ngokweqile, kodwa futhi "ngenxa yenkumbulo yobuntwana. Ubudlelwano babazali ummeli ovuthiwe ochazwa ngokuthi "ukuwohloka komndeni". Ukuzola endlini kwakuyisimemo esingavamile. Akumangazi ukuthi isehlukaniso sikaYise noMama asigcinanga ukuphela kobumbano lweNyunyana ehlulekile, kodwa futhi nesibonelo salokho okuhlangenwe nakho okungekuhle kwe-anatoly.
Inkambo
Iziqu zendlela efanelekayo zaqala ngesikhulu sokubala. Kuliqiniso, ngosuku lokuqala lomsebenzi, Septhemba 30, 1865, wadluliselwa enkonzweni yezempi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, washintshele ngokuzimela endaweni yoNobhala Wokuba nguNobhala woMnyango Wezobugebengu eSt. Petersburg. Futhi ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha zochwepheshe osemusha bathumela eMoscow.
Ngemuva kwalokho u-Anatoly kwadingeka athuthele eKharkov, lapho akhonza khona eNkantolo Engabamba iqhaza komshushisi. Ngemuva kwalokho wabona ukubonakaliswa kokuqala kwalesi sifo. Ngo-1869, lapho kugcizelelwa odokotela bakaKoni, wathuthela phesheya, lapho kwakukhulunywa khona kakhulu noKonstantinin Ivanovich Palen. Ngenxa yokukhuthaza uNgqongqoshe Wezobulungiswa, owesilisa uzuze ukudluliselwa eSt. Petersburg, futhi nakhu kwakulindele umsebenzi we-zenit.
Ukuba umshushisi, ubambisene nezindaba ezinzima kakhulu iminyaka emine. Ukusebenza kwakhe kwavela umbono ongenakuqhathaniswa nejaji, kanti kwanyatheliswa amaphephandaba emaphephandabeni. Ukuba yisibalo esinamandla emkhakheni woMthetho Wezobugebengu, uKoni wathola isikhundla sokuba ngumqondisi wePhini lomnyango woMnyango Wezobulungiswa. Futhi ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa, isihloko sejaji elihlonishwayo lePeterhof naseSt. Petersburg Counties banikezwa.
Icala lokholo esikuthobeni sommeli omuhle kakhulu labamba iqhaza elikhulu. Umphakathi waqonda ukuthi owesifazana owayenempilo kaFerodorale uTrepov uzotholwa enecala. Icala kuphela elafundiswa ijaji elingakhethi. I-Anatoly, ebhekisa kuJury, ithe inhloso kaZasulich kwakungeyona into yokufa komuntu, kodwa empeleni isibhamu.
Ijaji lalungisiswa ngumbulali ohlulekile, owayengenazo ngisho namacebo ka-Alibi. Kanye namahhashi agcwalisa umsebenzi wommeli, athola umnikelo wokusonga igunya, kodwa akazange avumelane nalokhu futhi wahunyushelwa emnyangweni wobulelesi eClimia.
Lapho kuqala i-Revolution, i-anatoly ilahlekelwe ngumsebenzi wakhe futhi yaqala ukuthengisa umtapo wezincwadi oqoqwe umtapo wezincwadi ukuze athenge ukudla. Isipho ngohlobo lwesinkwa esimhlophe sosuku lokuzalwa ngo-1921 kamuva sabizwa ngomvuzo omkhulu kunabo bonke. Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila, indoda efundiswe ePetrograd University of Oratory, umthetho wobulelesi, izimiso zehostela.
Izincwadi ku-Google Play - Isandiso "Ukuqoqwa kwezinguquko" zokwahlulela "," Obaba kanye nezingane zokubuyiselwa kwezomthetho "zenziwa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwesayensi yezomthetho. Uhlu lwe-bibliography yakhe lwathola izinkumbulo zalabo abazisekelayo ukuthi bazokukhulumisana kakhulu phakathi nokuphila - mayelana nengonyama Tolstoy, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Nikolae Nekrasov. Nabanye babo, ngisho nezithombe ezihlanganyelwe ziyagcinwa.
Ukushona
Le ndoda yafa ngoSepthemba 17, 1927. Imbangela yokufa kwesibalo somphakathi kwakuyi-pneumonia, eyagula, efunda ososayensi esakhiweni esibandayo sendlu.Noma yibaphi abantu beza ukuzoqhuba i-anatoly Fedorovich endleleni yokugcina, futhi umngcwabo wenza abapristi abayisishiyagalombili kanye namadikoni amabili. Ngokusho kwama-memoirs afika emngcwabeni, abantu babengenalo esontweni bakhuphuka umgwaqo.
Ithuna lesikhulumi sokwahlulela esikhazimulayo, umbhali wamaphepha wesayensi kanye ne "nceku yezobulungiswa" engaguquki "etholakala emathuneni aseVolkovssky, lapho avuselelwa khona ngawo-1930s.
Ukukhumbula
- I-Plank yeSikhumbuzo eSt. Petersburg (ul. Mayakovskaya, No. 3).
- Isikhumbuzo esigcawini esiphambi kwesakhiwo se-Sociological Concience of Moscow State University.
- IMedal Anatoly Koni iyindondo yomlomo ephezulu kakhulu yoMnyango Wezobulungiswa WeRussia Federation.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1866 - "Ngakwesokudla Kwezokuvikela Esidingekayo"
- 1888 - "Inkulumo ezimele. Imihlahlandlela yeJury. Iziphetho ze-Cassation "
- Ngo-1890 - "Ukuvuselelwa kwamacala obugebengu"
- Ngo-1895 - "Enkantolo yeJury kanye neNkantolo enabamele amakilasi"
- Ngo-1895 - "Iminyaka ephuthumayo yamajaji"
- Ngo-1895 - "Isikhumbuzo esisemthethweni kanye nemisinga emisha kwinqubo yobugebengu ye-Italy naseJalimane"
- Ngo-1897 - "Imisebenzi Yezokunakekelwa Kwezabasebenzi"
- Ngo-1902 - "Izici ezijwayelekile ze-Judail Ethics"
- 1912-1929 - "Endleleni Yokuphila"
- Ngo-1914 - "Obaba kanye Nezingane Zobulungiswa Sokwahlulela"
- Ngo-1918 - "TurgenEV ne-savina"
- Ngo-1923 - "Ukwamukela kanye nemisebenzi yehhovisi lomshushisi"
- 1923 - "Inkantolo - Isayensi - Ubuciko"
- 1925 - "USergey yulievich Witte: Izinkumbulo eziguqukayo"
- Ngo-1933 - "Izinkumbulo zecala lokholo zasulich"