Umlando Wemilingiswa
Umphenyi we-sherlock holmes we-sherlock holmes waba cishe umlingiswa othandwa kakhulu owawa e-Guinness Book of Records. Ngenani lezihlangu zale tube yokubhema ebhemayo ithola kuphela i-fangy vampire bram stoker - ukubala i-Dracula.
Ngempela, umphenyi, okwaziyo ukutshela nge-biography yomuntu kagwayi, isitayela sezingubo, isitayela sezingubo, iwashi kanye nomcabango omangalisayo, kodwa ngangenza abanye ubugebengu ngaphandle kosizo lukaDkt. Watson, owayesekela isimilo esikhulu , wagcwalisa imiyalo yakhe futhi wabonisana nemibuzo eminingi yezokwelapha? Njengoba besho, uma uSherlock Holmes ubuchopho, khona-ke uJohane uyinhliziyo.
I-Biograge
Ngo-1887, u-Arthur Konan Doyle, ophefumulelwe yimisebenzi ka-Edgar Allan ngu, obhekwa njengeyisisekelo sokuqala sohlobo lomphenyi, lapho ebiza i-SherHrock Holmes noDkt Watson (kwezinye izinguqulo ezithile zaseRussia - kwenzeka).
Umlobi oneminyaka engu-27 ubudala wabhala le ndaba emavikini amathathu nje kuphela, kodwa, noma kunjalo, le ndaba yathandwa futhi ingezwe eDoyle amagagasi wabalandeli. Okulandelayo, indaba yomseshi nomngane wakhe baba ngabathengisi bendawo, yize umbhali ngokwakhe ebheka umjikelezo we "adventures of sherlock holmes noDkt Watson" ngeBoulevard, engafanele ukunakwa okukhethekile.
Lesi sakhiwo somsebenzi wokudubula u-Arthur Conan Doyle mayelana nomseshi acwilisa ama-reals of book izitolo nge-Era of Victorian London. Amanenekazi amabili ahlale efulethini ethokomele kuBaker Street Street 221B, eliholwa nguMfazi Omdala Omncane Wesihle uNkk Hudson.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-biography yaseWatson inemininingwane eminingi ukwedlula incazelo ye-sherlock holmes engaqondakali. Abafundi bafunda ukuthi uJohn, owazalelwa ngawo-1850s, wangena eNyuvesi yaseLondon, wabe esesebenza abantu esibhedlela saseSt. Bartholomew. UWatson waya ebuthongweni yakhe, ngakho-ke ngaphandle kobunzima obuningi ngo-1878 wathola iziqu zobudokotela waya emsebenzini ngodokotela wezempi ukuya eNdiya nase-Afghanistan.
Okulandelayo, ngenxa yokutheleleka kwe-typhoma yesisu, uJohn ubuyela eLondon, lapho afika khona eSherlock Holmes, eba ngumnikazi womhlaba eBaker Street, kanye nengxenye nomngane womseshi ovelele.
Kuyaziwa nangokuthi ngo-1888, udokotela uhlangana noMary Mry Mrystste, onikeza isandla nenhliziyo yakhe. Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi uSherlock waphikisana nalo mshado, ngoba, njengomseshi okholelwayo, uthando luyinto evimbela ingqondo nomqondo obandayo.
Impilo yomndeni kaDkt Watson yayingenamkhawulo: Umkakhe washona ngo-1892. Ezincwadini, okuvamile kukhulunywa ngaye ukuthi uJohane wayenendodana eyashona nayo. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wabuyela eLondon. USherlock ungene uzwela kuBuddy futhi athi umsebenzi uyi-antidote enhle kakhulu evela osizini. Ngo-1902, uJohn Watson uqhubekela efulethini kwiNdlovukazi u-Anna Street futhi uyakuthanda ukwelashwa.
Isifanekiso
U-Arthur Conan Doyle akazange afihle ukuthi amaSherlock Holmes ane-prototype yangempela - uSolwazi Joseph Bell, osebenze njengodokotela ohlinzayo futhi wasebenza e-Edinburgh University. Umlobi owathola idiploma ye-opthalmologist, wahlangana nalomuntu omangalisayo ngo-1877 futhi waba umsizi emtholampilo wakhe.
Ngakho-ke, umlobi wabuka udokotela nsuku zonke, owashaya iziguli ukuqagela ubuchwepheshe bazo. Indoda yanquma kalula ukuthi ngubani ohlala phambi kwakhe, ngokwesibonelo, i-varnish noma i-shoemaker-esele.
Ngakho-ke, uma uBell "waphinde waqubuka" emphethweni wezemibhalo, khona-ke uDoyle ngokwakhe wakhonza njenge-prototype kaWatson, noma kunjalo, umlobi uveza izikhumbuzo zakhe zezinkuni ezinkulu (unobhala womlobi). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokososayensi, udokotela kaJohn wabathonya uDkt. John Watson - kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo u-Alexander Francis-Preston, noDoyle ahlangana naye ePortsmouth, lapho aqala khona umsebenzi kadokotela.
Ukusondela kumphenyi, uWatson uzama ukuhlola umlingiswa we-eccentric wesigebengu futhi wenza "dossier", lapho abhala khona ekujuleni kolwazi lwesayensi ehlukahlukene futhi azama ukuqonda indlela yakhe edumile. Futhi, udokotela usebenza njenge-temty biograph: cishe konke ukulandisa ezindabeni ezikhuluma ngeHolmes kusekelwe kwisethulo kanye nezinkumbulo zomngane wakhe.
Ngaphandle, umlingiswa ophambili awenzi umbono okhethekile: UJohn ubukeka njengesici esivamile sokugcina umthetho wezwe lakhe. Indoda ephakeme-ukuphakama okunokuziqhenya kwamadevu namadevu amahle anenxeba lokulwa ehlombe, elitholwe ngesikhathi sempi, kepha uDoyle akahambelani nendawo esilondayo seWatson.
Ngokuqondene nohlobo lukaDkt Watson, lo mlingisi washeshe wadala umbono omuhle ngaye, izincwadi zokucabanga njengomuntu onomusa nobuzwela ohlala elungele ukuthola usizo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uJohn uchwepheshe weqiniso webhizinisi lakhe, unikeza amathiphu amahle weHolmes. Ebuntwini bodokotela, ukuhlonipha isikhala somuntu siqu kulandelwa: akumangalisi ukuthi uthe:
"Bese kuthi-ke, Mnu Holmes, nginobuhle ofanayo nenkosikazi yakho: Angifuni ikhala kwenye ibhizinisi labantu."UJohn Watson ushaywe yimvelo ephikisanayo ye-London Depector enhle kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uHolmes ungumuntu ohlakaniphile futhi o-erudite, kodwa ngakolunye - uSherlock akanalwazi, hhayi ukudiliza ezintweni eziyisisekelo kakhulu. UWatson uyamangala ukuthi umngane wakhe akazi ukuthi ngubani ophokosheli, futhi futhi akanawo umqondo wokuthi umhlaba ujikeleza ilanga.
Izimpendulo zikaSherlock's ezinengqondo zimangele uJohn: iqiniso ukuthi, ngokusho komseshi, ubuchopho bomuntu bukhona, lapho izinto ezidingeka kakhulu futhi eziwusizo ezidinga ukugoqwa, kulezi zincwadi zobuhlobo, iziKronike ze Ubugebengu, amakhemikhali kanye ne-anatomy. UWatson, kunalokho, akaveli impilo ngaphandle kwezincwadi, ukupenda nezepolitiki.
Ezincwadini zabangane hhayi nje kuphela ifilosofi yenkomishi yekhofi, dlala i-chess futhi ujwayelane nabantu abasha, kepha baye bembula izindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi zobugebengu, futhi uJohane usindise kaninginingi ekufeni (kodwa I-Logic ne-Warehouse yokucabanga kokuhlaziya iWatson i-comrade ephansi.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto, uWatson uhlukaniswa ngesibindi, ngokwesibonelo, endabeni ethi "inja yaseBaskerville" umsizi "umsizi uSherlock uya emzamweni wexhaphozi, lapho isilo sicashe khona ukuze silandelele isigebengu. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi udokotela wenza ama-oda aphumelele kakhulu, okungenani wahlupheka nge-fiasco endabeni "ukunyamalala kweLady Francis Carfex."
I-Bibliography
USherlock Holmes noDkt Watson bavela ezindabeni ezingama-56 nezindaba ezi-4, kodwa ngesicelo sabalandeli umlobi bathola imisebenzi emihle kakhulu, eyabenza imibhalo yesandla eyi-12:- Ngo-1891 - "Union of Red"
- Ngo-1891 - "Ama-Granks amahlanu Orange"
- Ngo-1892 - "Iteyiphu Ye-Pepling"
- 1893 - "Icala lokugcina Holmes"
- Ngo-1893 - "Rite House Mesreings"
- 1893-1894 - "I-Reague squires"
- Ngo-1903 - "Indlu engenalutho"
- Ngo-1903 - "Icala Lase-Internship"
- Ngo-1904 - "Indawo Yesibili"
- 1905 - "Amadodakazi Abantu"
- 1910 - "I-Noga kaDeveli"
-Vikayo
Imisebenzi ka-Arthur Conan Doyle yayinomthelela hhayi amasiko nezincwadi kuphela, kodwa futhi ne-cinema. Ifilimu lokuqala ngokubala umphenyi we-satelliting kanye ne-satellite yakhe yaphakade yaqala ngo-1900, kepha amafilimu aphathelene noSherlock Holmes noDkt Watson bayaqhubeka nokudubula ngekhulu lama-21. Sekuvele kukhona amafilimu angaphezu kuka-200 namakhathuni emhlabeni, inani lawo elikhula ngokungakhathali. Ngakho-ke, sizofaka ohlwitha kuphela ezinye izinguquko zefilimu kanye nokutolika kwamahhala kwabaqondisi:
I- "Blue Carbuntul" (1979, USSR)
Umqondisi uNikolai Ulyanov ukhishwe endabeni yokuqala kaDoyle, enikeza izingoma zakhe zamahlaya nezicucu. Esithombeni, esibonakala kubabukeli kukhiye we-parody, iqhaza likaDkt Watson ligcwalise u-Ernst Romanov.
Futhi, abalingisi bafaka: UBoris Galkin, uValentina Titova, u-Algimantas Masulis nabanye abamele amakhono e-cinema.
"Ukufika kweSherlock Holmes noDkt Watson" (1979-1986, USSRR)
Umqondisi u-Igor Maslennikov uthokozise abadobi abaseshi ngochungechunge lwethelevishini, aba ngamahlelo futhi abakwamukelwa e-Homand Arthur Conan Doyle. Amafilimu amaSoviet eMaslennikov awahlukile kakhulu esizeni somlobi, futhi indima yomngane weHolmes kuyo yayizama ukucacisa uSolomoni, owamukelwa njengoDkt Watson omuhle kakhulu.
Umlingisi wakwazi ukuphinda abuye kabusha isithombe sezincwadi zezincwadi zezincwadi zezincwadi, kanti amaBritish ajwayele ukusho ukuthi iTandem Solmin kanye neVasily Livanova (Sherlock Holmes) yimibhangqwana emibala kakhulu yezwekazi.
Sherlock Holmes (2009, USA, United Kingdom)
UMdali we- "Big Kush" Guy Richie futhi waphefumulelwa amanoveli aphenyayo, kodwa asuswe kuma-canons, ephethe isiza sokuqala semibhalo. Lesi sithombe siziphatha kubabukeli nge-epoch yeVictorian London: enhloko-dolobha ye-United Kingdom of Sherlock Holmes (uDkt Watson jr.) noDkt. Watson jr.) noDkt. Watson baxazulula i- "gungsit courprit" ku-Eshafot.
Iqhaza lomfutho osizayo laya eJude liphansi, kepha abanye abadlali babhekwa: UJohn Cusak, uGerard Butler noChris Pine. Ngo-2011, ingxenye yesibili ebizwa nge- "Sherlock Holmes: Umdlalo wamathunzi" washicilelwa.
Sherlock (2010, United Kingdom)
I-Sherlock Holmes entsha uMark Gathissa noStephen Moshat bahluke kakhulu endabeni yokuqala, kodwa ifilimu lalisathola abalandeli ngisho naphakathi kwabathandayo u-Arthur Conan Doyle.
Indima yomseshi okhazimulayo yenziwa nguBenedict Cumberbatch, kanti isithombe sikaWatson sasizama uMartin Freem, okhunjulwa yiqhaza leBilbo Baggins eKinotrilogy "Hobbit". Kungani izinkomba zingazange zikhathaze ngokunamathisela i-freeman yamadevu, kuhlala nje ukuqagela.
USherlock Holmes (2013, Russia)
Umqondisi we-Andrei Kavun futhi ujabulele ababukeli be-TV ngochungechunge, owaba isabelomali esikhulu kunazo zonke emlandweni we-Russian TELEVISION.
Abadali bazame ukuhlanganisa izithombe (holmes ezenziwa ngu-Igor Petrenko babhema ugwayi, hhayi i-handset, njengoba ibisencwadini), kepha ipulazi lisenokungezwani okumangazayo. Iqhaza likaDkt Watson laya e-Andrei Panin.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo
- Ifilimu laseSoviet "Sherlock Holmes noDkt Watson: Amagugu Ogran" (1983) badutshulwa eSt. Petersburg, kepha abaqondisi basebenzise amafreyimu ale London, ahlukile ngekhwalithi evela kwifindi. Amathafa we-Focugy Albion asuse umbhali we-Central Television ngekhamera eyi-16 mm.
- IMoscow iyisikhumbuzo esiseSherlock Holmesu noDkt Watson. USculptor Andrei Orlov waxoshwa emifanekisweni yeSidney Peperpet - umdwebi, owaba ngowokuqala owethule imidwebo yomphakathi namaqhawe kaDoyle. Kepha, nokho, emsebenzini we-Orlov, izici zeLivanov noSolmin zilandelwa.
- Ku-film "Sherlock Holmes" (2009), ingaphakathi lefulethi, elitholakala emgwaqweni waseBaker Street, eliqoqwe kusuka kwimininingwane esetshenziswe endlini kaSirius emnyama kwifilimu "Harry Potter kanye ne-oda lePhoenix".
- Ngo-1985, kwasungulwa iqembu lomculo ngaphansi kwegama elithi "Dr. Watson". Leli qembu liveza izingoma ezishukumisayo zeminyaka edlule.
- Abanye bacabanga ukuthi emsebenzini we- "Okokugcina kweHolmes" (1893) I-Reichnbakh Waterfall, lapho impi efa phakathi kweSherlock ne-Moriarty yenzeka - isithelo somcabango wombhali. Kepha ukuwa kwamanzi empeleni akukude nedolobha laseMayingingen. (Switzerland).