Amateka y'inyuguti
Sherlock Holmes Detettive yabaye umuntu uzwi cyane waguye mu gitabo cya Guinness. Numubare wingabo zuyu ndoteur kunywa itabi ryarenga gusa kopi ya VANPGY VANGGY VANGY VANGY CRUM - Kubara Dracula.
Mubyukuri, umugenza, ninde ushoboye kuvuga kubyerekeye ubuzima bwabantu bwitabi, imiterere yimyenda, isaha yo kwinezeza, ariko nashoboraga kubushake bwa Dr. Watson, washyigikiye imico nyamukuru , asohoza amategeko ye kandi akagisha inama kubibazo byinshi byubuvuzi? Nkuko babivuze, niba Sherlock Holmes ni ubwonko, noneho Yohana ni umutima.
Ubuzima
Mu 1887, Arthur Konan Doyle, yahumetswe n'imirimo ya Edgar Allan, ufatwa nk'ibanze ku ntera yitwa "etude muri baghrov tones", aho abaziranye b'imirire ya sherlock holmes na Dr. Watson (Mu busobanuro bumwe bwo mu Burusiya - Watson) bwabaye.
Umwanditsi w'imyaka 27 yanditse iyi nkuru mu byumweru bitatu gusa, ariko, nyamara, inkuru yaramenyekanye kandi yongera gukora doyle umuraba w'abafana. Ubukurikira, inkuru y'amayere kandi inshuti ye yabaye isi BestraSellers, nubwo umwanditsi ubwe yabonaga ko ari uruziga rw '"ibintu bya Sherlock Holmes na Dr. Watson" by boulevard, ntibikwiye kwitabwaho bidasanzwe.
Ikibanza cy'imirimo ya mbere ya Arthur Conan Doyle ivuga ku bapolisi binjiza amaduka y'ibitabo mu gihe cya Victorian London. Abanyacyubahiro babiri batuje munzu yubukorikori kumuhanda wa Baker Street 221b, biyobowe numugore wumukobwa mwiza Madamu Hudson.
Birashimishije kubona ubuzima bwa watson bufite amakuru arenze ibisobanuro byamateka ya Sherlock Hollock Hollock Holmes. Abasomyi bamenya ko John, wavutse mu 1850, yinjiye muri kaminuza ya London, hanyuma akora abantu mu bitaro bya Mutagatifu Bartholomew. Watson yegereye bucece umwuga we, bityo nta kibazo gikomeye mu 1878 yakiriye impamyabumenyi ya dogiteri maze ajya ku kazi n'umuganga wa gisirikare mu Buhinde no muri Afuganisitani.
Ibikurikira, kubera kwandura inkubi y'umuyaga y'inda, John asubira i Londres, aho agera i Sherlock Holmes, ahinduka nyirinzu ku muhanda wa Baker, n'igihe gito hamwe n'inshuti y'intege nke.
Bizwi kandi ko mu 1888, umuganga yahuye na blondery mary morsten, bikaba bikaba bikaba bihakanye ukuboko n'umutima. Birakwiye kuvuga ko Sherlock yarwanyije ubu bukwe, kuko, nkuko umugenzareza yizeraga, urukundo ni ikintu cyamarangamutima kibuza ubwenge nubukonje bukonje.
Ubuzima bwumuryango wa Dr. Watson ntabwo bwari bucu: umugore we yapfuye mu 1892. Mu bitabo, hasanzwe havugwa ko Yohana yari afite umuhungu wapfuye. Ku bw'ivyo, muganga yasubiye i Londres. Sherlock yinjira kugirira impuhwe inshuti akavuga ko akazi arintingu nziza nintimba. Mu 1902, John Watson yimukiye mu nzu ku nzu y'Umwamikazi Anna Umuhanda kandi akunda imyitozo.
Ishusho
Arthur Conan Doyle ntabwo yahishe ko Sherlock Holmes yari afite prototype nyayo - Porofeseri Joseph Bell, wakoraga nkumugaburirwa kandi akora muri kaminuza ya Edinburgh. Umwanditsi wakiriye impamyabumenyi y'amavuko, yahuye n'uyu muntu utangaje mu 1877, aba umufasha mu ivuriro rye.
Rero, umwanditsi yarebye umuganga buri munsi, wakubise abarwayi batekereza imyuga yabo. Umugabo yiyemeje byoroshye wicaye imbere ye, kurugero, gutandukana cyangwa inkweto-ibumoso.
Kubwibyo, niba inzogera "ikomavurwa" mu bwami, doyle ubwe yabaye Prototype ya Watson, ariko, umwanditsi agaragaza mu biti bye by'ingenzi (umunyamabanga w'umwanditsi). Byongeye kandi, nk'uko abahanga, muganga wa Yohana wagize ingaruka kuri Dr. Kuva muri Sutty - John Watson - kandi Umuganga wo kubaga igisirikare Alexander Francis-Preston, aho Doyle yahuye na Portsmouth, aho yatangiye umwuga we.
Kuba hafi yiperereza, Watson arimo kugerageza gucukumbura imiterere yumurwanyi hamwe nabagizi ba nabi kandi bigizwe n '"dossier", aho yanditse ku butaka bwa Sherlock muri siyanse zitandukanye kandi igerageza kumva uburyo bwe buhebuje. Nanone, umuganga akora nka biographs yigendwa: Hafi yinkuru zose ziri mu nkuru zerekeye Holmes zishingiye ku kwerekana no kwibuka inshuti ye.
Hanze, imico nyamukuru ntabwo itanga ibitekerezo bidasanzwe: Yohana asa nubwubaringe rusange-bubahiriza igihugu cye. Umugabo muremure umugabo ufite ubwanwa bwiboneye kandi buhebuje ubwanwa buhebuje afite igikomere cyimirwano, yabonetse mugihe cyintambara, ariko Doyle ntabwo ihuye cyane nicyo igikomere cya Watson.
Naho imiterere ya Dr. Watson, iyi mico yahise ikora igitekerezo cyiza kuri we, gutekereza ku bitabo nkumuntu mwiza kandi wunvikana uhora witeguye gutanga ubufasha. Byongeye kandi, John ni umunyamwuga wukuri wubucuruzi bwe, atanga holmes inama zingirakamaro. Mu miterere ya muganga, kubaha umwanya wawe kakurikiranwa: Ntibitangaje kubona:
"Hanyuma, Bwana Holmes, mfite ingeso imwe nka nyirabuja: Sinshaka izuru mu bucuruzi bw'abandi."John Watson yakubiswe na kamere itavugwaho rumwe na london nziza. Ku ruhande rumwe, Holmes ni umuntu uzi ubwenge n'urwibutso, ariko ku yandi - Sherlock ntabwo ari injiji, ntabwo asenya mubintu byibanze. Watson atangazwa nuko bagenzi be batazi copernic, kandi ntibafite igitekerezo kuburyo isi izenguruka izuba.
Ibisubizo byumvikana bya Sherlock biratangazwa na Yohana: Ukuri nuko, ukurikije ibintu, ubwonko bwumuntu ni ibintu bikenewe kandi byingirakamaro kandi byingenzi, ibyo ni ibidukikije, Amateka ya icyaha, chimie na anatomiya. Watson, uko binyuranye, ntabwo yerekana ubuzima butagira ibitabo, gushushanya na politiki.
Mu bitabo incuti filozofiya gusa igikombe ikawa, play Echec na kumenyana n'abantu bashya, ariko bari unraveling mu ntirigwa gakoze ibyaha, kandi Yohana yagiye biteganywa igikorwa kigirira akamaro (ndetse gukizwa urupfu), ariko logique nububiko bwa Watson Ibitekerezo Watson ni inkovu.
Mubindi bintu, Watson bifitanye isano n'ubutwari, nk'urugero, umufasha wa Baskerville "umufasha wa Baskerville ajya mu murinya w'igishanga, aho igisimba cyihishe kugira ngo ukurikirane umugizi wa nabi. Ariko rimwe na rimwe umuganga akora ibicuruzwa atagira neza, byibuze yahuye na fiasco mu nkuru "ibura rya Lady Francis Carfex."
Bibliografiya
Sherlock Holmes na Dr. Watson Kugaragara mu nkuru 56 n'inkuru 4, ariko ubisabwe n'abafana umwanditsi bashyize ahagaragara imirimo myiza, bahitanye inyandiko zandikishijwe intoki:- 1891 - "Ubumwe bwumutuku"
- 1891 - "Batanu ba nyirabyo"
- 1892 - "SHAKA CAPE"
- 1893 - "Urubanza rwa nyuma"
- 1893 - "Rite Inzu Yambere"
- 1893-1894 - "Isosiyete ya Youague"
- 1903 - "Inzu irimo ubusa"
- 1903 - "Urubanza rwo kwimenyereza umwuga"
- 1904 - "Umwanya wa kabiri"
- 1905 - "Abakobwa b'abagabo"
- 1910 - "Noga ya Sekibi"
Gukingira
Ibikorwa bya Arthur Conan Doyle ntabwo byagize ingaruka ku muco no ku bitabo gusa, ahubwo no kuri Sinema. Filime ya mbere yerekeye kubara umupolisi hamwe na Satelite ye y'iteka yatangiye mu 1900, ariko Filime zerekeye Sherlock Holmes na Dr. Watson Komeza kurasa mu kinyejana cya 21. Hano hari filiyoni zirenga 200 ku isi, umubare wacyo ukura. Kubwibyo, tuzatondekanya gusa imikino yo kurwanya filime no gusobanura kubuntu:
"Ubururu Carbuncul" (1979, USSR)
Umuyobozi Nikolai Ulynov yateye imbere mu nkuru yumwimerere ya Doyle, atanga urusenzo rwe na muzika. Ku ishusho, bigaragara ko abareba mu rufunguzo rwa Parody, uruhare rwa Dr. Watson rwashore Ernper Romayov.
Nanone, abakinnyi barimo: Boris Gallekin, Valentina Titova, Masumbantas Masulis n'abandi bahagarariye ubuhanga bwa cinemati.
"Amavuko ya Sherlock Holmes na Dr. Watson" (1979-1986, USSR)
Umuyobozi Igor Maslennikov yishimiye abakunzi bashinzwe iperereza ku ruhererekane rwa tereviziyo, wabaye umuco kandi akamenyekana mu gihugu cya Arthur Conan Doyle. Filime y'Abasoviyeti ya Maslenikov ntizitandukana cyane n'umugambi w'umwanditsi, n'uruhare rw'impuhwe z'inzoga muri zo zageragezaga VITALY Solomin, wamenyekanye ko Dr. Watson.
Umukinnyi yashoboye kwidagadura ishusho yubukungu bwimiterere, kandi Abongereza bakundaga kuvuga ko Tandem Solmin na Verlock Hovanova (Sherlock Holmes) numugabane uhagaze kumugabane wabantu.
Sherlock Holmes (2009, Amerika, Ubwongereza)
Umuremyi wa "Big Kush" Umusore Richie na we yahumetswe n'ibitabo by'abagwaneza, ariko bikurwa mu karubanda, bifata umugambi wanditse. Ishusho yitwara abareba kuri Epoki ya Endocton London: Mu murwa mukuru wunze ubumwe bw'Ubwongereza Holmes Holmes (Robert Downey Jr.) na Dr. Watson gukemura icyaha cy'ubugome, bohereza ubutumwa bwo kwizihiza "Esshale" kuri Eshafot.
Uruhare rw'umufasha wa Depective yagiye muri Yuda make, ariko abandi bakinnyi basuzumwe: John Custing, Gerard Butler na Chris Pine. Muri 2011, igice cya kabiri cyitwa "Sherlock Holmes: umukino wigicucu" wasohotse.
Sherlock (2010, Ubwongereza)
Sherlock Holmes Mark Gathissa na Stephen Moffat itandukanye cyane ninkuru yumwimerere, ariko film iracyafite abafana ndetse no mu bashimishijwe na Arthire ya Arthur Conan Doyle.
Uruhare rw'abapolisi bakomeye ryakozwe na Benedigito Cumberbatch, kandi ishusho ya Watson yari igerageje Martin Freimen, wibukwa n'uruhare rw'imizigo ya Bilbo muri kinotrilogy "hobbit". Kuki ubuyobozi butagize ikibazo cyo kwisiga umudendezo wa ubwanwa, biracyakeka gusa.
Sherlock Holmes (2013, Uburusiya)
Umuyobozi Andrei Kavun yanashimishije kandi abareba televiziyo, babaye ingengo yimari nini mumateka ya tereviziyo yu Burusiya.
Abaremwe bagerageje kugereranya amashusho (Holmes yakorewe na Igor Petrenko anywa itabi, ntabwo ari umufasha, nkuko byari bimeze mu gitabo), ariko umugambi ugifite mu gitabo), ariko ikibanza kiracyafite itandukaniro. Uruhare rwa Dr. Watson yagiye i Andrei Panin.
Ibintu bishimishije
- Filime y'Abasoviyeti "Sherlock Holmes na Dr. Watson: Ubutunzi bwa Agra" (1983) kurasa muri St. Petersburg, ariko abayobozi bakoreshaga amakadiri yiyi london, zitandukanye mubwiza muri filn. Ahantu nyaburanga ya Alion ya Foggy yakuyeho umunyamakuru wa tereviziyo nkuru kuri kamera ya mm 16.
- Moscou ni urwibutso rwo Sherlock Holmedu na Dr. Watson. Umunyabusoli Andrei Orlov yangaga mu gishushanyo cya Sidney Padpepet - umuhanzi, waje kuba uwambere watanze igishushanyo mbonera n'intwari za Dole. Ariko, nyamara, mugikorwa cya orlov, ibiranga livanov na solimin bikurikirana.
- Muri firime "Sherlock Holmes" (2009), imbere mu nzu, iherereye ku muhanda wa Baker, yakusanyijwe mu makuru akoreshwa mu nzu ya Sirius ari muri filime "Harry Potter na gahunda ya Phoenix".
- Mu 1985, hashyizweho itsinda rya muzika munsi yizina "Dr. Watsoton". Iri tsinda ryerekana indirimbo zidashidikanywaho mu myaka yashize.
- Bamwe batekerezaga ko mugikorwa cya "Urubanza rwa nyuma cyinyuma (1893) Isumo rya Reighnbakh, aho intambara ipfa hagati ya Sherlock na Montarsy. Ariko isumo ntabwo iri kure yumujyi wa coinneen. (Ubusuwisi).