Biography
I-biography yalo mfazi onetalente idume ngokuba zombini impumelelo kunye nobomi bobuqu. IGAMA kunye neMifanekiso yeFoto ye-Olga i-Olga yeBhiscress ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20 zazihombisa iiposta zethiyetha ye-moscow edumileyo, kwinqanaba le-Konstantin ebalaseleyo. Ekuqaleni komsebenzi, wadibana nothando olukhulu kwaye kuphela ngu-Anton Cheokhov, inoveli yawo ikhwaza iminyaka yokugqibela yegenius.Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-Olga Bhodi yeBhodi yazalwa ngoSeptemba 21, 1868 kwidolophu yePhondo le-vyatka. Utata kaLeonard Bhuflem - i-Alsadi yaseJamani, i-rive yasePrussia, yasebenza njengengcali yenjineli kwisityalo esihlumileyo. Umama ka-Anna Ivanovna Saza - imvumi, enelizwi eliqatha kwaye edlala ipiyano.
Esi sibini sakhulisa abantwana abathathu - i-Konstantin, i-Olga neVladimir. Ngo-1871, usapho lwencwadi lwafudukela eMoscow. Abantwana bebulela umama bakhula kwimozulu yokuyila: Iholide, imisebenzi yomculo yayilungiselelwe rhoqo, yapeyinta ingcinga, yafunda iingoma.
Wazalelwa kwi-olga encinci ye-olga ukuya kwimisebenzi yobugcisa, kodwa uTata waphupha ngomculi kwaye kuzo zonke iindlela wakhuthaza umzobo wakhe. I-Olga yafunda iilwimi zasemzini ukususela ebuntwaneni, isiNgesi ngokugqibeleleyo, isiFrentshi nesiJamani. Kodwa le ntombazana ayifanelanga ukusebenza. Ekupheleni kwendawo yokuzivocavoca kwabucala, uye waphila "waphila linenekazi."
Yonke into yatshintsha ukusweleka kukaBawo ngonyaka ka-1894. Imeko yentsapho yosapho yawohla kangaka. Apha, imfundo yomculo ka-Ana Ivanovna yayiluncedo, wanika izifundo zabucala, kwaye emva kwethutyana waba ngunjingalwazi wokucula kwesikolo sasePhilisharnic. UOlga noVladimir njengoomama banokunceda. I-Konstantin ngelo xesha isebenze kwiCaucasus.
Ithiyetha
Ukuphupha ngomsebenzi obambeleyo, uOlga wazama kabini ukuze afumane imfundo yomsebenzi. Okwesihlandlo sokuqala, le ntombazana izame amandla akhe kwi-studio yomlingisi kunye notitshala ka-Alexander Lensky, kodwa akazange abone umThetho wexesha elizayo kumfundi. Umzamo wesibini wayengaphumelelanga: Ngo-1895 wasiwa kwisitudiyo esisikolo seqonga lemidlalo yeqonga lase-Imperiya, kodwa wagxothwa emva kovavanyo lokuqala olungekho mthethweni.
Njengoko kuye kwavela, "Ukutsalwa" kwalungiswa: UOlga uthathe i-proges umntu okuphakathi. Lo msitho kwakunzima kakhulu kwintombazana, kwaye ikamva, ngokungathi lityiwe, lithumela okuhle kumculi. Kwakuloo nyaka, ungena kwisikolo esimangalisayo kwiSikolo saseMoscow Philfmonic (ngoku igitis). Iincwadi zika-Olga zaziyi-vsevod Mering, ivan moskvin, maria gorimanov kunye nezinye iinkwenkwezi zexesha elizayo mht.
Umcebisi wabalinganiswa abancinci yayingumzobo obalaseleyo weqonga kunye ne-planfter vladimir nemirovich-dachenko. Wayengowokuqala ukuba abe yitalente yomfundi wakhe, kwaye ngo-1898, emva kokukhululwa kweqela, umema i-Olga ukuya kwi-thupi yethiyetha yaseMoscow edalwe nguye. Ngapha koko, kumdlalo wokuqala we-MHT "Tsar Fnyodi dahn" kumdlalo uAlexei Tolstoy Olga, eyona ndima iphambili yabelwa-ukumkanikazi wase-Irina. I-Deedcalant yayiyimpumelelo entle, kwaye indima ephambili elandelayo yayingakude.
Kwakuloo nyaka, i-ruupe yaqala ukumitha "uSeagull", kule fomu u-Olga Leonardovna wafumana indima ye-Archadine. UTrepleva wadlala i-meyill, kunye ne-trigorin - Stantislavsky. Inkulumbuso yomdlalo yenzekile kunyaka omtsha, kwaye yayinguloyiso lokwenene, iholo yayiqhutywa ngumdlalo wabadlali abami. Kungekudala "Chaika" waba yiKhadi leShishini leMali yePhondo le-MHT.
I-Anton Pavlovich emva kwePhemu ye "Wagullels" kwi-Alexandrian Alexandrian I-Alexandrian Alexandrian ayikholwanga kwinqanaba le-Mscow, kodwa iphinde yatyelela umdlalo kwaye wanomdla kumdlalo ophambili. Le ngcinga kwaye yakha isiseko sembali yabo yothando kunye nomtshato olandelayo.
Nangona kunjalo, wade wafaka ikati yakhe ngombhali, uOlga Leonardovna akathathanga uthatha umhlala phantsi, egula kakhulu, e-Yalta, kwaye waqhubeka nokudlala indawo yethiyetha ithandekayo. Emva kwempumelelo ye- "Seagalls", i-chenokhov idlala yaba ngokwesiko le-MHT. "Malume uVanya", "Ousdade abathathu", "iGadi" - ivanov "- kuyo yonke le mveliso ye-olgan
"Andazi ukuba ndiza kuya kwindima yangaphandle, ukusuka kwi-harness yangaphandle, ukwenza indima ngoncedo lwendlela enye ... ngelixa kukho into engazalwanga emphefumlweni wam, uhlobo oluthile lomntu aluyi kuvela -Andikwazi ukudlala. Nditsalela lo "umtshato oyimfihlo" ngendlela, "wabhala kwiinkumbulo zakhe.
Emva kokusweleka kuka-Antovich, umoba weqonga ixesha elide wayethathe umhlala phantsi, kodwa xa wayephinda aqhubeke eqongeni, umdlalo wakhe waguqulwa, waba nzulu ngakumbi kwaye ucocekile. Kwincwadi eguqukayo yencwadi yavela kwindima entsha kunye nemveliso. Umculi odlalwa kwi-Gegolev "UMphicothi-zincwadi", uGqirha ka-Alexander Griboedov kunye ne-Moiliere ", kwaye" abafileyo "kunye ne-maxim gork" ezantsi abanye.
Ngokuqala kweminyhadala yotshintsho lwe-MHT Traupe yokuyeka ukuya ekukhuseleni. Ukususela ngo-1919 ukuya ku-1922, iOlga Leonardovna eneqela le-Russia lahamba loo mizi yaseRussia, kunye neYurophu naseMelika. Ngokuyinxenye, oku kubhadula ukubhadula kwendalo kwanyanzelwa - imfazwe yamakhaya yayikwilizwe labo, kwaye amagcisa ayengenalo ithuba lokubuya nokusebenza njengangaphambili.
Kwakulo hambo ukuba ifani ezimbini zomculi wazalwa-uKnipper Chenokv. Ngokwembali, kwiCroatia Zagreb ukwandisa inzala kwiintetho zeTruupe, incwadi-Chenokv yagqiba kwelokuba ibhale iposti, ekhankanya igama lomyeni wakhe odumileyo. Kwaye iqhinga lasebenza-abaphulaphuli kwiholo belikukuchukumisa.
I-Olga Leonardovna ibuyele eMoscow ngo-1924. Kodwa ukusukela ngoku, ukuguquka kwayo akusenabubanzi njengangaphambili. Uninzi lwe-chechov kunye nezinye izinto ezihamba-hlulo zasuswa, ngaphandle koko, amaThala aBala ahamba kwindawo yemidlalo yeqonga, eyathabathayo ngaphambili. Umdlali weqonga, ixesha leendima zeminyaka ubudala lenzeka: I-vobs engqondweni ", uNidzhda Lvvna kwi" Armoria Liaby ", usihlalo ofanelekileyo".
Ngo-1937, u-Olga Leonardovna wafumana ibhaso likaRhulumente kunye nesihloko sobugcisa babantu. Kodwa ke kukho amabhaso kwi-merit edlulileyo. Kwithiyetha yaseSoviet, kwakungekho zindima zenkosana eyenziweyo, akazange angonwabanga avakalelwa kwimifanekiso yevoti, abafazi abangamagorha kwaye bangaphindi babonakala kwindawo yethiyetha yemveli. Okokugqibela i-ortiress ihambile kwiifreyimu ezithandwayo ngo-1950 "kuvuko".
Ubomi Buqu
Nangona umntu oqheleneyo ne-MHT Surication ye-MHT kunye nombhali obalaseleyo benzekile kwindawo yokudlala "Chakrav bade badla ngokubona" i-chenokv ye-Olga "kwindima yaseKumkanikazi irina. Ubhale malunga nembono yakhe kumdlali weqonga:
"Irina, Ngokoluvo lwam, lukhulu. Ilizwi, ubungangamsha, i-avenia-kulungile kangangokuba nakwi-culches ... Ukuba bendihlala eMoscow, ndingathandana nalo i-Irina. "I-Olga kunye ne-Anton Pavlovich yaqalisa ukunxibelelana emva kwePrieree ye "Seagalls" ngo-1899. Kwakuloo nyaka, umbhali watyelela indlu yomdlali weqonga, kwaye, naye watyelela impahla yakhe eMelikov. Ke, ukuba kude, esi sibini saqalisa ukubhalelana. I-Epistoalar Romance Taction kwisicelo sezandla nangeentliziyo. Ngo-1901, uChenkov kunye ne-Knipper babetshatile. Kuba bobabini yayingumtshato wokuqala. Ebutsheni bakhe, iOlga yayinenoveli enye kuphela - kunye nenjineli yaseRussia edumileyo vladimir shukov shukov.
Nangona kunjalo, emva komtshato, amaqabane abona amaxhala. Isifo sakhe safuna indawo engapheliyo esifudumeleyo - emazantsi, kwanomqala wasondela kwindawo yeMoscow. Nangona kunjalo, uChenkov ngokwakhe akaze ahlone kwaye angenza njani ukuba angamqinisekisa ngayo inkosikazi yakhe kwiileta zakhe ezifudumeleyo nezichukumisayo:
"Ugweba njengokuba kufanele ukuba kube njalo: Ukuba ubuhlala nam e-Yalta bonke ubusika bonke, ke ubomi bakho buya kuphangwa, kwaye bendiziva ndizisola yintoni obungcono. Ngapha koko, ndandisazi ukuba nditshatile i-Arrest, oko kukuthi, xa watshata, kwakucacile ukuba uza kuhlala eMoscow. "
Iileta zezona ndlela zonxibelelwano phakathi kwabathandi. Luhlobo lwawo lothando, kunye nobuchule boncwadi, kuthathwa njengelifa elixabisekileyo lombhali. Nangona kunjalo, indlela yokuziphatha yencwadi yagwetywa emhlabeni kwaye ijongene nemithi yakhe engafakwanga kunye nomyeni odumileyo. Ngokukodwa ukwanda kwenkosikazi ka-Anton Chenokv emva kokuba efile ngo-1904.
Eli bhinqa lalikwazi ukusinda esi simo sengqondo, kodwa kungekudala waphumelela intembelo yokuba ngaphambi kokuba kufike i-Latter, inkumbulo ethembekileyo yeBoGatvita Antovavich ihleli. Umfazi otshatileyo akasayi kuphuma yonke imihla yokuphumla.
Ukufa
I-Arress Actress ebalaseleyo ye-Olga Bhothov-Chenokv ishiywe ngoMatshi 22, 1959 eMoscow ngenxa yesifo eside. I-palatical Prima ingcwatywe kumangcwaba e-Novoddevichy.Imidlalo yemidlalo
- Ngo-1898 - "Seagull"
- Ngo-1899 - "Malume Voya"
- I-1900 - "Intombazana ye-Snow"
- Ngo-1901 - "Oodade abathathu"
- Ngo-1901 - "ivanov"
- Ngo-1904 - "igadi yeCherry"
- Ngo-1905 - "abantwana belanga"
- Ngo-1908 - "uMphicothi zincwadi"
- Ngo-1913 - "Mnimy Isigulana"
- Ngo-1924 - "Kuzo zonke izinto ezilula ezilula"