Biography
I-Fidia-umyili wamandulo waseGrikhi, isikrini kunye nomculi, owazisa imifanekiso eqingqiweyo ye-bronze kunye ne-chrysalealatin. Ubuchule bombhali baphakame kakhulu kangangokuba wazukiswa kwisikhundla samagcisa amandulo amaGrike wexesha leklasi ye-raxite ngepraxite kunye nezamamela.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Kwi-biography ye-fidiya igciniwe. Izazinzulu zibeka phambili iingcinga ezibizwa ngokuba nguYise u-Movita, kwaye indawo yokuzalwa inokuba yiAthene. Ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba umlinganiso wokudala wazalwa emva koMlo weMarathon, malunga ne-490 BC. NS.
Iziqinisekiso ezichanekileyo zalowo waba ngumcebisi we-scoelptor akazange agcinwe. Kweminye imithombo, ootitshala bayo banokubakho babiza ama thumba, i-ampade kunye ne-polygnosta.
UFidium wasebenza eAthene, kwaye wabandakanyeka kwiMisebenzi yoYilo kunye nobugcisa kwiNtlanganiso, i-Defles kunye neOlimpiki. Ilungiselelo leworkshop yamaGrike kumgaqo-nkqubo wokugqibela, ukhankanya lugcinwe kwimisebenzi yomphathi wePavania.
Ubomi Buqu
NjengamaGrike amaninzi amandulo awayetsalelekile kubuchule, uFidi wayenengxaki yokuthandana nabantu abancinci. Intanda yakhe yayingumfana wase-Elaisian, owaziwayo ngenxa yokuba kwi-436 BC. NS. waba ngumoya ophumeleleyo kwi-olympiad engama-86.Kukho ingcinga yokuba igama lomntu odlale indima ebalulekileyo kubomi bobuqu, uFidid wayeka, esebenzisa umbhalo womfanekiso oqingqiweyo kaZeus Olimpiki. Kuyinyani, ngokweengxelo ezithile, uphawu olunjalo lwalusemkrekweni we-Athena Parfenos okanye kwilitye lesikhumbuzo elinikezelwe kwi-Uranian Aphrodite in Elise.
Indalo
Imisebenzi yokuqala ye-sclolptor yesiGrike yenziwa ngobhedu nemabula. Imifanekiso enikezelweyo yanikezelwa koThixo okanye imbali. Ukuqulunqwa kwezinto ezintsha kuziswe yi-FIDI kwindawo yobungcali yayikukuba waqala ukudibanisa i-ndlovu negolide kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo. Iingcali zikwanikela ingqalelo kubuchule bombhali kumfanekiso webhunga elinqunu phantsi kwempahla.
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba imisebenzi ye-bow ayifikanga namhla, iinkcazo zelityenzi ezenziwa nguye zagcinwa. Umsebenzi we-scolptor wamkelwa njengemisebenzi yobugcisa bamandulo yamaGrike. Umsebenzi wetyala uzinikezelwe kwi-maranhon. Ukuqulunqwa kwakuphinda kuveliswe ngumfanekiso weMiltida, ejikelezwe ngamanani oothixo abangamaGrike kunye nabalinganiswa beMyculalogical. Isikhumbuzo sasise-Delphi. UFidiya wasebenza kuyilo lwetempile yeTereus eAthens, kwaye waba ngumbhali wesfula enikezelwe kwiAmazon. Ifakwe kwitempile ka-Artemis.
Ngexesha ukusuka ku-446 ukuya kwi-438 BC. NS. U-Ellin wasebenza ngaphezulu komfanekiso we-Athena kwiParfenone. Yenziwa ngegolide kunye neendlovu besebenzisa izixhobo ezinobuchule. Ukuphakama kwesikhumbuzo, ngokobungqina be-PLIN, kufikelelwa kwi-115 m, nakwezandla zikaThena zazibambe isixokelo segama lesidlaliso, ikrele nekhali. Ngaphandle kwelokugqibela, imfazwe yeeAmazoon yaboniswa. Isikrini sifanekisela amandla eAthene kunye ne-heroc edlulileyo yomgaqo-nkqubo.
Malunga ne-432, i-FIDI igqibe umsebenzi kwi-Skriptsure kaZeus Olimpiki evela kwi-crrysaletin. Ukuphakama komfanekiso oqingqiweyo yayiziimitha ezili-14. Umzimba kaThixo wawugubungela ilaphu legolide, kwaye ezandleni zazikhonga inkohliso ngokokhozi kunye negama elincinci. UZeus Olimpiki waba sesithathu semimangaliso esixhenxe yehlabathi.
Chonga ixesha elichanekileyo lomsebenzi kumfanekiso oqingqiweyo wanceda ukumba eqhutywa ukusuka ngo-1954 ukuya ku-1956. Kwithuba le phando, abembi bezinto zakudala bafumanisa ukuba lo mdali woMdali. Izazinzulu zifumene izixhobo ezigciniweyo, iifom zodongwe kunye nekomityi enombhalo oqinisekisa iFidium.
Umyili wezekhi-makhi wadala i-athenia acropolis, itshatyalalisiwe ngamaPersi. Ukongeza, i-bahhorsop yayo ingumqwebengo yeAthene ye-Athene Desileakes, iseti malunga ne-460 ku-N. NS. Kwi-ACROPOITIs eAthene ukuzukisa uloyiso lwamaPersi.
Isikhumbuzo sebhereze asigcinwanga, kunye ne-Athena Lemnia, i-bronze Skropture, inkcazo efumanekayo kwinzala ebonke inzala ngokukhethekileyo kwiikopi kuphela. Umzobo we-Athena, kwintlawulo, ayizanga. Umhla wokudalwa wayo uthathwa njengexesha ukusuka kwi-470 BC. NS. Isixhobo se-stocio sasebenza njengomthi wegolide-golide kunye ne-Pealtel marble.
Ababhali-mbali bobugcisa bahlulela i-Fidia kubasunguli ama-European Art. Isikolo sakhe se-Attic Scrempture, silungelelaniswe kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane ye-5 yeXesha le-5 BC. I-ER, yathandwa, kwaye abalandeli beenkosi zabo badalwa kubuchwephesha beeklasi ezinkulu ezidibanisa umkhwa wexesha. IsiGrike amandulo sisebenza kunye kunye nomfundi, kunye nokusebenzisana nabaphangi baseAlkamen, iMiron nase-Abyerakrit. Abafundi benkosi bathathe inxaxheba kuyilo lweParfenon. Ngoluhlu kunye nepaneli uFidi basebenze kumfanekiso weOlimpiki uZeus.
Ukufa
I-Fidium yayingumhlobo osenyongweni nomcebisi kumlawuli wemifuno. Oku kuhambelana nobuqaqawuli boyilo, kodwa kwanegalelo kubukho bokungaqondi ngamaqabane. Umzobo watyholwa ngokunyanzelwa kwegolide xa usenza i-Athena Parfenos. Ngokunxulumene nomfanekiso kwiphaneli yayo yeeprofayili kwi-duet ene-pericol, amahemuhemu ezinzakalisayo aqala ukusasazeka. Iintshaba kunye neentshaba zabamona basebenzisa le nto kwaye bancedise kumhlobo womlawuli.Umsikisi watyholwa ngokubiwa. Kwindibano yabantu ebudeni ye-Atene, igolide yashenxiswa, yacekiswa, yasuka yaba zizityholo zokungalunganga. Ukunqongophala kobungqina akuzange kuyithintele i-scoeltotor ejele, apho wayevalelwe entolongweni, ephantsi kobuqaqawuli noluvo loluntu. Unobangela wokusweleka komculi wakhonza njengentaba, awayesinde, kunye nokukhutshwa, ukunqongophala. Ngokutsho kolunye uhlobo, i-Fidia ityhefu etyhefu. Kukho indawo yokuqikelela ukuba uHellen agxothwe kwi-Elima.
Sebenza
- I-Zeus Margae kwi-Olimpiki
- Umfanekiso wama-Ahena Paruphos.
- Umfanekiso we-Athena Parfenos.
- Uyilo oluqhelekileyo lweParmenn (i-fries yeParfenon, iindlela, njl.)
- Umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ka-Athena Lemnia
- Indawo ye-Athena yendawo
- I-Citroege Demetra
- Umfanekiso oqingqiweyo
- Umfanekiso we-anadumen
- Umfanekiso oqingqiweyo, i-nudovisi
- Umfanekiso we-tiberlo Apollo
- Umfanekiso oqingqiweyo ka-Apolloon