Biography
Umfanekiso we-ludmila pavlichenkon ulungele imithombo yeendaba yaseSoviet. Bambalwa ababesazi ukuba ibhinqa elidumileyo-sniper entshonalanga labizwa ngokuba "yi-Colt". Abaxhasi baseSoviet babekhutshelwa ngaphandle kwi-bienting yebhayiloji ye-pavlihenko ye-pavlihenjin kunye neempazamo. Kwaye, ngokwembali yale mihla, iphumelele impumelelo.Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-pavlihenko yaba yeyona mveliso iphambili kuphela kwezinye iispit zeSoviet. Ngenani leentshaba ezitshabalalisiweyo, le ntombazana isuka kwintsapho elula yaqhekeka irekhodi lehlabathi. Ezinye izalamane zikaTeeva, igama elinjengesinqwazi, kwakungekho mkhosi. Utata wasebenza njengoomatshini. Yinyani, ithathe inxaxheba kwimfazwe yamakhaya.
Malaya Manyland Pavlithoinko-Icawe emhlophe. Kwiminyaka yokuqala yama-30, intsapho yafudukela eKiev. U-Llummila waphupha ngokuba ngumfundisi wembali. Emva kwesikolo, wangena eyunivesithi, kodwa wayengumfundi wesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, wasebenza kumzi-mveliso. U-Lwaudmila waya kunyanzelisa utata okholwayo ukuba i-biography esebenzayo ihlawula iintsilelo zemvelaphi: Umama kaPavlihenkothi wayeneengcambu.
Kwisityalo, uLyudmila wenza umsebenzi. Okokuqala kwenze umsebenzi omnyama, emva koko wafunda ukuya kwiTurner, kwaye emva kokuba ligumbi lokuzoba. Kwimeko yolutsha kule minyaka yayiyinto yokuthenga i-forties yomkhosi. Umdlalo wokuhamba ngenqwelomoya wasebenzisa ukuthandwa ngokukhethekileyo. UPavlihenk usuka kwiminyaka yokuqala wayesoyika ukuphakama, kwaye ke wagqiba kwelokuba azame ukudubula.
Kwisifundo sokuqala, isikolo sezolo sawela kwithagethi. Impumelelo yokuqala ephefumlelwe. U-Lwaudmila waqalisa ukubandakanyeka kwisangqa sokudubula, ngempumelelo wenze imigangatho. Iiklasi ze-sniper pavlihenko engazange ishiye ngelixa ifundela ubuchwephesha bembali. Emva kwexesha, uLyudmila wamenyelwa kwisikolo se-sniper. Nantsi phakathi kweyona ilungileyo.
UPavlihenko wayeseOdessa, xa kwaqala imfazwe. Kwisixeko saselwandle, esasisele sisemandleni omkhosi waseJamani neyaseRomania, uLyudmila wapasisa lo msebenzi, kwixesha lakhe elikhululekileyo, wabhala umsebenzi wezenzululwazi kwi-Pereyaslav rada.
Emva kokuba beve isibhengezo sonomathotholo sokuqala kwemfazwe, umfundi weDyunivesithi yaseKiev waya kubhaliso lomkhosi kunye neofisi yobhaliso. Apho, kuphela ejonge intombazana, wathi oogqirha baya kufowuna kamva. Inkcazo yokuba ayili-Nangomi, kodwa i-sniper, akukho mntu wayefuna ukuva. Kodwa emva kweentsuku ezintlanu, umyalelo wapapashwa malunga nesibongozo sabafundi abahamba ngeenqanawa ze-sniper. IPavlikinko yathatha isifungo nge-28 kaJuni.
Imfazwe
I-Llummila ngononophelo igcinwe i icon efunyenwe emva kokuphela kwesikolo sempumlo. Xa kwaqala imfazwe, wagqiba kwelokuba abe yinkxwaleko kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo uya kusebenzisa izakhono eziphononongwayo kwimfazwe yangoku. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphambili kwakungekho mpu.Izixhobo ezinomlondolozi azikhutshwa. Yayingelilo nje. Kanye phambi kwePavlithonko engama-25, ijoni labulawa. Umpu wabaswelekileyo waba sisixhobo sokuqala semfazwe. Ngokwe-bigographe ePavlicko, wadubula i-aptive, kwaye sele kwimilo yokuqala yokulwa ibonisa iziphumo ezimangalisayo. Kungekudala wanikwa umpu we-sniper.
Kwinkampani nganye ye-rifle kwakukho iinwele ezimbini. I-Pavlikinko yeyomsebenzi kunye ne-leonid kitznko. Ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, iJamani-mikhosi yaseRomania yayisele isondele iOdessa. Ngeentsuku zokuqala zokhuselo lwesixeko sasePavlihenko yenza ukuba kubekho isizathu esithile sasingaphawulwa ngumyalelo waseSoviet. Kumsebenzi, watshabalalisa i-Destists ezili-16 kwimizuzu eli-15. Okwesibini, uLudmila wenza i-shots ephumeleleyo. Kwakukho amagosa amabini aseJamani phakathi kwabafileyo.
Ibhinqa eliselula lakwazi ukulawula njani i-shots ezininzi ezibandayo? Lo ngowona mbuzo rhoqo ubalaseleyo wokuba intatheli ye-Pavlichenk ibuziwe. Ibhinqa elikwi-akhawunti engama-309 yokufa, xa yayilibale ibali ukuba i-Soviet Media iyaqhubeka ukuguqulela. Kwamehlo akhe, amajoni afa ngabo bakwazi ukungena kwimfesane. Esi siganeko siye saphakamisa intiyo yotshaba eLyudmila, kulo lonke ixesha, kumaphephandaba asemazweni, kwabizwa ngokuba "kukufa kwenenekazi".
Impumelelo yePavlihenko Namhlanje ivusa iimbambano. Abanye ababhali-mbali bayaphikisa ukuba impumelelo yomfazi onomdla we-sniper, abathandi beStalin, bagqithisile. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba uPavlihenko akazange asebenzise abantu besini esahlukileyo, kwaye ngenxa yoko babenokuzibona emfazweni.
ESevastopol, uLyudmilla wachitha iinyanga ezisibhozo. Uthathe inxaxheba kwiimfazwe kwaye watshabalalisa iintshaba ezininzi njengoko yayingeyiyo isyokhrasi enye eyathatha inxaxheba ekukhuseleni kwesixeko solwaphulo-mthetho. Ngokutsho kolwazi olusemthethweni, uLyudmili uchithe unyaka ngaphambili, kwaye emva kokuba abantu abasebaselula baqeqeshiwe.
Kwincwadi ye-Autobiographical, iPavlihenko yazama ukuveza imvelaphi yesipho sakhe esinqabileyo. Ukuchaneka, i-Intuition kunye nezinye iimpawu zikaLudmila kwakufundisa intiyo yeentshaba ezazifikeleyo kumhlaba wakhe wokuzalwa kwaye zaphula ubomi bokuthula. Kwiilali ezilawulwa utshaba, uPaverphenko wabona izidumbu zabantwana nabantu abadala. Ibonwa ifuthe ngenxa yebhinqa eliselula. Kukho ingcinga yokuba i-pavlihenko yayinesakhiwo esingaqhelekanga se-eyebot.
Ukusetyenziswa "Ukuphoswa kwe-Colt" namhlanje ziphantsi kwamathandabuzo. Kwiinyanga zokuqala zemfazwe, uPavlikinko thwalwa ngo-187 amaGermans namaRomanians. Ifoto yomfazi oneminyaka engama-25 ubudala enezinto zequbuliso kunye nezibongozo zasasazeka ngaphambili ukuze ziphakamise umoya wokulwa. Kodwa ukubulala ngaphezu kweentshaba ezingaphezu kwama-200, uPavlihenko akazange afumane iimbasa. Kwaye ngo-1941 wanikwa abameli bezinto ezingezizo zomkhosi ezingakhange zenzeke kumgca wangaphambili.
Impumelelo ye-pavlihenko ayinakuqhayisa nayiphi na i-sniper enamava. Nangona kunjalo, igama lakhe alizange livele kuluhlu olunikiweyo kude kube ngu-Epreli 1942. Kuphela kuxa pavlihenko efumana imbasa. Iqhawe leSoviet Union laqala kamva - ngo-1943.
Umkhosi waphatha ilahleko kwaye, kunjalo, yayifuna ukuphinda ubuye. Amadoda ngaphambili aswele. Ukutsala phambi kwamantombazana, umfanekiso obhinqileyo webhinqa kwakufuneka. Iimfumba zesahlulo esiselula, ukutshisa kunye nezindlu ngamaJamani, kunye nezigqibo zabahlali, ngo-1943 abantu bambalwa abachukumisekileyo. Sifuna amagorha amatsha namagorha.
Ngo-1942, uPavlihenko watyelela eUnited States. Apha ndadibana kwaye ndenza nabahlobo kunye ne-Eleonor Roosevelt. Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu, isibongozo kubantu baseMelika, 'abafihliweyo ixesha elide kum ". I-Lyudmila ishushu. Le ndawo isetyenziswa kwifilimu ngo-2015 kunye nesandla sokukhanya se-quinematographedpheators, savumelana ukuba ababukeli abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba:
Abathunywa baquka i-vladimir pchelintsev. I-Sniper sele inawo imbasa yomkhosi ophezulu. Nangona ngo-1942 iziphumo zayo zazinemiphumo emihle kakhulu yeLlumudmila (amajoni ali-114 ebulewe). Iinyama zenyama zizanelisa ngokuzithandela ukwazi abantu baseMelika, ukubonisa izakhono zabo ekudubula. I-pavlihenko - i-sniper enamava okungakumbi - inqaliwe.
Ubomi Buqu
Kwiminyaka elishumi ngaphambi kokuqala kwemfazwe, uLyudmila oneminyaka eli-15 ubudala wadibana uAlexey Pavlikenko. Le ndoda yayimdala kunaye. Ulwalamano lothando lwahamba kakhulu. Kungekudala, uLyudmila wafumanisa ukuba wayelinde umntwana. Amarhe malunga nokukhulelwa oneminyaka eli-15 ubudala ahlukane nesithili. Emva kwexesha, uPavlihenko akathandi ukuthetha ngale nto kwibhayiloji yakhe.
Utata kaPavlihenk ngelo xesha wasebenza kwi-NKVD. Ukoyika ubunzima kwinkonzo, kunyanzelise ubhaliso lomtshato. Ngo-1932, unyana uRostislav wazalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ubomi bosapho abungasebenzi, yaye kungekudala le ntombazana ibuyele kwi-lono yosapho. Malunga nomyeni wokuqala pavlihenko engathandanga ukukhumbula.
Ngo-1941, uLyudmila wadibana noFautenantant Kitznko. Ukuya kutshata naye. Kodwa iKitizko yasweleka ekuqaleni kowe-1942. U-Llummila wafumana ukonzakala okukhulu kunye nothusa olomeleleyo olomeleleyo.
Kungekudala emva kokuba iiholide zifumene ukwenziwa kwesesibini. Ukulimala okuninzi nokusothuka ngokomoya - iinyani ezichazwe ngabaxhasi bohlobo lwezinto ezifezekisiweyo ze-sniper yabasetyhini.
Iinkcukacha ezivela kubomi bukaPavlihenkoni emva kokuba imfazwe yaziwa kancinci. U-Llummila Mikhailovna utshatile Konstantin Shevelev, kodwa akasabenabantwana.
Iminyaka yeMfazwe emva kokufa
UPavlihenko ugqibile izifundo zakhe, waba ngumbhali-mbali. Nangona kunjalo, andizange ndiye esikolweni. Iminyaka esibhozo ichithwe kwimo yenzululwazi yekomkhulu lemkhosi. Uzibandakanya kwimisebenzi yoluntu.Wasweleka ngo-1974. Ingcwatywe kumangcwaba e-novoddevichy.
Imemori
- Kwisixeko saseBelarus, icawe yokuhlonipha iLyudmili i-Pavlikinko ibizwa ngokuba sisikolo.
- Igama le-sniper edumileyo ifumene isitrato kwiSevastopol.
- I-American Cleery Woody Gututat ngo-1946 yenza ingoma ethi "Miss Pavlihenko".
- Ifilimu "Idabi le-Sevastopol", indima yebhinqa elidumileyo-sniper lenziwa nguJulia Peressilde. Xa ubhala imeko, iinkumbulo ze-roosevelt ezisetyenzisiweyo.
- Ukuhlonitshwa kwePavlihenko, umpu we-lwiuda ubizwa ngegama lomdlalo wekhompyuter "Vieslands 2".
Amabhaso
- Ngo-1942 - Imbasa "yokulwa kakuhle"
- Ngo-1943 - isihloko se "hubele yeSoviet Union"
- I-Pomeli "yoloyiso phezu kweJamani kwiMfazwe enkulu yeMfazwe enkulu"
- Isixhobo sePrimiyamu - umpu "Colt"