I-Biograge
UNikolai Ivanovich Parfenov - umlingisi okhunjulwe abalandeli be-cinema. Erekhodini lenkonzo yalo muntu okhangayo futhi onobuhlakani, imisebenzi ye-cinematic engaphezu kwekhulu, lapho i-parfenov yenza khona izindima ezikhethekile.
Abantu abalula baseSoviet banikezwe uNikolai Ivanovich nge-bang. Udlale unjiniyela, iphoyisa, umlimi, umshayeli webhasi - labo bantu abangahlangana nabo kalula emgwaqweni. Naphezu kokuvela okwenzeka kumafilimu, i-parfenov yaphoqa izilaleli ukuba zikhumbule izinhlamvu zazo futhi zicabange ngekusasa lazo. Umlingisi wadlala emafisini anjalo athi "Damn ngesikhwama", "kuphi uNofette?", "Kimi, Mukhtar!" kanye neminye imidwebo edumile yezikhombisi ezinkulu.
Ubuntwana nentsha
UNikolai Ivanovich wazalwa ngoJulayi 26, 1912 edolobhaneni laseSergievev-Gorki, esesifundeni saseVladimir. URos wakhulela emndenini omkhulu, kanye nabafowethu nodadewethu.
Umndeni weParfenov wabhekwa njengezindinganiso zalesosikhathi enikeziwe, ngoba uyise kaNicholas wakwazi ukuvumela abalimpasi abajwayelekile kumsizi emsizeni womkhumbi, owaphuthuma eVolga. Ngenkathi inhloko yomndeni itholile imali, umama womlingisi wayehleli ekhaya, wahola abendlu futhi enze izingane.
Ekwindla ka-1917, isikhathi esingavikelekile nesingazinzile seRussia esihlobene ne-Poicount Coup sasiyeza. I-Okthoba Revolution yaboniswa eParfenov, kepha ngemuva kokunqoba kuye, uyise wamisa umqondisi wesitshalo sefilakisi.
Kepha kungekudala endlini bekukhona usizi - inhloko yomndeni yafa ngokungazelelwe. Ngakho-ke, konke ukukhathazeka kwawela emahlombe ezintekenteke ezinganeni: Ngesikhathi sokufa komnakekeli ophambili, ingane yayineminyaka eyi-14, uNikolai wayeneminyaka eyisikhombisa.
Kuyafaneleka ukuthi umndeni weParfenov wayehlala njalo uhlale ndawonye futhi uqondiswe yisiqubulo esithi "One kubo bonke." Ngisho nenhlekelele ayizange ibenze banciphise izandla zabo. Izingane zisize labo abadikibala ngosizi lukamama ngangokunokwenzeka: izinkuni ze-kolya, zilimaze izinkomo, zinakekele izinkomo. Ngisho nogogo wakudala wazama ukusiza epulazini.
Ngenxa yethemba kanye nomsebenzi weParfenov wasukuma ngezinyawo, kodwa kwenzeka inkinga entsha. Ngawo-1930s, kwaqala ukonakala. Emhlanganweni wasemakhaya, lapho bafuna ukuveza abalimi abacebile, omakhelwane abanomona bakhethe abantu abathile abasebenza kanzima kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi umndeni we-parfen "wahlakazwa." Umama wathunyelwa enyakatho, lapho ahlanganyela khona ekuthuthukisweni kwe-peatlands, futhi izingane ziye zashiya izihlobo, umuntu othile ePerm, nabanye enhlokodolobha.
EMoscow, abafowethu nodadewethu baseParfenov bathola ukubizwa kwabo, futhi uNikolai Ivanovich ngokwakhe wanquma ngokuqinile ukuba ngumlingisi futhi angenele esikoleni seshashalazi. Kuliqiniso, ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo semibhalo, le nsizwa yasebenza njengomlandeli esigabeni nesitshalo sesando. Kodwa-ke, uNicholas emsebenzini wawungajwayele ukusebenza.
Ithiyeta
Akubona bonke abafowethu abadlali abangabafundi kusukela okokuqala, kepha uNikolai Ivanovich angabizwa ngenhlanhla. Le nsizwa ihanjiswe amadokhumenti esitudiyo e-Moscow Theatre. Mosovet futhi wamukelwa ngokushesha. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi iKomidi Lokwamukelwa linikeze umfana elinye isimilo esilandelayo: "Kuyahlekisa futhi kwembulwa." Othisha babone ethalente lase-Eccentric ne-Vicolae Talent, elaliwusizo kwisehlakalo samahlaya.
Isikhungo semfundo esiphakeme seParfenov samukelwa eTroupe yaseshashalazini, lapho asebenze khona iningi lempilo yakhe, edlala izindima emikhiqizweni edumile yemisebenzi yababhali abadumile. Isibonelo, ekusebenzeni kweDenis Fonvizin "Nepali" Nikolai Ivanovich yagcwalisa indima enkulu etholwe yi-mitrofanushka. Futhi, umlingisi wabamba iqhaza eMasquerade Lermontov, "abafowethu baseKaramazov" DOSTOVSKY neminye imikhiqizo.
Amafilimu
Ukuvela kokuqala kwamaNicholas phambi kwamakhamera aqondiswayo kwenzeke ngo-1944, okwaqala kwaqala ngefilimu lakhe. I-Parfenov ibekelwe inkanyezi esithombeni esithi "amasimu endabuko", lapho ngavumele khona kabusha kuSihlalo omusha wepulazi elihlanganisiwe. Ezihlokweni zomlingisi, abakhombisanga ukuthi abavimbanga abaqondisi ukummema emidwebo yabo.
UNikolai Ivanovich akakaze adlale amaqhawe - abathandi noma ama-protagonists abhekana nezintatheli noma izinselelo endleleni yokuphila. Kepha ukubukeka kwakhe okwenzeka emibhalweni kwakungu-cherry ekhekheni le-cinema laseSoviet. Mhlawumbe kunzima ukucabanga ngefilimu "kimi, Mukhtar!" (1964) Ngaphandle komhlahlandlela weGubareva noma isithombe esithi "Qaphela imoto" (1966), lapho bekungeke kube khona umshushisi ekulaleleni enkantolo.
Ngo-1975, uNikolai Ivanovich wawina izindima kwifindi "e-aponya". Kulesi sithombe, umlingisi udlale uSihlalo we-Moscow Boris Petrovich. Lesi sakhiwo sefilimu sitshelwa ngepayipi elingakalwanga le-Athanasia Borschev, elingahlali ngaphandle kweziphuzo ezishisayo. ULeonid Kuravlev, evgeny Leonov, uNina Maslov, uRaisa Kurlov nezinye izinkanyezi zeSoviet Cinema nazo zadlalwa kumahlaya.
Futhi ohlwini lwenkonzo yeParfenov, ungaqokomisa izithombe "ngosuku lokugcina" (1972) "Phila ngenjabulo" (1978), "i-labyrinth" ka-1980), "Wizard" (1982), njll.
Ngo-1992, uNikolai Parfenov wadlala kwifilimu yakhe yokugcina, ebizwa ngokuthi "ku-deribasovskaya, isimo sezulu esihle, noma izimvula ziyeza eBrighton Beach." Umqondisi uLeonid Gaidai owethulwe ezilalelweni uzungu olukhuluma ngokuphela kwempi ebandayo. Kuletheyipu yeParkenov, iPetrenko yagcwalisa iqhaza likaColonel Petrenko futhi idlalwe kusethi eyodwa no-Dmitry Kharatyan, noReri Soft, eMnuil Vitorgan kanye nabanye abalingisi.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto, uphahla kufakwe onkamisa. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, kungabonakala kusiqephu sephrojekthi boris Grachevsky "Yeerchche". Kumagazini wesishiyagalolunye, obizwa ngokuthi "umzuzu omuhle," kusho uNikolai Ivanovich evuselelwa ngokusobala kuMlobi we- "War and Peace" kaLeo Tolstoy. Kokunye, ukukhishwa okungu-51, wadlala umshayeli webhasi.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ukusuka e-bikography kaNikolai Parfenova, kuyaziwa ukuthi wayeshade kabili. Ngomlingisi, u-Olga Vasilyeva, umlingisi wahlangana eminyakeni yakhe yabafundi futhi wamenza wabekwa esifungo sesandla sakhe nezinhliziyo. Abashadikazi bazalwe ndodakazi u-Irina, nokho, ngokuzayo ubudlelwane babo bahlukaniswa ngabathumbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-parfenov yahlangana nothando lwayo lweqiniso, umsebenzi wethiyetha uLarisa Alekseevna, waphila kuwo iminyaka engama-47. Kwakungekho zingane ezijwayelekile ezivela kubalingani.
Ngokusho kwamahemuhemu, ekugcineni kwempilo kaLarisa Alekseevna wakhubazeka futhi akakwazanga ukuzinakekela, isikhathi esiningi umlingisi ayenakekela umkakhe. Futhi, kwabezindaba kuthiwa ngasikhathi sinye uNikolai Ivanovich wazama ukungena ekhaya lasebekhulile, kodwa wanqatshelwa ngenxa yokuthi le ndoda yenqabile ukudlulisa indlu ezandleni zoMbuso.
Kuyaziwa nangokuthi uNikolai Ivanovich empilweni yakhe kwakungumuntu ofanayo onobuntu njengasesikrinini se-TV. Indoda yathandwa ukuba semakethe emakethe. Lapho, akazange anakekele kuphela ukuthengwa, kodwa futhi wabuka impilo yezakhamizi, ezibalulekile kumdlali. Esikhathini sakhe samahhala, uNikolai Ivanovich wathanda ukuxhumana nabantu futhi wadlala chess. Abalingisi abaseduze batshelwa ukuthi akakaze abheme, akazange aphuze utshwala futhi anamathele empilweni enempilo.
Ukushona
UKhisimusi u-Eva ngoJanuwari 7, 1999, uNikolai Ivanovich ushonile. Imbangela yokufa ingumorrhage ebuchosheni.
Kuthiwa ngesikhathi lapho abalilayo befaka izimbali ebhokisini lakhe, basakazwa ku-TV ngamahlaya ababambe iqhaza kwabalingisi. I-Parfenova yethuna's Linast itholakala emkhakheni wamathuna we-59 we-Khimki Cemetery.
Izics
- 1958 - "Impilo yadlula"
- 1960 - "Ukuduma kwezulu"
- 1961 - "Impi Yendlela"
- Ngo-1961 - "Ekuqaleni kwalelikhulu leminyaka"
- 1961 - "Ukufika kwesiphambano"
- Ngo-1968 - "Abajwayelene '
- Ngo-1968 - "Amadoda amadala ayisikhombisa nentombazane eyodwa"
- Ngo-1968 - "Wakhonza ama-comrade amabili"
- Ngo-1969 - "Abafowethu Karamazov"
- 1992 - "Masenze ngaphandle kokugxila!"
- 1992 - "Hermit"
- Ngo-1992 - "I-Waiter nge-tray yegolide"
- Ngo-1992 - "Ku-Deribasovskaya, isimo sezulu esihle, noma eBrighton Beach futhi kuza imvula"