I-Biograge
Isithombe sikaLudmila Pavlichenko sasihlelwa yi-Soviet Media. Bambalwa babazi ukuthi umfazi odumile - sniper entshonalanga wabizwa ngokuthi "miss colt". Abacwaningi beSoviet bakhishwe ngaphandle kwe-biography yokulwa yePavlichenko Blunders namaphutha. Futhi, ngokwezifundo zanamuhla, ichilo impumelelo yayo.Ubuntwana nentsha
UPavlichenko waba okhiqiza kakhulu hhayi kuphela phakathi kwama-snipers aseSoviet. Ngenani lezitha ezibhujisiwe, le ntombazane emndenini olula wayaphule irekhodi lomhlaba. Phakathi kwezihlobo zikaBelova, igama lentombazana le-sniper, kwakungekho ezempi. Ubaba wasebenza njengomakhenikha. Kuliqiniso, wabamba iqhaza empini yombango.
Malaya Motherland Pavlichenko - Isonto elimhlophe. Ekuqaleni kwama-30s, lo mndeni wathuthela eKiev. ULyudmila waphupha ngokuba uthisha emlandweni. Ngemuva kwesikole, wangena eyunivesithi, kodwa nokho abe ngumfundi wesikole esiphakeme, wasebenza efektri. ULyudmila waya emsebenzini lapho kugcizelelwa khona ubaba okholelwe ukuthi i-Biography Biography inxephezelo ngokusuka kwemvelaphi: Umama kaPavlichenko waba nezimpande ezinhle.
Esitshalweni, uLyudmila wenza umsebenzi. Okokuqala wenza umsebenzi omnyama, wabe esefunda ukuguquka, nangemva kokuba yigumbi lokudweba. Endaweni yentsha kuleyo minyaka kwakuyimfashini ukuthenga amakhono ezempi. Imidlalo yendiza esetshenziswa ukuthandwa ngokukhethekile. Kusukela ePavlichenko kusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yesaba ukuphakama, ngakhoke wanquma ukuzizama ngokudubula.
Esifundweni sokuqala, isikole sasesikoleni izolo sangena kulitshe. Impumelelo yokuqala ephefumlelwe. ULyudmila waqala ukuzibandakanya embuthanweni wokudubula, wenza ngempumelelo izindinganiso. Amakilasi we-Sniper Pavlichenko akazange ashiye ngenkathi efunda ubuhlakani bomlando. Kamuva, uLyudmila wamenyelwa esikoleni se-sniper. Lapha bekuphakathi okuhle kakhulu.
UPavlichenko wawuse-Odessa, lapho kuqala impi. Edolobheni lolwandle, elalivele lisemandleni amabutho amasosha aseJalimane nawaseRomania, uLyudmila wawudlulisela lo mkhuba, ngesikhathi sakhe sesayensi, waya emtatsheni wezincwadi wesayensi: wabhala umsebenzi wokuthweswa iziqu ePereyaslav Rada.
Njengoba sewuzwe ukumenyezelwa komsakazo kokuqala kwempi, umfundi weKiethenity University waya ekubhalisweni kwamasosha naseHhovisi Lokubhalisa. Lapho, ukubheka le ntombazane kuphela, kusho ukuthi odokotela babezoshayela kamuva. Izincazelo akuzona umuthi nhlobo, kodwa sniper, akekho ofuna ukuzwa. Kepha ngemuva kwezinsuku ezinhlanu kamuva, kwanyatheliswa umyalo ngokudluliswa kwezicelo zabafundi abathola iziqu zemibuthano ye-sniper. UPavlichenko wathatha isifungo ngoJuni 28.
Ukulwa
ULyudmila wagcina ngokucophelela isithonjana esitholwe ngemuva kokuphela kwesikole sesibhamu. Lapho kuqala impi, wanquma ukuthi uzoba yi-sniper futhi ngokuqinisekile angafaka amakhono ahlolwe empini yamanje. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambili kwakungekho isibhamu.Izikhali ezinokuqashwa azikhishwe. Kwakungeyona nje. Lapho nje phambi kwePavlichenko eneminyaka engu-25 ubudala, kwabulawa isosha. Isibhamu sikamufi saba isikhali sokuqala sempi. Ngokusho kwama-biographiem Pavlichenko, wadubula uyakuhlekisa, futhi sekuvele ezimpini zokuqala wakhombisa imiphumela emangalisayo. Ngokushesha wanikwa isibhamu se-sniper.
Enkampanini ngayinye yesibhamu kwakukhona i-sniper ezimbili. UPavlichenko waya kulo msebenzi kanye noLeonid Kitzenko. Ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, amabutho aseJalimane namaRomania ayevele esondela e-Odessa. Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuvikela idolobha lasePavlichenko kwenzeke ukuthi ngesizathu esithile asizangekwa yi-Soviet Command. Emsebenzini, wabhubhisa ama-fascist ayi-16 ngemizuzu eyi-15. Okwesibili, uLudmila wenza isibhamu ayishumi aphumelelayo. Kwakukhona izikhulu ezimbili zaseJalimane phakathi kwabafileyo.
Owesifazane osemusha wakwazi kanjani ukwenza izibhamu eziningi ezinegazi elibandayo? Lona umbuzo ovame kakhulu ukuthi izintatheli zakwamanye amazwe zikaPavlichenko zabuza. Owesifazane olandisa okungu-309 wabantu abaneminyaka engama-309, wake watshela le ndaba ukuthi iSoviet Media iqhubeka nokuhumusha. Emehlweni akhe, amasosha afela lapho akwazi khona ukumzwela. Lo mcimbi wakhuthaza inzondo yesitha eLiudmila, lapho kamuva, kwamanye amazwe, ibizwa ngokuthi "i-Lady Lifa".
Impumelelo Pavlichenko namuhla uvusa izingxabano. Ezinye izazi-mlando zithi ukusebenza kowesifazane okhangayo we-sniper, abathandi be-stalin, bayehanjiswa. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi uPavlichenko akazange asebenzise ubulili obuhlukile, ngakho-ke angazibonela empini.
ESevastopol, uLyudmila wachitha izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili. Wabamba iqhaza ezimpini futhi wabhubhisa izitha eziningi njengoba kwakungeyona into eyodwa ezibandakanya ukudideka kwedolobha laseCrimea. Ngokwemininingwane esemthethweni, uLyudmila wachitha unyaka ngaphambili, kwathi ngemuva kokuqeqeshwa ama-snipers amancane.
Encwadini ye-autobiographical, uPavlichenko wazama ukuveza umsuka wesipho sakhe esingavamile sokuhlwitha. Ukunemba, ukuqonda kanye nezinye izimfanelo zikaLudmila zifundise inzondo yezitha eza ezweni lakubo futhi zephule impilo enokuthula. Emadolobhaneni aphethwe yizitha, uPavlichenko wabona izidumbu zezingane nabantu abadala. Kubonile ukuthonya ukwazi kokwazi okuncane. Kunomqondo wokuthi uPavlichenko waba nesakhiwo esingajwayelekile se-eyeball.
Ukuxhaphaza "I-Miss Colt" namuhla kungabaza. Ezinyangeni zokuqala zempi, kwadubula uPavlichenko 187 amaJalimane namaRomania. Isithombe sowesifazane oneminyaka engu-25 ubudala oneziqubulo nezikhalo ezisakazwa ngaphambili ukukhulisa umoya wokulwa. Kepha abulala izitha ezingaphezu kuka-200, uPavlichenko akazange athole izindondo. Futhi ngo-1941 wanikezwa ngisho nabamele izibonelelo ezingezona ezempi ezazingenzeki emugqeni wangaphambili.
Impumelelo yePavlichenko ayikwazanga ukuziqhayisa noma yiliphi i-sniper enolwazi. Noma kunjalo, igama lakhe aliveli ohlwini lokunikezwa kuze kube ngu-Ephreli 1942. Yilapho-ke kuphela lapho uPavlichenko athole indondo. Iqhawe leSoviet Union laqala kamuva - ngo-1943.
Amabutho athwalwa ngokulahleka futhi, empeleni, wayedinga ukuphindaphindwa okukhulu. Amadoda ngaphambili angenayo. Ukuheha ngaphambili kwamantombazane, kwadingeka isithombe sowesifazane sobuqhawe. Ama-featund of the young ngxenye, evutha kanye nezindlu kanye namaJalimane, futhi izitebe ezakhamuzi, ngo-1943 abantu abambalwa abahlaba umxhwele. Sasidinga amaqhawe amasha namaqhawekazi.
Ngo-1942, uPavlichenko wavakashela e-United States. Lapha ngahlangana futhi ngenza nabangane no-Eleonor Roosevelt. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukukhanga kwabaseMelika, "ofihle kakhulu naye". ULyudmila ushaya ihlombe. Lesi sehlakalo sisetshenziswa kwifilimu ka-2015 futhi ngesandla sokukhanya sama-cinematographs, kwabonakala ngokumangazayo ukuthi ababukeli abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi: uSergeant Pavlichenko wakwazi ukuguqula inkambo yempi.
Ukunikezwa kwamandla kuhlanganisa i-vladimir puchelintsev. I-Sniper isivele inomklomelo wezempi ophakeme kakhulu. Yize ngo-1942 imiphumela yayo yayingumphumela othobekile kakhulu kaLiudmila (abangu-114 babule amasosha). IBeefins yanelisa ngokuzithandela ilukuluku labantu baseMelika, libonisa amakhono abo ngokudubula. UPavlichenko - sniper onolwazi ngokwengeziwe - wenqabile.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Eminyakeni eyishumi ngaphambi kokuqala kwempi, uLyudmila oneminyaka engu-15 wahlangana no-Alexey Pavlichenko. Le nsizwa yayimdala kunaye. Ubudlelwano bezothando buye kude kakhulu. Ngokushesha, uLyudmila uthole ukuthi wayelinde ingane. Amahemuhemu mayelana nokukhulelwa esikweni wesikole esineminyaka engu-15 ahlukaniswa ngokushesha esifundeni. Kamuva, uPavlichenko akathandanga ukukhuluma ngaleli qiniso ku-biography yakhe.
Uyise kaPavlichenko ngaleso sikhathi wasebenza ku-NKVD. Esaba inkathazo kule nkonzo, wagcizelela ukubhaliswa komshado. Ngo-1932, kwazalwa indodana uRostislav. Kodwa-ke, impilo yomndeni ayizange isebenze, futhi ngokushesha le ntombazane yabuyela eLandolo lomndeni. Mayelana nomyeni wokuqala uPavlichenko akathandanga ukukhumbula.
Ngo-1941, uLyudmila wahlangana noLieutenant Kitzenko. Uzoshada naye. Kepha uKitizko ushone ekuqaleni kwawo-1942. ULyudmila uthole ukulimala okukhulu nokushaqeka okunamandla okwethuka.
Kungekudala ngemuva kokuthi amaholide athole ukungqubuzana kwesibili. Ukulimala okuningi kanye nokushaqeka ngokomoya - amaqiniso abhekiswe ngabasekeli benguqulo yempumelelo eyeqile ye-sniper yabesifazane.
Imininingwane evela empilweni yomuntu siqu yePavlichenko ngemuva kwempi yaziwa kancane. ULyudmila Mikhailovna washada noKonstantin Shevelov, kepha akasaba nezingane.
Iminyaka Engemva Kwempi Nokufa
UPavlichenko waqeda izifundo zakhe, waba yi-asterrian. Kodwa-ke, angizange ngiye esikoleni. Iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili yachitha ngesimo sososayensi wekomkhulu lezempi. Wenza imisebenzi yomphakathi.Ushone ngo-1974. Angcwatshwe emathuneni eNovodevichy.
Ukukhumbula
- Edolobheni laseBelarus, isonto ukuhlonipha uLyudmila Pavlichenko liqanjwe igama lesikole.
- Igama le-sniper edumile lithole umgwaqo eSevastopol.
- Umculi waseMelika uWoody gutat ngo-1946 wenza iculo elithi "Miss Pavlichenko".
- Ifilimu "Impi yeSevastopol", iqhaza lowesifazane odumile - sniper lenziwa nguJulia Peresilde. Ekubhaleni lesi simo, kusetshenziswa izinkumbulo ze-Eleonora Roosevelt.
- Ukuhlonipha uPavlichenko, isibhamu seLyuda siqanjwe ngathi kumdlalo wekhompyutha "Borderlands 2".
-Zuzayo
- Ngo-1942 - Medali "ngokulwa nokulwa"
- Ngo-1943 - Isihloko se- "Hero of Soviet Union"
- Indondo "Yokunqoba I-Germany Empini enkulu yokuthanda izwe"
- I-Premium Weapon - Isibhamu "Ikholi"